scholarly journals Interventions visant l’application des connaissances en pratique pharmaceutique

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Apolline Adé ◽  
Denis Lebel ◽  
Jean-François Bussières

<p><strong>RÉSUMÉ</strong></p><p><strong>Contexte : </strong>La littérature scientifique portant sur l’application des connaissances (AC) est vaste et complexe et les publications sur les interventions dans le domaine de la santé concernent surtout les médecins et les infirmières. Pour autant que les auteurs sachent, il n’existe pas de revue documentaire s’intéressant à l’AC et à ses retombées en pharmacie.</p><p><strong>Objectif : </strong>Décrire le profil des interventions visant l’AC en pratique pharmaceutique.</p><p><strong>Source des données : </strong>La plateforme Knowledge Translation+ (KT+) a été utilisée pour en extraire des articles publiés entre janvier 2010 et décembre 2016 à l’aide du terme « pharmacist ».</p><p><strong>Sélection des études et extraction des données : </strong>Les principales variables retenues pour établir le profil des interventions visant l’AC en pratique pharmaceutique étaient le protocole de recherche de l’étude, le lieu de l’intervention, les rôles du pharmacien, les types de connaissances transférées et les retombées. Le codage de la nature des interventions pharmaceutiques reposait sur la classification du site Impact Pharmacie.</p><p><strong>Synthèse des données : </strong>Au total, 114 articles ont été sélectionnés : revues systématiques (<em>n </em>= 25, 22 %), études contrôlées à répartition aléatoire (<em>n </em>= 45, 40 %) études rétrospectives (<em>n </em>= 21, 18 %), études prospectives (<em>n </em>= 13, 11 %), études pré-post intervention (<em>n </em>= 10, 9 %). Les études se déroulaient surtout en établissement de santé (74 %). La majorité des interventions ciblaient des étapes de soins pharmaceutiques et la realization de séances d’éducation thérapeutique et de conseils prodigués aux patients. Il existait un manque de rigueur méthodologique lors de la conception des interventions et quant à leur description.</p><p><strong>Conclusion : </strong>Le pharmacien est le principal producteur de connaissances et oriente les interventions visant leur application vers les patients ou les professionnels de santé. Celles-ci concernaient principalement la démarche de soins pharmaceutiques et le travail en interdisciplinarité. La mise en place d’une formation initiale et continue, la gestion de l’information et la désignation d’un pharmacien responsable de l’AC au sein de chaque département de pharmacie pourraient encourager le développement de cette mise en application des connaissances. Ce concept peut être utile pour soutenir la création d’un modèle de pratique pharmaceutique cohérent.</p><p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p><strong>Background: </strong>The scientific literature on knowledge translation (KT) is vast and complex, and most publications concerning health care interventions involve physicians and nurses. To the authors’ knowledge, there have been no literature reviews on KT and its impact on pharmacy practice.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the profile of interventions relating to KT in pharmacy practice.</p><p><strong>Data Sources: </strong>The term “pharmacist” was used to search the web platform Knowledge Translation+ (KT+) to identify pertinent articles published between January 2010 and December 2016.</p><p><strong>Study Selection and Data Extraction: </strong>The main variables analyzed to determine the profile of KT interventions in pharmacy practice were the study’s research protocol, the geographic location of the intervention, pharmacist roles, the types of knowledge transferred, and impacts of the interventions. The nature of pharmacy interventions was coded according to the classification on the Impact Pharmacie website.</p><p><strong>Data Synthesis: </strong>A total of 114 articles were selected: systematic reviews (<em>n </em>= 25, 22%), randomized controlled trials (<em>n </em>= 45, 40%), retrospective studies (<em>n </em>= 21, 18%), prospective studies (<em>n </em>= 13, 11%), and pre-post intervention studies (<em>n </em>= 10, 9%). Most of the studies (74%) were conducted in a health care institution. The majority of interventions targeted pharmaceutical care steps, therapeutic educational sessions, and patient education. There was a lack of methodological rigour during the development of interventions and in their description.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pharmacists are key generators of knowledge, and their interventions related to KT are directed toward patients or other health care professionals. These interventions have mainly addressed the pharmaceutical care process and interdisciplinary work. The implementation of initial and continuing education, the management of information, and the designation of a pharmacist responsible for KT in each pharmacy department might promote the development of such KT. This concept might in turn support the design of a coherent pharmacy practice model.</p>

10.2196/18508 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. e18508
Author(s):  
Olli Korhonen ◽  
Karin Väyrynen ◽  
Tino Krautwald ◽  
Glenn Bilby ◽  
Hedwig Anna Theresia Broers ◽  
...  

Background Advanced sensor, measurement, and analytics technologies are enabling entirely new ways to deliver health care. The increased availability of digital data can be used for data-driven personalization of care. Data-driven personalization can complement expert-driven personalization by providing support for decision making or even by automating some parts of decision making in relation to the care process. Objective The aim of this study was to analyze how digital data acquired from posture scanning can enhance physiotherapy services and enable more personalized delivery of physiotherapy. Methods A case study was conducted with a company that designed a posture scan recording system (PSRS), which is an information system that can digitally record, measure, and report human movement for use in physiotherapy. Data were collected through interviews with different stakeholders, such as health care professionals, health care users, and the information system provider, and were analyzed thematically. Results Based on the results of our thematic analysis, we propose three different types of support that posture scanning data can provide to enhance and enable more personalized delivery of physiotherapy: 1) modeling the condition, in which the posture scanning data are used to detect and understand the health care user’s condition and the root cause of the possible pain; 2) visualization for shared understanding, in which the posture scanning data are used to provide information to the health care user and involve them in more collaborative decision-making regarding their care; and 3) evaluating the impact of the intervention, in which the posture scanning data are used to evaluate the care progress and impact of the intervention. Conclusions The adoption of digital tools in physiotherapy has remained low. Physiotherapy has also lacked digital tools and means to inform and involve the health care user in their care in a person-centered manner. In this study, we gathered insights from different stakeholders to provide understanding of how the availability of digital posture scanning data can enhance and enable personalized physiotherapy services.


2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Laine ◽  
Maritta Välimäki ◽  
Eliisa Löyttyniemi ◽  
Virve Pekurinen ◽  
Mauri Marttunen ◽  
...  

BACKGROUND Continuing education has an important role in supporting the competence of health care professionals. Although Web-based education is a growing business in various health sectors, few studies have been conducted in psychiatric settings to show its suitability in demanding work environments. OBJECTIVE We aimed to describe the impact of a Web-based educational course to increase self-efficacy, self-esteem, and team climate of health care professionals. Possible advantages and disadvantages of the Web-based course are also described. METHODS The study used nonrandomized, pre-post intervention design in 1 psychiatric hospital (3 wards). Health care professionals (n=33) were recruited. Self-efficacy, self-esteem, and team climate were measured at 3 assessment points (baseline, 8 weeks, and 6 months). Possible advantages and disadvantages were gathered with open-ended questions at the end of the course. RESULTS Our results of this nonrandomized, pre-post intervention study showed that health care professionals (n=33) had higher self-efficacy after the course, and the difference was statistically significant (mean 30.16, SD 3.31 vs mean 31.77, SD 3.35; P=.02). On the other hand, no differences were found in the self-esteem or team climate of the health care professionals before and after the course. Health care professionals found the Web-based course useful in supporting their work and relationships with patients. The tight schedule of the Web-based course and challenges in recruiting patients to use the patient education program with health care professionals were found to be the disadvantages. CONCLUSIONS Web-based education might be a useful tool to improve the self-efficacy of health care professionals even in demanding work environments such as psychiatric hospitals. However, more studies with robust and sufficiently powered data are still needed.


2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Flaviu Mosora ◽  
Myriam Guèvremont ◽  
Gabriel Vézina ◽  
Karine Côté ◽  
Marianne Boulé ◽  
...  

RÉSUMÉ Contexte : Le rôle du pharmacien au sein de l’équipe multidisciplinaire est souvent méconnu. Diverses interventions peuvent être mises en place pour promouvoir le rôle du pharmacien en milieu hospitalier auprès des familles, des patients et des autres professionnels de la santé. Peu d’études décrivent la faisabilité et évaluent l’impact de ces interventions, particulièrement en pédiatrie. Objectifs : Décrire l’implantation d’une intervention à trois volets visant à accroître la visibilité du pharmacien et de son rôle dans l’équipe traitante, pour permettre d’optimiser les soins pharmaceutiques des patients hospitalisés dans les unités de pédiatrie générale du CHU Sainte-Justine, à Montréal (Québec). Comparer la perception et la satisfaction des parents de patients hospitalisés et des soignants recevant soit des soins pharmaceutiques usuels, ou soit des soins pharmaceutiques intégrant l’intervention. Méthode : Étude expérimentale randomisée contrôlée à simple aveugle portant sur des patients admis dans les unités de pédiatrie générale entre le 5 mars et le 8 août 2019. Outre des soins usuels, l’intervention comporte la remise d’une brochure d’information sur les services et soins pharmaceutiques, l’accès à une ligne téléphonique permettant aux familles et aux patients de prendre contact avec un résident en pharmacie pendant leur séjour à l’hôpital et jusqu’à un mois après le congé et le remplissage par le pharmacien responsable du patient d’un formulaire de congé standardisé. Un sondage de perception et de satisfaction a aussi été réalisé auprès des participants et des professionnels de la santé concernés. Résultats : Six cent quarante et un (641) participants ont été inclus dans l’étude, 321 dans le groupe intervention et 320 dans le groupe témoin. La brochure a été remise à tous les parents du groupe intervention. Douze appels téléphoniques ont été faits au moyen d’une ligne téléphonique spéciale. Le formulaire de congé standardisé de 46,7 % (150/321) des participants du groupe intervention a été rempli. Une majorité des parents et des patients ayant répondu au sondage (81,2 %, 298/367) se disent satisfaits des services et des soins pharmaceutiques reçus dans les deux groupes. Une proportion de 83,9 % des participants du groupe intervention se disent satisfaits des soins et services pharmaceutiques reçus comparativement à 78,5 % du groupe témoin (p = 0,18). De plus, 60,3 % (111/184) des participants du groupe intervention disent que l’information transmise pendant l’hospitalisation concernant les médicaments leur a apporté de nouvelles connaissances, contre 48,1 % (87/181) des participants du groupe témoin (p = 0,019). Les résultats du sondage montrent que les soignants sont en accord avec l’intervention. Conclusion : Les trois volets de l’intervention ont été implantés dans les unités de pédiatrie sur une période de cinq mois. Cette intervention est perçue comme étant positive par les parents et les soignants concernés et les répondants ont été majoritairement satisfaits des services et des soins pharmaceutiques offerts. ABSTRACT Background: The pharmacist’s role within the multidisciplinary team is often poorly understood. Various interventions can be put into place to promote the role of the pharmacist in the hospital setting with families, patients, and other health care professionals. Few studies have described the feasibility and assessed the impact of such interventions, particularly in pediatrics. Objectives: To describe the implementation of a 3-part intervention aimed at increasing the visibility of pharmacists and their role on the treatment team, with the goal of optimizing the pharmaceutical care of hospitalized patients in the general pediatric units of CHU Sainte-Justine, in Montréal, Quebec, and to compare the perceptions and satisfaction of patients’ parents and of health care professionals with exposure to either usual pharmaceutical care or to pharmaceutical care incorporating the intervention. Methods: This single-blind, randomized, controlled experimental study involved patients admitted to general pediatric units between March 5 and August 8, 2019. In addition to usual care, the intervention included delivery of an information brochure about pharmaceutical services and care, access to a telephone line (which allowed families and patients to contact a pharmacy resident during their stay in hospital and up to 1 month after discharge), and completion of a standardized discharge form by the pharmacist responsible for the patient. The participants and health professionals concerned were surveyed to determine their perceptions and level of satisfaction. Results: A total of 641 participants were included in the study, 321 in the intervention group and 320 in the control group. The brochure was given to all parents in the intervention group. Twelve phone calls were made through the dedicated telephone line. The standardized discharge form was completed for 46.7% (150/321) of the participants in the intervention group. Most of the parents and patients who responded to the survey, in either group (81.2%, 298/367), reported satisfaction with the pharmaceutical services and care received. Of participants in the intervention group, 83.9% were satisfied with the pharmaceutical care and services received, compared with 78.5% of those in the control group (p = 0.18). In addition, 60.3% (111/184) of participants in the intervention group said that the information about medications that was provided during the hospital stay gave them new knowledge, compared with 48.1% (87/181) of those in the control group (p = 0.019). The results of the survey showed that care providers were in agreement with the intervention. Conclusions: The 3 components of the intervention were implemented in the pediatric units over a period of 5 months. The intervention was perceived as positive by the parents and care providers concerned, and the respondents were mostly satisfied with the services and pharmaceutical care offered.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olli Korhonen ◽  
Karin Väyrynen ◽  
Tino Krautwald ◽  
Glenn Bilby ◽  
Hedwig Anna Theresia Broers ◽  
...  

BACKGROUND Advanced sensor, measurement, and analytics technologies are enabling entirely new ways to deliver health care. The increased availability of digital data can be used for data-driven personalization of care. Data-driven personalization can complement expert-driven personalization by providing support for decision making or even by automating some parts of decision making in relation to the care process. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to analyze how digital data acquired from posture scanning can enhance physiotherapy services and enable more personalized delivery of physiotherapy. METHODS A case study was conducted with a company that designed a posture scan recording system (PSRS), which is an information system that can digitally record, measure, and report human movement for use in physiotherapy. Data were collected through interviews with different stakeholders, such as health care professionals, health care users, and the information system provider, and were analyzed thematically. RESULTS Based on the results of our thematic analysis, we propose three different types of support that posture scanning data can provide to enhance and enable more personalized delivery of physiotherapy: 1) modeling the condition, in which the posture scanning data are used to detect and understand the health care user’s condition and the root cause of the possible pain; 2) visualization for shared understanding, in which the posture scanning data are used to provide information to the health care user and involve them in more collaborative decision-making regarding their care; and 3) evaluating the impact of the intervention, in which the posture scanning data are used to evaluate the care progress and impact of the intervention. CONCLUSIONS The adoption of digital tools in physiotherapy has remained low. Physiotherapy has also lacked digital tools and means to inform and involve the health care user in their care in a person-centered manner. In this study, we gathered insights from different stakeholders to provide understanding of how the availability of digital posture scanning data can enhance and enable personalized physiotherapy services.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iram Osman ◽  
Veena Singaram ◽  
Shaista Hamid

Abstract Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, health professionals were pushed to the front line of a global health crisis unprepared, resource constrained, and with heightened uncertainty and distress levels. The impact of an online mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) for health care professionals amid a pandemic has not been previously documented. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of a brief online MBI on stress, burnout and mindful awareness for health professionals training and working during the COVID-19 crisis.Methods: A mixed methods, phenomenological, participatory evaluation framework was adopted for this study. A four-week online training programme was adapted and delivered to health professionals via the Zoom platform. Non-probability snowball sampling was used to recruit participants. The quantitative data was analysed using descriptive analysis via Stata 15.1 statistical software, and the participants’ qualitative experiences were interpreted using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA).Results: Forty-seven participants took part in this study. The study found a statistically significant (p < 0.05) reduction in stress levels and emotional exhaustion as well as an increase in mindful awareness and feelings of personal accomplishment between the pre-and post-intervention assessments of the MBI. The participants’ shared experiences were analysed in two parts. The pre-intervention analysis presented with central themes of loss of control and a sense of powerlessness due to COVID-19. The post-intervention analysis comprised themes of a sense of acquired control and empowerment through increased mindfulness.Conclusions: The study found that a brief online MBI can be associated with increased awareness and present-moment focus as well as reduced levels of stress and burnout. The MBI had a positive impact on the health care professionals’ sense of control and empowerment, and increased their perceived sense of competence and accomplishment, both personally and professionally, during the global crisis.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnes T. Black ◽  
Marla Steinberg ◽  
Amanda E. Chisholm ◽  
Kristi Coldwell ◽  
Alison M. Hoens ◽  
...  

Abstract Background The KT Challenge program supports health care professionals to effectively implement evidence-based practices. Unlike other knowledge translation (KT) programs, this program is grounded in capacity building, focuses on health care professionals (HCPs), and uses a multi-component intervention. This study presents the evaluation of the KT Challenge program to assess the impact on uptake, KT capacity, and practice change. Methods The evaluation used a mixed-methods retrospective pre-post design involving surveys and review of documents such as teams’ final reports. Online surveys collecting both quantitative and qualitative data were deployed at four time points (after both workshops, 6 months into implementation, and at the end of the 2-year funded projects) to measure KT capacity (knowledge, skills, and confidence) and impact on practice change. Qualitative data was analyzed using a general inductive approach and quantitative data was analyzed using non-parametric statistics. Results Participants reported statistically significant increases in knowledge and confidence across both workshops, at the 6-month mark of their projects, and at the end of their projects. In addition, at the 6-month check-in, practitioners reported statistically significant improvements in their ability to implement practice changes. In the first cohort of the program, of the teams who were able to complete their projects, half were able to show demonstrable practice changes. Conclusions The KT Challenge was successful in improving the capacity of HCPs to implement evidence-based practice changes and has begun to show demonstrable improvements in a number of practice areas. The program is relevant to a variety of HCPs working in diverse practice settings and is relatively inexpensive to implement. Like all practice improvement programs in health care settings, a number of challenges emerged stemming from the high turnover of staff and the limited capacity of some practitioners to take on anything beyond direct patient care. Efforts to address these challenges have been added to subsequent cohorts of the program and ongoing evaluation will examine if they are successful. The KT Challenge program has continued to garner great interest among practitioners, even in the midst of dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic, and shows promise for organizations looking for better ways to mobilize knowledge to improve patient care and empower staff. This study contributes to the implementation science literature by providing a description and evaluation of a new model for embedding KT practice skills in health care settings.


Author(s):  
Tinne Dilles ◽  
Jana Heczkova ◽  
Styliani Tziaferi ◽  
Ann Karin Helgesen ◽  
Vigdis Abrahamsen Grøndahl ◽  
...  

Pharmaceutical care necessitates significant efforts from patients, informal caregivers, the interprofessional team of health care professionals and health care system administrators. Collaboration, mutual respect and agreement amongst all stakeholders regarding responsibilities throughout the complex process of pharmaceutical care is needed before patients can take full advantage of modern medicine. Based on the literature and policy documents, in this position paper, we reflect on opportunities for integrated evidence-based pharmaceutical care to improve care quality and patient outcomes from a nursing perspective. Despite the consensus that interprofessional collaboration is essential, in clinical practice, research, education and policy-making challenges are often not addressed interprofessionally. This paper concludes with specific advises to move towards the implementation of more interprofessional, evidence-based pharmaceutical care.


2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Mauldon

This paper reports on the attitudes of a sample of health care providers towards the use of telehealth to support rural patients and integrate rural primary health and urban hospital care. Telehealth and other information technologies hold the promise of improving the quality of care for people in rural and remote areas and for supporting rural primary health care providers. While seemingly beneficial for rural patients, study participants believed that telehealth remains underused and poorly integrated into their practice. In general, participants thought that telehealth is potentially beneficial but places constraints on their activities, and few actually used it. Published literature usually reports either on the success of telehealth pilot projects or initiatives that are well resourced and do not reflect the constraints of routine practice, or has an international focus limiting its relevance to the Australian context. Because of the paucity of systematic and generalisable research into the effects of the routine use of telehealth to support rural patients, it is unclear why health care professionals choose to provide such services or the costs and benefits they incur in doing so. Research and policy initiatives continue to be needed to identify the impact of telehealth within the context of Australian primary health care and to develop strategies to support its use.


2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Connolly ◽  
Joanne M. Thomas ◽  
Julie A. Orford ◽  
Nicola Schofield ◽  
Sigrid Whiteside ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iram Osman ◽  
Shaista Hamid ◽  
Veena S. Singaram

Background: During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, health professionals were pushed to the front line of a global health crisis unprepared and resource constrained, which affected their mental well-being.Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a brief online mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) on stress and burnout for health professionals training and working in South Africa during the COVID-19 crisis.Setting: The context of the study is the overburdened, under-resourced health care system in South Africa during a global pandemic.Methods: A mixed method framework was adopted for this study. The quantitative data was analysed using descriptive analysis and the participants’ qualitative experiences were interpreted using interpretative phenomenological analysis.Results: Forty-seven participants took part in this study. The study found a statistically significant (p 0.05) reduction in stress levels and emotional exhaustion as well as an increase in mindful awareness and feelings of personal accomplishment after the intervention. The participants’ shared experiences were analysed in two parts. The pre-intervention analysis presented with central themes of loss of control and a sense of powerlessness because of COVID-19. The post-intervention analysis comprised themes of a sense of acquired control and empowerment through increased mindfulness.Conclusions: The study found that a brief online MBI can be associated with reduced levels of stress and burnout as well as an increased sense of control and empowerment, felt both personally and professionally, during a global crisis.Contribution: The impact of an online MBI for health care professionals amidst a pandemic has not been previously documented.


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