scholarly journals Virgin Coconut Oil Improved Discriminative Learning and Working Memory in Aging Cycling and Non-Cycling Female Sprague-Dawley Rats Supporting Its Beneficial Effect in Retarding Age-Related Cognitive Decline

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (05) ◽  
pp. 97-112
Author(s):  
Lauriann Young ◽  
Brittany Smith ◽  
Annice Webber-Waugh ◽  
Karen Thaxter
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Discriminative Learning ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Virgin Coconut Oil ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Age Related Cognitive Decline

scholarly journals Effect of Virgin Coconut Oil Supplementation on Obese Rats’ Anthropometrical Parameters and Gut Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes Change Ratio

CORD ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Amadeus Driando Ahnan
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Virgin Coconut Oil ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Standard Curve ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Previous clinical trials using virgin coconut oil (VCO) showed a potential anti-obesity effect, including for human, by reducing the waist circumference. However, there was not discovered any research that examined its anti-obesity effect in relation with gut microbiota parameters as one of current approaches of obesity parameters, for example Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. This research was conducted to examine the effect of VCO supplementation on the change of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes in comparison to the anthropometrical parameters. The experiment was done using 14 days obese-induced female Sprague-Dawley rats supplemented with 0.01% w/w and 0.02% w/w VCO for 28 days. The anthropometric data collection consisted of body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), abdominal circumference (AC), and body length (BL). Ratio changes in –fold increase between Day 28 and Day 0 of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were retrieved by using relative quantification normalized against unit mass calculation, using the cycle threshold values from real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method with SYBR Green fluorescence and standard curve derived from tenfold 5 points dilution series of recombinant plasmid for efficiency calculation. VCO supplementation stimulated significant increase on anthropometric parameters on BW and AC (p<0.05), while insignificant changes were shown on Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes ratio with tendency of increasing and decreasing respectfully, with no significance. The result indicated that VCO supplementation in the given doses promoted pro-obesity effect on key anthropometric parameters, while showed potential anti-obesity effect on the gut microbiota parameter. Further researches were needed especially in determining the effective dose to promote the anti-obesity effect of VCO and revealing any possible cellular and molecular mechanisms.

scholarly journals NR2A-Containing NMDARs in the Prefrontal Cortex Are Required for Working Memory and Associated with Age-Related Cognitive Decline

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (50) ◽  
pp. 12537-12548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph A. McQuail ◽  
B. Sofia Beas ◽  
Kyle B. Kelly ◽  
Kailey L. Simpson ◽  
Charles J. Frazier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Cognitive Decline

VStore: A Novel Virtual Reality Assessment of Functional Cognition (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilla Alexandra Porffy ◽  
Mitul A. Mehta ◽  
Joel Patchitt ◽  
Celia Boussebaa ◽  
Jack Brett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Paired Associate ◽  
Model Fitting ◽  
Paired Associate Learning ◽  
Associate Learning ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Cognitive Decline

BACKGROUND Cognitive deficits are present in a number of neuropsychiatric disorders including, Alzheimer’s disease, schizophrenia and depression. Assessments used to measure cognition in these disorders are time-consuming, burdensome, and have low ecological validity. To address these limitations, we developed a novel virtual reality shopping task – VStore. OBJECTIVE This study aims to establish the concurrent and construct validity of VStore in relation to the established computerized cognitive battery, Cogstate; and tests its sensitivity to age related cognitive decline. METHODS Hundred and four healthy volunteers aged 20-79 completed both assessments. Main VStore outcomes included: 1) verbal recall of 12 grocery items, 2) time to collect items, 3) time to select items on a self-checkout machine, 4) time to make the payment, 5) time to order coffee, and 6) total completion time. To establish concurrent validity, bivariate correlations were performed between VStore outcomes and Cogstate tasks measuring attention, processing speed, verbal and visual learning, working memory, executive function, and paired associate learning. Construct validity analysis was also performed to examine which cognitive domains best predicted VStore performance. Finally, two ridge regression models were built using VStore outcomes in the first, and Cogstate outcomes in the second model as predictors of biological age to compare their sensitivity to age-related cognitive decline. RESULTS We found moderate correlations between VStore and Cogstate outcomes. VStore Total Time was best explained by tasks measuring working memory and paired associate learning, in addition to age and technological familiarity, accounting for 46% of the variance. Finally, with λ = 5.16, the model fitting selected five parameters for VStore when predicting biological age (MSE = 185.8, SE= 19.34). With λ = 9.49 for Cogstate, the model fitting selected all eight tasks (MSE = 226.8, SE = 23.48). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that VStore is a promising assessment that engages standard cognitive domains and is sensitive to age-related cognitive decline. CLINICALTRIAL NA

scholarly journals Lifelong Learning

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mackenzie Robinson Graves
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Cognitive Load Theory ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Worked Examples ◽  
Strategy Development ◽  
Load Theory ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Cognitive Decline

The struggles faced by elder learners suffering from age-related cognitive decline are often overlooked by instructional designers. However, existing educational theories that already inform learning strategy development for other populations should also help establish instructional methods used to help elder learners. In this article, cognitive load theory frames an exploration of proposed means to slow or counteract the effects of age-related cognitive decline in elder learners. Attention is given to the ways in which multimedia learning methods adhering to certain principles of cognitive load theory can increase available working memory capacity. Evidence is provided to show that cognitive load theory-based practices can also facilitate one’s activation of prior knowledge and betters one’s attentional control. Additionally, elder learners benefit from tasks that include worked examples and goal-free problems, whereas conventional, goal-oriented problems impose greater extraneous load on an already taxed working memory. The outcomes of the present analysis can also be applied to stroke victims’ rehabilitation plans and may offer implications for individuals suffering from other brain injuries, attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder, or dementia-related illnesses.

Processing Speed, Inhibitory Control, and Working Memory: Three Important Factors to Account for Age-Related Cognitive Decline

2008 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arturo X. Pereiro Rozas ◽  
Onésimo Juncos-Rabadán ◽  
María Soledad Rodríguez González
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Cognitive Tasks ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Best Fitting ◽  
Age Related Cognitive Decline ◽  
Fitting Model

Processing speed, inhibitory control and working memory have been identified as the main possible culprits of age-related cognitive decline. This article describes a study of their interrelationships and dependence on age, including exploration of whether any of them mediates between age and the others. We carried out a LISREL analysis of the performance of 79 participants of low educational level aged 40–91 years in six cognitive tasks. In the best mediational model the effects of age on inhibitory control and working memory are largely mediated by its effect on processing speed. However, in the best-fitting model age has only direct effects on processing speed, working memory, and inhibitory control.

scholarly journals Effectiveness Of Stepping Dose Ozonated Virgin Coconut Oil For Wound Healing In Autologous Full Thickness Skin Graft In Terms Of Fibroblast Proliferation And The Expression Of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor In Sprague Dawley Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-38
Author(s):  
Johan Rinto Even Napitupulu ◽  
Hardian Hardian ◽  
Najatullah Najatullah
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Skin Graft ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Virgin Coconut Oil ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Abstract Background: Now, Skin grafts are one of the therapies of choice in the wound healing process. And this is still developing today. The process of formation fibroblas and the formation of vascular endothelial growth factor have an important role in healing skin graft wounds. Ozonated virgin coconut oil has an important role in wound healing. Objective: To prove the effect of ozonated virgin coconut oil in various doses in increasing number of fibroblas and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor of skin graft wounds. Methods: This study is an experimental study with "Randomized parallel study with controlled group design" on 40 Sprague Dawley rats which are performed an autologous skin graft at the same time. Samples were divided randomly into 8 groups (K1 and K2 = without ozonated VCO), (A1 and A2 = ozonated VCO 50,4 mg/ml), (B1 and B2 = ozonated VCO  103,2 mg/ml), (C1 and C2  = ozonated VCO 204  mg/ml). Evaluation of the amount of fibroblas was done by staining hematoxylin & eosin after the 6th day and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor  was done by staining immunohistochemistry after the 12th  day after skin graft. Results: Statistical analysis of the amount of fibroblas after the 6th  day was found to be significantly different between the K1 vs A1 group (p = 0.029), K1 vs B1 (p = 0.004), K1 vs C1 (p = 0.000), on the 12th day was found significantly different the amount of fibroblast between K2 vs A2 ( p = 0,029 ), K2 vs B2 ( p = 0,010 ), K2 vs C2 ( p = 0,001 ). The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor on the 6th day was found a significant difference between the K1 vs A1 group (p = 0.024), K1 vs B1 (p = 0.005), K1 vs C1 (p = 0.001), on the 12th day was found significantly different the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor between K2 vs A2 ( p = 0,011 ), K2 vs B2 ( p = 0,036 ), K2 vs C2 ( p = 0,004 ) . Conclusion: Ozonated VCO can increase the amount of fibroblas and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor  in the wound healing process of autologous skin graft in Sprague Dawley rats. Keywords: Ozonated VCO, full thickness skin graft, fibroblas, VEGF.

VIRGIN COCONUT OIL MODULATES TCD4+ AND TCD8+ CELL PROFILE OF DOXORUBICIN-INDUCED IMMUNE-SUPPRESSED RATS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Jansen Silalahi ◽  
Rosidah Rosidah ◽  
Rosidah Rosidah ◽  
Yuandani Yuandani ◽  
Yuandani Yuandani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Virgin Coconut Oil ◽  
Drug Of Choice ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Cell Profile

 Objective: Doxorubicin (DOX) is a drug of choice in many cancer therapies. Virgin coconut oil (VCO) is one of nutraceutical which has many biology activities. This current study was carried out to investigate the VCO activity in modulating TCD4+, and TCD8+ cells profile toward rats which induced by DOX.Methods: A total of 15 Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups consisting of five rats each as follows: Group 1, receiving oral saline 10 mL Kg BW (control group); Group 2, receiving oral saline 10 mL/kg BW; and Group 3, receiving VCO 5 mL/kg BW. Group 2 and 3 were administered with DOX intramuscularly at dose 4.67 mg/kg BW at day 1 and 4 to suppressed immune functions.Results: Treatment of VCO 5 mL/kg BW succeeded in reducing a side effect of DOX based on increasing the TCD4+ and TCD8+ blood level.Conclusion: The results reveal that VCO could increase the level of TCD4+ and TCD8+ in rats which induced by DOX.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document