scholarly journals Microbial Analysis of Drinking Water from Randomly Selected Boreholes and Shallow Wells around Hargeisa, Somaliland

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Mohamud Ahmed Farah ◽  
Essam Abdulmuhsin Afifi ◽  
Nadira Harir Omar ◽  
Ahmed Hussein Essa
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Shallow Wells ◽  
Microbial Analysis

scholarly journals Occurrence of carcinogenic illudane glycosides in drinking water wells

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasa Skrbic ◽  
Vaidotas Kisielius ◽  
Ann-Katrin Pedersen ◽  
Sarah C. B. Christensen ◽  
Mathilde J. Hedegaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Deep Groundwater ◽  
Hydrolysis Products ◽  
First Finding ◽  
Water Wells ◽  
Shallow Wells ◽  
Great Health ◽  
Groundwater Wells

Abstract Background Ptaquiloside (PTA), caudatoside (CAU) and ptesculentoside (PTE) are carcinogenic illudane glycosides found in bracken ferns (Pteridium spp.) world-wide. The environmentally mobile PTA entails both acute and chronic toxicity. A comparable risk might be associated with the structurally similar CAU and PTE. It is of great health concern if these compounds are present in drinking water, however, it is currently unknown if these compounds can detected in wells in bracken-dominated regions. This study investigates the presence of PTA, CAU, PTE, and their corresponding hydrolysis products pterosins B (PtB), A (PtA) and G (PtG) in water wells in Denmark, Sweden and Spain. Water samples from a total of 77 deep groundwater wells (40–100 m) and shallow water wells (8–40 m) were collected and preserved in the field, pre-concentrated in the laboratory and analysed by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS). Results Deep groundwater wells contained neither illudane glycosides nor their pterosins. However, seven private shallow wells contained at least one of the illudane glycosides and/or pterosins at concentrations up to 0.27 µg L−1 (PTA), 0.75 µg L−1 (CAU), 0.05 µg L−1 (PtB), 0.03 µg L−1 (PtA) and 0.28 µg L−1 (PtG). This is the first finding of illudane glycosides and pterosins in drinking water wells. Conclusions Detected concentrations of illudane glycosides in some of investigated wells exceeded the suggested maximum tolerable concentrations of PTA, although they were used for drinking water purpose. Contaminated wells were shallow with neutral pH and lower electric conductivity compared to deep groundwater wells with no illudane glycosides nor pterosins.

scholarly journals Influence of hydraulic regimes and Cl2/NH3-N mass ratios on the bacterial structure and composition in an experimental flow cell chloraminated drinking water system

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 977-992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Shi ◽  
Akintunde Babatunde ◽  
Bettina Bockelmann-Evans ◽  
Gordon Webster
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water System ◽  
Flow Cell ◽  
System P ◽  
Drinking Water System ◽  
Mass Ratios ◽  
Bacterial Structure ◽  
Microbial Analysis

A novel microbial analysis regarding impacts of hydraulic regimes and Cl2/NH3-N mass ratios is provided for an experimental chloraminated DWDS experiencing nitrification.

scholarly journals Physical, chemical and microbial analysis of bottled drinking water

2012 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 111 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Sasikaran ◽  
K Sritharan ◽  
S Balakumar ◽  
V Arasaratnam
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Bottled Drinking Water ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Microbial Analysis

scholarly journals Physical-chemical and microbiological analysis of water from shallow wells in Imperatriz (MA), Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Anderson Gomes Nascimento Santana ◽  
Cecilia Nahomi Kawagoe Suda ◽  
Jairo Rodrigues Santana Nascimento ◽  
Gannabathula Sree Vani
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Oil And Grease ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Shallow Wells ◽  
Basic Sanitation ◽  
Chloride Sulfate ◽  
Origin Of Oil ◽  
High Level

The quality of groundwater from Imperatriz (MA) is little known. This work investigated microbiological contaminants (total coliforms and Escherichia coli) and the levels of 10 physicochemical parameters in 10 wells located in the urban periphery of the municipality of Imperatriz. The counts of E. coli and total coliforms were ≥ 1600 CFU mL-1 in all the wells. Levels of chloride, sulfate, hardness and turbidity levels were below the maximum allowed for drinking water. However, levels of iron (0.46 – 1.75 mg L-1) and pH (5.02 – 5.92) were not in compliance with drinking water standards in all the wells investigated. The same was observed in relation to oil and grease in water (0.0 – 6.8 mg L-1), which were detected in 40% of the wells. Levels of nitrite (0.71 – 3.84 mg L-1), nitrate (4.16 – 13.52 mg L-1) and total dissolved solids (810 – 2060 mg L-1) were above the highest limit in 50%, 60% and 70% of wells, respectively. The acidic pH observed in all the wells makes them also unsuitable for animal intake and irrigation. The acidity and the high level of iron in all wells suggest that they are natural characteristics of the soil and the groundwater of the region. Contamination with nitrite and nitrate in some wells, as well as high counts of coliforms, may be related to deficiencies in basic sanitation in the area. The origin of oil and grease in the wells should be better investigated to avoid contamination of the water table.

scholarly journals Quality Assessment of Three Types of Drinking Water Sources in Guinea-Bissau

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (19) ◽  
pp. 7254
Author(s):  
Aducabe Bancessi ◽  
Luís Catarino ◽  
Maria José Silva ◽  
Armindo Ferreira ◽  
Elizabeth Duarte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Chromium Concentration ◽  
Residual Chlorine ◽  
Waterborne Diseases ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Guinea Bissau ◽  
Piped Water ◽  
Shallow Wells ◽  
Important Health

The lack of access to safe drinking water causes important health problems, mainly in developing countries. In the West African country Guinea-Bissau, waterborne diseases are recognised by WHO as major infectious diseases. This study analysed the microbiological and physicochemical parameters of drinking water in the capital Bissau and its surroundings. Twenty-two sites belonging to different water sources (piped water, tubewells and shallow wells) were surveyed twice a day for three weeks, in both dry and wet seasons. Most of the microbiological parameters were out of the acceptable ranges in all types of water and both seasons and tended to worsen in the wet season. Moreover, in Bissau, the levels of faecal contamination in piped water increased from the holes to the consumer (tap/fountain). Several physicochemical variables showed values out of the internationally accepted ranges. Both well sources showed low-pH water (4.87–5.59), with high nitrite and iron levels in the wet season and high hexavalent chromium concentration in the dry season. The residual chlorine never reached the minimum recommended level in any of the water sources or seasons, suggesting a high risk of contamination. Results reveal a lack of quality in the three water sources analysed, coherent with the high number of diarrheal cases in the country. There is an urgent need to improve sanitarian conditions to reduce the disease burden caused by these waterborne illnesses.

scholarly journals Inequitable allocation of deep community wells for reducing arsenic exposure in Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. van Geen ◽  
K. M. Ahmed ◽  
E. B. Ahmed ◽  
I. Choudhury ◽  
M. R. Mozumder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Arsenic Exposure ◽  
World Health ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Deep Wells ◽  
Shallow Wells ◽  
The Government ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Private Wells

Community wells that extend deeper than most private wells are crucial for reducing exposure to groundwater arsenic (As) in rural Bangladesh. This study evaluates the impact on access to safe drinking water of 915 such intermediate (90–150 m) and deep (>150 m) wells across a 180 km2 area where a total of 48,790 tubewells were tested with field kits in 2012–13. Half the shallow private wells meet the Bangladesh standard of 50 μg/L for As in drinking water, whereas 92% of the intermediate and deep wells meet the more restrictive World Health Organization guideline for As in drinking water of 10 μg/L. As a proxy for water access, distance calculations show that 29% of shallow wells with >50 μg/L As are located within walking distance (100 m) of at least one of the 915 intermediate or deep wells. Similar calculations for a hypothetical more even distribution of deep wells show that 74% of shallow wells with >50 μg/L As could have been located within 100 m of the same number of deep wells. These observations and well-usage data suggest that community wells in Araihazar, and probably elsewhere in Bangladesh, were not optimally allocated by the government because of elite capture.

scholarly journals Drinking water quality and source reliability in rural Ashanti region, Ghana

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghan Arnold ◽  
James A. VanDerslice ◽  
Brooke Taylor ◽  
Scott Benson ◽  
Sam Allen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Rural Villages ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Shallow Wells ◽  
Bacteriological Testing ◽  
Local Water

Site-specific information about local water sources is an important part of a community-driven effort to improve environmental conditions. The purpose of this assessment was to gather this information for residents of rural villages in Ghana. Sanitary surveys and bacteriological testing for total coliforms and Escherichia coli (EC) using Colilert® were conducted at nearly 80 water sources serving eight villages. A focus group was carried out to assess the desirability and perceived quality of water sources. Standpipes accounted for almost half of the available water sources; however, a third of them were not functioning at the time of the survey. EC bacteria were found in the majority of shallow wells (80%), rivers (67%), and standpipes (61%), as well as 28% of dug wells. Boreholes were free of EC. Residents felt that the standpipes and boreholes produced safe drinking water. Intermittent service and poor water quality from the piped supply has led to limited access to drinking water. The perception of residents, that the water from standpipes is clean and does not need to be treated at home, is particularly troubling in light of the poor bacteriological quality of water from the standpipes.

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