The Effect of Oxygenated Diesel Blends on Combustion Process and Performance Parameters in a Single Cylinder Diesel Engine

Transportation is one of the major contributors to the world’s energy consumption and greenhouse gases emissions. The need for increased efficiency has placed diesel engine in the spotlight due to its superior thermal efficiency and fuel economy over gasoline engine. However, diesel engines also face the major disadvantage of increased NOx emissions. To address this issue, three types of emulsion fuels with different water concentrations (5%, 10% and 15% mass water) are produced and tested. Novel organic materials (glycerin and ployethoxy-ester) are added in the fuel to provide extra oxygen for improving combustion. NP-15 is added as surfactant which can help to reduce the oil and water surface tension, activates their surface, and maximizes their superficial contact areas, thereby forming a continuous and finely dispersed droplets phase. The stability of the emulsion fuels is tested under various environmental temperature for one year, and no significant separation is observed. It is better than normal emulsion fuel which can only maintain the state for up to three months. The combustion process and performance of the emulsion fuels are tested in a four-stroke, four cylinder diesel engine. The results indicate that the water droplets enclosed in the emulsion fuel explode at high temperature environment and help to break up the big oil droplets into smaller ones, thereby significantly increase the surface area of the oil droplets and enhance the heat transfer from hot gas to the fuel. As a result, the fuel evaporation is improved and the combustion process is accelerated, leading to an improved brake thermal efficiency (up to 14.2%). Meanwhile, the presence of the water causes the peak temperature of the flame to drop, thereby significantly bringing down the NOx emissions by more than 30%.

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Preliminary investigation on fuel related properties of clove stem oil–diesel blended fuels and performance parameters of diesel engine

Journal of the Energy Institute ◽

10.1179/174602206x117788 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 79 (3) ◽

pp. 158-165

Author(s):

M. Mbarawa ◽

A. I. Haji

Keyword(s):

Diesel Engine ◽

Preliminary Investigation ◽

Performance Parameters ◽

And Performance ◽

Blended Fuels

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Multi objective optimization of performance parameters of a single cylinder diesel engine with hydrogen as a dual fuel using pareto-based genetic algorithm

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy ◽

10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.03.045 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 39 (15) ◽

pp. 8063-8077 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Madhujit Deb ◽

Rahul Banerjee ◽

Arindam Majumder ◽

G.R.K. Sastry

Keyword(s):

Genetic Algorithm ◽

Diesel Engine ◽

Dual Fuel ◽

Performance Parameters ◽

Multi Objective Optimization ◽

Single Cylinder ◽

Multi Objective

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Investigation of Fuel Spray Propagation, Combustion and Soot Formation/Oxidation in a Single Cylinder Medium Speed Diesel Engine

ASME 2012 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference ◽

10.1115/icef2012-92038 ◽

2012 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Fridolin Unfug ◽

Uwe Wagner ◽

Kai W. Beck ◽

Juergen Pfeil ◽

Ulf Waldenmaier ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diesel Engine ◽

Diesel Engines ◽

High Speed ◽

Liquid Fuel ◽

Combustion Process ◽

Fuel Spray ◽

Soot Concentration ◽

Single Cylinder ◽

Medium Speed ◽

532 Nm

To fulfil strict emission regulations and the need for higher efficiency of future Diesel engines require an optimized combustion process. Optical investigations represent a powerful tool for getting a better understanding of the ongoing processes. For medium speed Diesel engines, optical investigations are relatively rare or not available. The “Institut für Kolbenmaschinen” (IFKM) and MAN Diesel & Turbo SE performed extensive optical in-situ investigations of the injection and combustion process of a MAN 32/44 CR single cylinder medium speed Diesel engine that provide previously unavailable insights into the ongoing processes. The optical investigations aimed on fuel spray visualization, high-speed soot luminescence measurement and two colour pyrometry applied for five combustion chamber regions. To apply the optical measurement techniques, two optical accesses were designed. Access no. 1 is placed near the cylinder liner. Access no. 2 is located close to the injector in a 46° angle to the cylinder vertical axis. An insert was used which consists of an illumination port and a visualization endoscope. Additionally some special nozzle designs were used beside the standard nozzle, which have one separated nozzle hole. This enables a simultaneous view from both optical accesses on the same flame cone. For Mie-Scattering investigation a pulsed Nd:YAG-Laser with 532 nm wavelength was used for illumination and a CCD-camera with an upstream 532 nm optical filter was used for visualization. This combination allows observing the liquid fuel distribution even after start of combustion. Penetration depth of liquid fuel spray was analysed for different swirl numbers, intake manifold pressures, injection timings and injection pressures. High-speed flame visualization was done by two CMOS cameras which were mounted at two different optical accesses with view on the same flame cone. Due to this application a simultaneous measurement of the flame distribution of two different views was possible. This enables a 3-dimensional investigation of the flame propagation process. In addition, the advanced two colour pyrometry was applied for five different regions of the same flame cone. Due to a calibration after each measurement the absolute radiant flux can be calculated and thus the absolute temperature and soot concentration. With this procedure it was possible to give a real temperature and soot concentration distribution of the flame cone. To provide more detailed information about the combustion process, selected engine operation points were simulated with a modified version of the CFD code KIVA3v-Release2 at the IFKM. The simulated results were compared to the measured data.

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Optimization of Inlet and Exhaust Manifold on a Single Cylinder Diesel Engine to Enhance the Combustion

International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering - Special Issue ◽

10.35940/ijitee.a1004.0881019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (10) ◽

pp. 1408-1411

Keyword(s):

Diesel Engine ◽

Direct Injection ◽

Combustion Process ◽

Fuel Mixture ◽

Exhaust Valve ◽

Intake Manifold ◽

Power Stroke ◽

Depth Of Cut ◽

Exhaust Manifold ◽

Single Cylinder

In the internal combustion Diesel engines the most important subsystem is Intake manifold and Exhaust manifold. In the intake manifold which supplies fresh air –fuel mixture in to the cylinders where combustion takes place at high temperature and high pressure. After exhaust gases scavenged through valves from the cylinders, these gases past exhaust manifold an outlet, through which the gases flow into exhaust pipes from there to the emission control equipment of engine which consists of catalytic and thermal converters. The development of swirl can be enhanced by re-designing of inlet port of an Engine. There is further development in the swirl due to combustion process to another maximum part way in to the power stroke. Swirl can promotes the combustion process in a better way and causes efficiency increase. Better mixing of air – fuel there is a little bit changing the inlet and exhaust valve. Valve stem diameter is 9.5mm, Inlet valve diameter is 36mm, Exhaust Valve diameter is 28mm by varying the pitch 1.0mm to 2mm and thread depth of cut as 4mm and three thread per inch from this arrangement to investigate the performance by enhancing the swirl of air flow to get betterment in the performance and decrease in emissions in a (DI) direct injection diesel engine with single cylinder when compared with normal engine.

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The effect of fusel-biodiesel blends on the emissions and performance of a single cylinder diesel engine

Fuel ◽

10.1016/j.fuel.2020.118438 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 279 ◽

pp. 118438

Author(s):

Raslan A. Alenezi ◽

Erdiwansyah ◽

Rizalman Mamat ◽

A.M. Norkhizan ◽

G. Najafi

Keyword(s):

Diesel Engine ◽

Biodiesel Blends ◽

Single Cylinder ◽

And Performance ◽

Emissions And Performance

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Experimental Investigation of Combustion Characteristics of a Single Cylinder Diesel Engine at Altitude

Journal of Energy Resources Technology ◽

10.1115/1.4050575 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-21

Author(s):

Zhentao Liu ◽

Jinlong Liu

Keyword(s):

Diesel Engine ◽

Combustion Process ◽

Pressure Rise ◽

Combustion Characteristics ◽

Atmospheric Conditions ◽

Single Cylinder ◽

Combustion Duration ◽

Rise Rate ◽

Heavy Duty Diesel ◽

Intake Pressure

Abstract Concern over the change of atmospheric conditions at high altitudes prompted interests in the deteriorated efficiency and emissions from heavy-duty diesel engines. This study utilized a single-cylinder, four stroke, direct injected diesel engine to experimentally investigate the altitude effects on combustion characteristics. High altitude operations were simulated via reducing the intake pressure but maintaining constant engine speed and torque. The results suggested reduced in-cylinder pressure but increased temperature as altitude rose. The combustion analysis indicated a slight longer ignition delay, raising and retarding the pressure rise rate and energy release rate in the premixed combustion process. A smaller excess air ratio contributed to combustion deterioration, reflected from a retarded end of combustion, a longer combustion duration, a reduced thermal efficiency, and an increased level of incomplete combustion. However, the phasing and combustion profile were not significantly impacted, when the altitude was elevated from sea level to 2000m, at least for the engine and conditions investigated in this study. Consequently, it is not necessary to adjust the engine ECU when operated in the U.S., considering that the mean elevations of most states are lower than 2000m.

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