A Novel Experimental Approach to Increase Shell Stiffness of Double Layered Critically Shaped Automotive Muffler for Optimizing Shell Radiation Noise in a Cost Effective Way

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umesh Audumbar Sadekar ◽  
Uttam shingate ◽  
Ranjit Patil
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Radiation Noise

Optimization of Mineral Nutrition in a Coconut Plantation Taking an Experimental Approach in situ

1996 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-418
Author(s):  
X. Bonneau
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Leaf Analysis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Set Up

SUMMARYOver several decades agronomists have developed a mineral nutrition management method for perennial oil crops based on leaf analysis combined with reference field trials. This method has been used in a coconut plantation on the peats of the east coast of Sumatra to optimize mineral nutrition in a very short time, at minimum cost and with maximum reliability, through successive adjustments of the fertilizer schedules. Two reference trials were set up to study a wide range of mineral nutrients assumed to be deficient on this area. Further experiments were set up as new nutritional problems occurred at the plantation, and as soon as the first results were obtained from these two trials. In this way, the iron and copper deficiency problems at the plantation were dealt with satisfactorily taking an experimental approach. New experiments were set up recently to test the hypothesis of a silicon deficiency. The fertilization schedules for the commercial plantation were developed by successive adjustments based on the trial results. Leaf analysis data showed that the coconut palms in the commercial plots always complied with the experimental models. In addition to being rapid and reliable, this method was also cost-effective, especially when larger areas were involved.

scholarly journals Integrated in Silico and Experimental Approach towards the Design of a Novel Recombinant Protein Containing an Anti-HER2 scFv

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 3547
Author(s):  
Joana Santos ◽  
Miguel Cardoso ◽  
Irina S. Moreira ◽  
João Gonçalves ◽  
João D. G. Correia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recombinant Protein ◽  
Recombinant Proteins ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Antibody Fragment ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
Single Chain ◽  
In Silico Studies ◽  
Molecular Modeling And Docking

Biological therapies, such as recombinant proteins, are nowadays amongst the most promising approaches towards precision medicine. One of the most innovative methodologies currently available aimed at improving the production yield of recombinant proteins with minimization of costs relies on the combination of in silico studies to predict and deepen the understanding of the modified proteins with an experimental approach. The work described herein aims at the design and production of a biomimetic vector containing the single-chain variable domain fragment (scFv) of an anti-HER2 antibody fragment as a targeting motif fused with HIV gp41. Molecular modeling and docking studies were performed to develop the recombinant protein sequence. Subsequently, the DNA plasmid was produced and HEK-293T cells were transfected to evaluate the designed vector. The obtained results demonstrated that the plasmid construction is robust and can be expressed in the selected cell line. The multidisciplinary integrated in silico and experimental strategy adopted for the construction of a recombinant protein which can be used in HER2+-targeted therapy paves the way towards the production of other therapeutic proteins in a more cost-effective way.

Initial Study On The Implementation Of Reflection Method In Ultrasonic Tomography

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khairul Hamimah Abas ◽  
Hudabiyah Mohammad ◽  
Jaysuman Pusppanathan ◽  
Ruzairi Abdul Rahim
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Initial Study ◽  
Ultrasonic Tomography ◽  
Medical Ultrasound ◽  
Reflection Method ◽  
Ultrasound Probe ◽  
Digital Oscilloscope ◽  
Ultrasonic Scanner ◽  
Ultrasonic Transmitter

Matlamat utama projek ini adalah untuk mereka bentuk suatu sistem pengimbas ultrasonik dengan menggunakan kaedah pantulan yang dijana dan diterima oleh alatan ultrasonik yang lazim digunakan di dalam bidang perubatan. Disebabkan oleh kos yang tinggi dan konfigurasi yang rumit bagi sesetengah alat-alat perubatan yang berjenama seperti Philips dan Brauns, sistem pengimbas ultrasonik yang direkabentuk dalam projek ini adalah berhasrat untuk mengurangkan kos dan juga memudahkan konfigurasi. Pada asasnya, sistem pengimbas ultrasonik terdiri daripada dua bahagian; pemancar dan penerima. Dalam projek ini, satu mikropengawal pengimbas ultrasonik perubatan yang telah dipilih. Isyarat pantulan yang dikesan penerima pengimbas ultrasonik perubatan diperhatikan dengan menggunakan osiloskop digital. Sistem pengimbas yang direka kemudian diuji dengan mengimbas sebuah betik. Kata kunci: Tomography ultrasonik; pantulan; gambaran perubatan; pengimbas ultrasonik; pendekatan secara eksperimen The main purpose of this project is to design an ultrasonic scanner system which implements the reflection method through a medical ultrasound probe. Due to the high–cost and complex configuration of some of the well–known names in medical devices; such as Philips, and Brauns, the ultrasonic scanner system in this project is aimed to be cost effective and simple. Basically, the ultrasonic scanner system consists of two parts; the transmitter and the receiver. In this project, a PIC microcontroller was used in the transmitter circuit in order to produce a 2 MHz signal to excite the 2.25 MHz ultrasonic transmitter that exists in the medical ultrasound probe that had been selected, whereas the output or the reflected signal was obtain by tapping at the receiver of the medical ultrasound probe and was observed by using a digital oscilloscope. The ultrasonic scanner system was later tested by scanning a papaya. This project was verified by obtaining the reflected signals that resulted from the papaya scanning tests. Key words: Ultrasonic tomography; reflective; medical imaging; ultrasound probe; experimental approach

Optimization of Mineral Nutrition in a Coconut Plantation Taking an Experimental Approach in situ

1996 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-418
Author(s):  
X. Bonneau
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Leaf Analysis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Set Up

SUMMARYOver several decades agronomists have developed a mineral nutrition management method for perennial oil crops based on leaf analysis combined with reference field trials. This method has been used in a coconut plantation on the peats of the east coast of Sumatra to optimize mineral nutrition in a very short time, at minimum cost and with maximum reliability, through successive adjustments of the fertilizer schedules. Two reference trials were set up to study a wide range of mineral nutrients assumed to be deficient on this area. Further experiments were set up as new nutritional problems occurred at the plantation, and as soon as the first results were obtained from these two trials. In this way, the iron and copper deficiency problems at the plantation were dealt with satisfactorily taking an experimental approach. New experiments were set up recently to test the hypothesis of a silicon deficiency. The fertilization schedules for the commercial plantation were developed by successive adjustments based on the trial results. Leaf analysis data showed that the coconut palms in the commercial plots always complied with the experimental models. In addition to being rapid and reliable, this method was also cost-effective, especially when larger areas were involved.

Kinematic Drape Algorithm and Experimental Approach for the Design of Tailored Non-Crimp Fabrics

2015 ◽  
Vol 651-653 ◽  
pp. 393-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helga Krieger ◽  
Dorit Kaufmann ◽  
Thomas Gries
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Shear Stiffness ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Bending Stiffness ◽  
Component Part ◽  
Structural Part ◽  
Flat Surfaces ◽  
High Structural Stability ◽  
Manufacturing Parameters

In the preforming process, the textile is draped into the geometry of the structural part and afterwards consolidated with resin via injection. For preforming processes non-crimp fabrics (NCFs) have become increasingly popular for cost effective applications. For the realization of automated draping of two-dimensional textiles into three-dimensional complex geometries during the preforming process there is a high advantage for the use of tailored textiles compared to textiles with uniform material properties. Large flat surfaces require a high bending stiffness and low shear stiffness due to high structural stability of the textile and small radii of curvature require a low bending stiffness due to good drapeability of the textile. The bending and the shear stiffness of NCFs with a given layup can be influenced by the manufacturing parameters of the knitting yarn. With tailored NCFs it is possible to adapt the manufacturing parameters of the knitting yarn locally in the production direction to improve drapeability and handling of the textile in the preforming process. To use the high potential of tailored NCFs, the development of the new textile structure has to go hand in hand with the characterization and with the simulation of the draping process. An experimental approach and a modelling approach using a kinematic drape algorithm have been developed to define the local stitching parameters for tailored NCFs dependent on the geometry of the component part.

The application of electron microscopy to diagnosis in gynecologic neoplasms and tumor-like conditions

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 102-105
Author(s):  
Lawrence M. Roth
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Frozen Section ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Ultrastructural Examination ◽  
Specific Diagnosis ◽  
Potential Value ◽  
Gynecologic Neoplasms

The female reproductive tract may be the site of a wide variety of benign and malignant tumors, as well as non-neoplastic tumor-like conditions, most of which can be diagnosed by light microscopic examination including special stains and more recently immunoperoxidase techniques. Nevertheless there are situations where ultrastructural examination can contribute substantially to an accurate and specific diagnosis. It is my opinion that electron microscopy can be of greatest benefit and is most cost effective when applied in conjunction with other methodologies. Thus, I have developed an approach which has proved useful for me and may have benefit for others. In cases where it is deemed of potential value, glutaraldehyde-fixed material is obtained at the time of frozen section or otherwise at operation. Coordination with the gynecologic oncologist is required in the latter situation. This material is processed and blocked and is available if a future need arises.

Experimental Determination of the Effective Resolution Limit in Thick Specimens at High Voltages

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 664-665
Author(s):  
Mircea Fotino
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Chromatic Aberration ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Specimen Thickness ◽  
Resolution Limit ◽  
High Voltage Electron Microscopy ◽  
Voltage Electron ◽  
Resolution Level

The use of thick specimens (0.5 μm to 5.0 μm or more) is one of the most resourceful applications of high-voltage electron microscopy in biological research. However, the energy loss experienced by the electron beam in the specimen results in chromatic aberration and thus in a deterioration of the effective resolving power. This sets a limit to the maximum usable specimen thickness when investigating structures requiring a certain resolution level.An experimental approach is here described in which the deterioration of the resolving power as a function of specimen thickness is determined. In a manner similar to the Rayleigh criterion in which two image points are considered resolved at the resolution limit when their profiles overlap such that the minimum of one coincides with the maximum of the other, the resolution attainable in thick sections can be measured by the distance from minimum to maximum (or, equivalently, from 10% to 90% maximum) of the broadened profile of a well-defined step-like object placed on the specimen.

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