The Importance of Carbon Dioxide Emissions Legislation to the Future of the World Automobile Industry

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Cayot
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future

scholarly journals Characteristics of Wall Thickness Increase in Pipe Reduction Process Using Planetary Rolls

2012 ◽  
Vol 430-432 ◽  
pp. 1241-1247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuji Kotani ◽  
Shunsuke Kanai ◽  
Hisaki Watari
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Automotive Parts ◽  
Aluminum Pipe

In recent years, global warming has become a worldwide problem. The reduction of carbon dioxide emissions is a top priority for many companies in the manufacturing industry. In the automobile industry as well, the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions is one of the most important issues. Technology to reduce the weight of automotive parts improves the fuel economy of automobiles, and is an important technology for reducing carbon dioxide. Also, even if this weight reduction technology is applied to electric automobiles rather than gasoline automobiles, reducing energy consumption remains an important issue. Plastic processing of hollow pipes is one important technology for realizing the weight reduction of automotive parts. Ohashi et al. [1-2] present an example of research on pipe formation in which a process was carried out to enlarge a pipe diameter using a lost core, achieving the suppression of wall thickness reduction and greater pipe expansion than hydroforming. In this study, we investigated a method to increase the wall thickness of a pipe through pipe compression using planetary rolls. The establishment of a technology whereby the wall thickness of a pipe can be controlled without buckling the pipe is an important technology for the weight reduction of products. Using the finite element analysis method, we predicted that it would be possible to increase the compression of an aluminum pipe with a 3mm wall thickness by approximately 20%, and wall thickness by approximately 20% by pressing the hollow pipe with planetary rolls.

scholarly journals The U.S. Energy System and the Production of Sustainable Aviation Fuel From Clean Electricity

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan L. Male ◽  
Michael C. W. Kintner-Meyer ◽  
Robert S. Weber
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Aviation Fuel ◽  
Commercial Aviation ◽  
The Future ◽  
The U.S

Jet fuel is relatively small in terms of energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions (10% of U.S. transportation sector in 2021, expected to increase to 14% by 2050). Still airlines have ambitious goals to reduce their greenhouse footprints from carbon-neutral growth beginning this year to reducing greenhouse gas emission for international flights by 50% by 2050 compared to 2005 levels. The challenge is heightened by the longevity of the current fleet (30–50 years) and by the difficulty in electrifying the future fleet because only 5% of the commercial aviation greenhouse gas footprint is from regional flights that might, conceivably be electrified using foreseeable technology. Therefore, large amounts of sustainable aviation fuel will be needed to reach the aggressive targets set by airlines. Only 3 million gallons (11.4 ML) of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) (with a heat of combustion totaling about 400 TJ = 0.0004 EJ) was produced in the U.S. in 2019 for a 26 billion gallon per year market (3.6 EJ/year). Fischer-Tropsch and ethanol oligomerization (alcohol-to-jet) are considered for producing SAF, including the use of renewable electricity and carbon dioxide. In sequencing the energy transition, cleaning the U.S. grid is an important first step to have the largest greenhouse gas emissions reduction. While carbon dioxide and clean electricity can potentially provide the SAF in the future, an ethanol oligomerization option will require less energy.

scholarly journals Influence of Increasing Electrification of Passenger Vehicle Fleet on Carbon Dioxide Emissions in Finland

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 5032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antti Lajunen ◽  
Klaus Kivekäs ◽  
Jari Vepsäläinen ◽  
Kari Tammi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Passenger Vehicle ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Emission Analysis ◽  
The Future ◽  
Light Duty Vehicle ◽  
Vehicle Fleet

Different estimations have been presented for the amount of electric vehicles in the future. These estimations rarely take into account any realistic dynamics of the vehicle fleet. The objective of this paper is to analyze recently presented future scenarios about the passenger vehicle fleet estimations and create a foundation for the development of a fleet estimation model for passenger cars dedicated to the Finnish vehicle market conditions. The specific conditions of the Finnish light-duty vehicle fleet are taken into account as boundary conditions for the model development. The fleet model can be used for the estimation of emissions-optimal future vehicle fleets and the evaluation of the carbon dioxide emissions of transportation. The emission analysis was done for four different scenarios of the passenger vehicle fleet development in Finland. The results show that the high average age of the fleet and high number of older gasoline vehicles will slow down the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions during the next five to ten years even with a high adoption rate of electric vehicles. It can be concluded that lowering the average age, increasing biofuel mixing ratios, and increasing the amount of rechargeable electric vehicles are the most effective measures to reduce carbon dioxide emissions of the Finnish passenger vehicle fleet in the future.

Preparing for the Future: Reducing Gas Turbine Environmental Impact—IGTI Scholar Lecture

2010 ◽  
Vol 132 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas A. Cumpsty
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
The Future ◽  
Reduce Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Aircraft Propulsion

In the long term, the price of fuel will rise and it is now urgent to reduce carbon dioxide emissions to avoid catastrophic climate change. This lecture looks at power plant for electricity generation and aircraft propulsion, considering likely limits and possibilities for improvement. There are lessons from land-based gas turbines, which can be applied to aircraft, notably the small increases in efficiency from further increase in pressure ratio and turbine inlet temperature. Land-based gas turbines also point to the benefit of combining the properties of water with those of air to raise efficiency. Whereas the incentive to raise efficiency and reduce CO2 will force an increase in complexity of land-based power plant, the opportunities for this with aircraft are more limited. One of the opportunities with aircraft propulsion is to consider the whole aircraft operation and specification. Currently the specifications for new aircraft of take-off and climb thrust are not fully consistent with designing the engine for minimum fuel consumption and this will be addressed in some depth in the lecture. Preparing for the future entails alerting engineers to important possibilities and limitations associated with gas turbines which will mitigate climate change due to carbon dioxide emissions.

scholarly journals A Study of Linkage Effects and Environmental Impacts on Information and Communications Technology Industry between South Korea and USA: 2006–2015

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1043
Author(s):  
Junhwan Mun ◽  
Eungyeong Yun ◽  
Hangsok Choi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Information And Communications Technology ◽  
Communications Technology ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Forward Linkage ◽  
Ict Service ◽  
Ict Industry ◽  
Linkage Effects

This study examined the relationship among carbon dioxide emissions and linkage effects using Input–Output (IO) data of the information and communications technology (ICT) industry between South Korea and the USA. As we wanted to find out if the ICT industry, which the world is passionate about, is a sustainable industry. The linkage effects are analyzed to determine the impact of ICT industry on the national economy, and CO₂ emissions of the industry are analyzed to determine how much influence it has on air pollution. In addition, we classify ICT industry by ICT service and manufacturing industries as the key industries in Korea and the US. Data were collected from OECD ranging from 2006 to 2015 in order to quantitatively estimate backward linkage, forward linkage effect, and carbon dioxide emissions. The results indicated that ICT manufacturing industry in Korea has high backward and forward linkage effects. CO₂ emissions from ICT service is more than from ICT manufacturing in both Korea and the US. We wanted to find out if the ICT industry, which the world is passionate about, is a sustainable industry. As a contribution, ICT manufacturing and service industries in Korea and the United States are directly compared, and CO₂ emissions over 10 years are analyzed in a time series.

scholarly journals World-Economy Centrality and Carbon Dioxide Emissions: A New Look at the Position in the Capitalist World-System and Environmental Pollution

2010 ◽  
pp. 162-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Prew
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
World Economy ◽  
New World ◽  
World System ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Systems Perspective ◽  
The World ◽  
Immanuel Wallerstein

With the ever-growing concern of climate change, much attention has been paid to the factors driving carbon dioxide emissions. Previous research in the World-Systems perspective has identified a relationship between carbon dioxide emissions and position in the world-economy. This study intends to build on the previous research by developing a new, more parsimonious indicator of World-System position based on Immanuel Wallerstein’s theoretical concepts of incorporation and core-periphery processes. The new World-System indicator is derived from the centrality measure in network analysis based on import data from the International Monetary Fund’s Direction of Trade Statistics. Based on the theoretical concepts of core-periphery processes, carbon dioxide emissions are predicted to rise based on the predominance of energy-intensive, high-technology, core processes within the nation. The results tend to demonstrate a strong relationship between carbon dioxide emissions and position in the world-economy, and the new World-System position indicator is more strongly related with carbon dioxide emissions than Gross Domestic Product per capita.

scholarly journals Cutting the Carbon from Concrete

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (02) ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
R.P. Siegel
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Major Contributor ◽  
Research Teams ◽  
Concrete Production ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Global Carbon

Abstract The production of concrete is responsible, by some estimates, for as much as 10 percent of global carbon dioxide emissions, enough to be considered a major contributor. Given the impact that has now become apparent, research teams around the world are pursuing a number of impressive and effective technologies to reduce the carbon footprint of concrete production and use as a top priority. Some are being deployed cost-effectively today, while other, potentially even better solutions, are being developed in labs. This article delves deeper into some of these solutions and the challenges in their adoption.

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