scholarly journals A possible model for estimating birth length of babies from common parental variables using a sample of families in Lagos, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 349-56
Author(s):  
Idowu Adewumi Taiwo ◽  
Adenike Adeleye ◽  
Ijeoma Chinwe Uzoma
Keyword(s):  
Postnatal Care ◽  
Birth Length ◽  
Government Hospital ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
Association Model ◽  
Childhood Growth ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Parental Height ◽  
Model Correlation ◽  
Pregnancy And Birth

Background: Length at birth is important for evaluating childhood growth and development. It is of interest in Pediatrics because of its implications for perinatal and postnatal morbidity and mortality. Predicting birth length will be useful in an- ticipating and managing possible complications associated with pregnancy and birth of babies with abnormal birth length. Objective: The aim was to identify easily accessible parental determinants of baby’s birth length in Lagos, Nigeria, using a sample of patients attending a government hospital. Methods: Parental anthropometrics and other data were obtained from 250 couples by actual measurements, oral interviews and questionnaires. Baby’s birth length was measured immediately after delivery by qualified, a well-trained obstetric nurse, and association between parental and offspring parameters were assessed. Results: Weight gain, maternal weight, parity and mid-parental height were the significant parental explanatory variables of offspring birth length. They were the most suitable variables for a generated model for predicting babies’ birth length from parental variables in the study. Conclusion: A model that might be useful for predicting babies’ birth length from easily accessible parental variables was produced. This model may complement ultrasonographic data for predicting baby’s birth length with a view to achieving better perinatal and postnatal care. Keywords: Parental anthropometrics; birth length; association; model; correlation.

Factors Influencing Length at Birth and Height at Five Years

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 737-741
Author(s):  
John Wingerd ◽  
Edgar J. Schoen
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Total Variation ◽  
Birth Length ◽  
Birth Size ◽  
Older Parents ◽  
Early Menarche ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Parental Height ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
Children First

The net effects of various factors on length at birth and height at 5 years were determined in 3,707 single-born white California children. First-born children were significantly short at birth, but taller than average at 5 years. Children born to women with early menarche and children of older parents were average in birth length but taller than average at 5 years. Length and weight at birth showed significant correlations with height at 5 years. The child small at birth was most likely to catch up with his peers at age 5 if short gestation caused small birth size. Children of smoking mothers were short at birth and at 5 years. Socioeconomic factors (income, education, and occupation) appeared to be of little importance as determinants of growth. Of the total variation in height at age 5 years which is explained by the factors considered, parental height alone accounted for 88.6%; all other factors for 11.4%.

Increased pregnancy weight gain in women with latent toxoplasmosis and RhD-positivity protection against this effect

Parasitology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 137 (12) ◽  
pp. 1773-1779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Š. KAŇKOVÁ ◽  
J. ŠULC ◽  
J. FLEGR
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Length ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
Pregnancy Weight Gain ◽  
Fetal Ultrasound ◽  
Biparietal Diameter ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Maternal Protection ◽  
Pregnancy Weight

SUMMARYObjective. RhD-positive subjects are protected against toxoplasmosis-associated impairment of psychomotor performance. Here we searched for RhD-positivity-associated maternal protection against the effects of toxoplasmosis. Methods. In the present retrospective cohort study, we analysed data from 785 (139 RhD-negative) Toxoplasma-free and 194 (27 RhD-negative) Toxoplasma-infected pregnant women. We searched for effects of toxoplasmosis and Rhd-phenotype on maternal weight before pregnancy, pregnancy weight gain, fetal ultrasound data (biparietal diameter, abdominal circumference, femur length) and on birth length and weight. Results. At pregnancy week 16, the RhD-negative mothers with toxoplasmosis gained more weight than others (P<0·001). The difference of about 1600 g remained approximately constant from pregnancy week 16 until the end of pregnancy. Neither toxoplasmosis nor RhD phenotype had any effect on fetal bioparameter data or birth length and weight. Conclusion. The most parsimonious explanation for the observed data is that the RhD-positive phenotype might protect infected subjects against a broad spectrum of detrimental effects of latent toxoplasmosis, including excessive gestational weight gain.

scholarly journals Associations between neonatal birth dimensions and maternal essential and trans fatty acid contents during pregnancy and at delivery

2008 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chantal E. H. Dirix ◽  
Arnold D. Kester ◽  
Gerard Hornstra
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Head Circumference ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Maternal Plasma ◽  
Birth Length ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Pregnancy And Birth

Since birth dimensions have prognostic potential for later development and health, possible associations between neonatal birth dimensions and selected maternal plasma fatty acid contents were investigated, using data from 782 mother–infant pairs of the Maastricht Essential Fatty Acid Birth cohort. Unadjusted and multivariable-adjusted regression analyses were applied to study the associations between birth weight, birth length or head circumference and the relative contents of DHA, arachidonic acid (AA), dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA) and 18 : 1trans (18 : 1t) in maternal plasma phospholipids sampled during early, middle and late pregnancies, and at delivery. Where appropriate, corrections were made for relevant covariables. Significant ‘positive’ associations were observed between maternal DHA contents (especially early in pregnancy) and birth weight (B = 52·10 g, 95 % CI 20·40, 83·80) and head circumference (B = 0·223 cm, 95 % CI 0·074, 0·372). AA contents at late pregnancy were ‘negatively’ associated with birth weight (B = − 44·25 g, 95 % CI − 68·33, − 20·16) and birth length (B = − 0·200 cm, 95 % CI − 0·335, − 0·065). Significant ‘negative’ associations were also observed for AA contents at delivery and birth weight (B = − 27·08 g, 95 % CI − 47·11, − 7·056) and birth length (B = − 0·207 cm, 95 % CI − 0·330, − 0·084). Maternal DGLA contents at delivery were also significantly ‘negatively’ associated with neonatal birth weight (B = − 85·76 g, 95 % CI − 130·9, − 40·61) and birth length (B = − 0·413 cm, 95 % CI − 0·680, − 0·146). No significant associations were observed for maternal 18 : 1t contents. We conclude that during early pregnancy, maternal DHA content may programme fetal growth in a positive way. Maternal AA and DGLA in late pregnancy might be involved in fetal growth limitation.

scholarly journals The Shereshevsky-Turner syndrome: Spontaneous growth and growth-promoting effects of estrogen replacement therapy

1996 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
Ye. В. Koledova ◽  
T. V. Semicheva ◽  
A. N. Tyulpakov ◽  
I. S. Yarovaya ◽  
V. A. Peterkova
Keyword(s):  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Short Stature ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Growth Retardation ◽  
Estrogen Replacement Therapy ◽  
Estrogen Therapy ◽  
Birth Length ◽  
Estrogen Replacement ◽  
Spontaneous Growth ◽  
Parental Height

Short stature and ovarian failure are typical features of Turner's syndrome (TS). Although growth in TS has been intensively studied, few data are available concerning the influence of different karyotypes and estrogen replacement therapy on the growth of TS patients. This paper presents the first results of studying the growth of TS patients in Russia. Sixty-one girls aged 5 to 17 with TS were examined. Auxological data included parental height (Ht), target Ht, predicted Ht (1), spontaneous Ht, Ht SDS (Tanner), Ht SDS TS (1), birth length, birth length SDS, and Ht SDS for BA before and after estrogen therapy. The diagnosis of TS was confirmed by the identification of the karyotype from peripheral leukocytes. 45,X karyotype was detected in 69%, different types of mosaicism including X chromosome (45,X/46,XX; 45,X/46,X(r)x) in 16%, 46,Xi(q) and deletions of X chromosome in 10%; Y chromosome mosaicism (45,X/46,XY) in 5%. Estrogen replacement (dihydrostilbestrol orally in a daily dose of 1.0 mg) was started at BA11.0 years if no signs of spontaneous puberty were observed. The mean duration of estrogen therapy was 0.960.15 years. A moderate growth delay was seen at birth (0.950.11 Ht SDS). There was no correlation between birth length and parental height (r=0.09 for maternal and r=-0.33 for parental height, respectively). The degree of postnatal growth retardation negatively correlated with CA (r=-0.647; p0.01). Short stature was particularly evident at CA9.0 yrs (-2.460.19 Ht SDS and -3.360.20 Ht SDS, CA9.0 yrs vs. CA9.0 yrs, respectively). The karyotype (45, X or mosaicism) did not influence growth retardation either at birth (49.320.28 cm vs. 48.610.56 cm; p=0.48) or in the postnatal life (p=0.8). Estrogen appreciably accelerated the growth (0.600.14 and 0.800.15 Ht SDS TS, before vs. after estrogen, p=0.006), followed by a decrease of SDS for BA (-1.430.23 vs. -1.800.34, p=0.2). Hence, spontaneous growth in Turner girls in Russia does not appreciably differ from European standards. Short stature progressed with age irrespective of the karyotype (45,X or mosaicism). Low estrogen doses, minimizing the unfavorable effects on BA maturation, are more appropriate for replacement therapy in TS.

scholarly journals RISK FACTORS OF STUNTING EVENTS IN TODDLERS AGED 24-59 MONTHS

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 374
Author(s):  
Mufidah Binti Eka ◽  
Ilya Krisnana ◽  
Dominicus Husada
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Birth Length ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Maternal Height ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
Public Health Center

AbstractBackground: Stunting is one priority problem in Indonesia. The incidence of stunting in toddlers at the Tambak Wedi Public Health Center Surabaya in 2015 and 2016 were 31.3% and 33%, respectively. This study aims to analyze the risk factors for stunting in toddlers aged 24-59 months in  Tambak Wedi Health Center Surabaya. Method: This observational analytic research used cross sectional approach. The population in this study was 220 and the sample size was 110 mothers and toddlers. Samples were selected by proportional cluster random sampling from the population of 220 pairs mothers and toddlers. Independent variables of the  mothers include height, upper arm circumference, frequency of ANC visits, weight gain during pregnancy, meanwhile of the toddlers included birth length and birth weight. The dependent variable was stunting. Statistical analysis used chi-square  and multiple logistic regression tests. Results: There were 100 pairs of mother and toddlers in the study. Bivariate analysis showed a significant relationship between maternal height (p = 0.025, RR = 0.406), frequency of ANC visits (p = 0.017, RR = 0.382), increase in maternal weight during pregnancy (p = 0.017, RR = 0.328), the baby’s birth length (p = <0.001, RR = 0.256), and the baby's birth weight (p = <0.001, RR = 0.208) with stunting. Multivariate analysis showed maternal height and ANC visit as the significant risk factors of stunting. Conclusion: Maternal height and the frequency of ANC visits were the risk factors for stunting among toddlers aged 24-59 months in Tambak Wedi Public Health Center in Surabaya.

scholarly journals Specific weights of nineteen explanatory variables in low birth weight in the Mayan Zone of the Mexican state of Quintana Roo according to the Multiple Logistic Regression Model. Analytical observational epidemiological study of cases and controls

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 3486-3509
Author(s):  
José Franco–Monsreal ◽  
Lidia Esther del Socorro Serralta–Peraza ◽  
Javier Jesús Flores–Abuxapqui
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Epidemiological Study ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
Explanatory Variables

Low birth weight is an indicator that allows predicting the probability of survival of a child. In fact, there is an exponential relationship between weight deficit, gestational age, and perinatal mortality. In addition, it is important to indicate that a percentage of term children (37 ≤ weeks of gestation ≤ 41) who have low birth weight present with various sequelae of variable severity –especially in the neurological sphere– and hence the importance of predicting the presentation of low birth weight. Multiple Logistic Regression is one of the most expressive and versatile statistical instruments available for data analysis in both clinical and epidemiology. Its origin dates to the sixties with the transcendent work of Cornfield, Gordon & Smith on the risk of suffering from coronary heart disease and, in the way we know it today, with the contribution of Walter & Duncan in which addresses the issue of estimating the probability of occurrence of a certain event based on several variables. Its use has been universalized and expanded since the early eighties, due to the computer facilities available since then. Quantitative approach. The study design corresponds to that of an analytical observational epidemiological study of cases and controls with directionality response variable→explanatory variables and with prospective temporality. One thousand eight hundred fifteen newborns were studied [178 (9.81%) cases and 1,637 (90.19%) controls], which corresponds to nine controls per case. All term newborns (37 ≤ weeks of gestation ≤ 41) with weights < 2,500 g and ≥ 2,500 g were defined, respectively, as a case and as a control. The values obtained from the β Exponents or Odds Ratios indicate the positive contribution (OR> 1) in ascending numerical order of the explanatory variables alcoholism (0.0018); low socioeconomic level (0.5694); initiation of prenatal care from or after the 20th week of gestation (0.6116); birth interval ≤ 24 months (0.7942); age at menarche ≤ 12 years (1.0792); “unmarried” marital status (1.0961); female gender of the product (1.1271); maternal weight < 50 kg (1.4700); history of abortion(s) (1.5407); number of deliveries = 1 (1.5524); number of prenatal visits ≤ 5 (1.5966); type of delivery or abdominal birth route (1.6169); smoking (2.2019); number of deliveries ≥ 5 (2.2714); maternal age ≤ 19 years (2.4827); maternal age ≥ 36 years (2.8070); pathological obstetric history (4.0735); pathological personal history (4.6475); and maternal height < 150 cm (5.5092).

scholarly journals Antenatal Care (ANC) Coverage, Health Infrastructure, and Postnatal Care (PNC) Services Utilization: A District Level Analysis of Punjab-Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seemab Gillani ◽  
Tusawar Iftikhar Ahmad ◽  
Feng Wang ◽  
Muhammad Nouman Shafiq
Keyword(s):  
Adult Literacy ◽  
Postnatal Care ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Health Infrastructure

Awareness of receiving postnatal care is uncommon in Punjab (Pakistan) and supply-side is also unfortunate. Sufficient uptake of PNC may helpful in reducing maternal mortality. Thus, this study explored the demand and supply-side determinants of maternal health (utilization of PNC) care for 35 districts of Punjab, Pakistan. Percentage of women of reproductive ages using PNC services in the 35 districts of Punjab was the outcome variable. While, ANC utilization, adult literacy rate, household wealth, physical infrastructure had been considered as the explanatory variables. Secondary data were obtained from Punjab Development Statistics reports from the years 2010 to 2016. Pooled ordinary least square (OLS) and Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) were applied as estimation techniques. It was found that the percentage of women of reproductive ages using ANC services (0.662, p < 0.01), the percentage of households receiving remittances from abroad (0.570, p < 0.01), the percentage of households having access to improved sanitation facilities (0.569, p < 0.01), the percentage of households having their own houses (0.530, p < 0.05), and district-based health infrastructure index (0.237, p < 0.05) had strong positive and significant impact on PNC utilization. The study concluded that district-based targets relating to PNC coverage could be achieved by intervening through ANC utilization behavior, household wealth (remittances receipts), and through the provision of infrastructure (healthcare, sanitation) to the residents of the district. Need to ensure the availability and accessibility of PNC in order to reduce the health disparities among the districts of Punjab.

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