scholarly journals Dietary Diversity and Its Association with Anemia among Pregnant Women Attending Public Health Facilities in South Ethiopia

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Romedan Delil ◽  
Dessalegn Tamiru ◽  
Beakal Zinab
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional

BACKGROUND: Anemia is a major public health problem among pregnant women in developing countries like Ethiopia. Nutritional deficiency related to anemia is an important contributor to maternal mortality and poor fetal outcomes.METHODS: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted among pregnant women to assess the prevalence of anemia and its association with dietary diversity in Hossana Town from March 15 to April 30, 2017. Systematic random sampling procedure was employed to select 314 study subjects. Data were collected using an interviewer administered semi-structured questionnaire supplemented with laboratory tests. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the independent predictors of anemia.RESULTS: The prevalence of mild to moderate anemia among pregnant women was 56.6% and 40.8% respectively. The mean dietary diversity and food variety score of study participants were 7 and 22 respectively. Maternal education (AOR=10.5; 95% CI:2.2, 27), occupation of spouse (AOR=9.3; 95% CI:1.6, 53), nutrition education (AOR=2.5; 95% CI:1.5, 6.4) and dietary diversity (AOR=18.6; 95% CI: 4.4, 28) were significantly associated with anemia.CONCLUSION: Anemia was found to be a moderate public health problem in Hossana Town. Therefore, there is a need of nutrition education and promotion awareness on healthy diets to prevent anemia among pregnant women. 

scholarly journals Food behaviors and youth obesity in Pakistan - doi: 10.4025/actascihealthsci.v35i2.11885

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjum Hashmi ◽  
Jamil Ahmed Soomro ◽  
Khalid Saleem
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
World Health ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Organization

The epidemic of obesity took off from about 1980 and in almost all countries has been rising inexorably ever since. Only in 1997 did world health organization accept that this was a major public health problem. It is also becoming an important public health problem among Pakistani children due to changes in life style and other factors. The increasing prevalence of childhood obesity and its concomitant health risks justify widespread efforts toward prevention. A Cross-sectional study was conducted to elaborate the various types of foods and change in eating behavior leading to abnormal weight gain among the youth. A total of 504 male and female students of class six to ten were selected through simple random sampling. Anthropometric measurements were done with calibrated instruments using the age and sex specific BMI cut off points according to World Health Organization growth reference. Results showed significant proportion of girls (86%) and boys (85%) had abnormal waist to hip ratio. The determinants of the obesity lie within the rapid changes in food intake behavior and lifestyle patterns which had a clear and significant impact on the prevalence of obesity in youth of Pakistan.

Tetanus in Southeast Asia

1988 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-178
Author(s):  
R Kim-Farley ◽  
I Mochny ◽  
A Schnur
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Tetanus Toxoid ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Neonatal Tetanus ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Immunisation Coverage

With an estimated 337, 000 cases and 270, 000 deaths due to neonatal tetanus each year, tetanus remains a major public health problem in Southeast Asia. Although immunisation coverage of pregnant women with tetanus toxoid and infants with Diphtheria Pertussis Tetanus (DPT) has increased, it is clear that immunisation activities must be accelerated to meet the 1990 goal of Universal Child Immunisation and eliminate the needless suffering, disability and death from tetanus.

scholarly journals RISK FACTORS DETERMINANTS ANEMIA EVENTS IN ADOLESCENT PUSKESMAS IN KOTA SELATAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 194
Author(s):  
Endah Yulianingsih ◽  
Hasnawatty Surya Porouw
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
P Value ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Anemia is a global public health problem that needs special attention. Anemia in adolescent girls is a common problem, especially in developing countries (WHO, 2008). Anemia is a health problem that is most often found in countries both developed and developing, including Indonesia .. The prevalence of anemia in Indonesia is not so much with the global anemia prevalence rate is 21.7% where the prevalence of anemia has been entered into the category of public health problems was that it should receive special attention. Teenagers are particularly at risk age group the incidence of anemia due to nutritional needs particularly iron exceeds the needs of other age groups due to accelerated growth and increased physical activity. This study aims to determine the factors associated with the incidence of anemia among adolescent girls in Puskesmas Kota Selatan Kota Gorontalo. Type with a cross-sectional study using bivariate test by chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression test. This research instrument using a questionnaire. The results of this study indicate that there is a relationship between the age of menarche (p = 0.001), knowledge (p = 0.000), maternal education (p = 0.000), the pattern of menstruation (p = 0.000), BMI (p = 0.009), menstruation (p = 0.003). The most dominant factor to the incidence of anemia among adolescent girls in Puskesmas South City Gorontalo is a factor of knowledge with p value 0.001 exp B = 2.650 (CI 1.643 to 4770), which means that respondents who have a good knowledge will likely 2,

scholarly journals Clinical Significance of Hypocalcaemia in Malaria: An Experience from Coastal Karnataka, India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avinash N Shetty ◽  
Akshatha Rao Aroor ◽  
Archana Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Predominance

Introduction: Malaria is a major public health problem leading to significant morbidity and mortality in endemic regions. Malaria is a major public health problem in India, which contributes significantly to the overall malaria burden in Southeast Asia. Data on significance of hypocalcaemia in malaria is scarce. Aim: To correlate hypocalcaemia with the complications in malaria. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional, observational study was conducted at Father Muller Medical College in Coastal Karnataka between January 2018 to June 2019. Patients diagnosed as malaria by peripheral smear were included. Serum calcium level was measured in all the patients and calcium levels <8.4 mg/dL was considered as hypocalcaemia. This was correlated with the complications such as jaundice, acute kidney injury, cerebral malaria, shock, multiorgan dysfunction and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) in malaria. Data were analysed using frequency, percentages, Chi-square test, student t-test, relative risk estimation and Receiver operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis. Results: A total of seventy five patients with malaria were included in the study. Majority were in the age group of 21-30 years (30.6%), with a male predominance (53 patients, 70.67%). Among these patients, complications were documented in 18 (24%) of them. Hypocalcaemia was seen in 25 patients (33.3%) among whom 13 (52%) had complications. The association of hypocalcaemia with the complications was statistically highly significant (p=0.001). Patients with hypocalcaemia had a relative risk of 9.75% (2.901-32.766, 95% CI) for developing complications. With ROC analysis, the calcium value cut-off for complications was 8.25 with a sensitivity of 72% and specificity of 86%. Calcium reverted to normal in all patients after recovery from complications. Conclusion: Hypocalcaemia had a significant association with high specificity for complications in malaria.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Malaria and Its Associated Factors Among Malaria Suspected Patients Attending at Hamusite Health Center, Northwest Ethiopia, a Cross Sectional Study, 2020

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Getu Abeje Negatu ◽  
Getaneh Alemu Abebe ◽  
Woyneshet Gelaye Yalew
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract BackgroundMalaria is a major public health problem which still results in illness and death. Despite efforts to reduce the mortality and morbidity of malaria, the disease is still a prominent health problem in Ethiopia. This study, therefore, was undertaken to assess the prevalence of malaria and associated factors among symptomatic patients in northwest Ethiopia.MethodA facility based cross-sectional study was conducted from February to March 2020 among 210 febrile patients attending at Hamusite health center, northwest Ethiopia. Thin and thick blood films were prepared from blood collected by finger puncture and from capillary blood buffy coat. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.ResultsOut of 210 malaria suspected participants, 61 (29.0%) were confirmed to be infected by Plasmodium species. Plasmodium falciparum mono-infection was detected in 41 (19.5%) participants while P.vivax mono-infection and mixed infections were detected in 10 (4.3%) participants each. Female participant and those having family members with history of malaria were at higher risk of acquiring Plasmodium infectionConclusionThe present study revealed that malaria continued to be the major public health problem in the study area. Therefore, community mobilization should be strengthening in order to improve implementation of malaria control activities.

scholarly journals Anaemia among pregnant women in a rural area of Kancheepuram district, Tamil Nadu

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 2400
Author(s):  
Abiselvi A. ◽  
Gopalakrishnan S. ◽  
Umadevi R. ◽  
Rama R
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Hemoglobin Level ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Training Centre

Background: Anaemia is a major public health problem in developing countries. The vulnerable groups include adolescent girls, pregnant and lactating mothers. Despite several National and International strategies to control anaemia, the magnitude of the problem remains high. Lack of adequate program implementation strategies could be a possible reason for this problem and therefore, we aimed to estimate the prevalence of anaemia among rural pregnant women in our field practice area in Tamil Nadu.Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out among 270 pregnant women registered at our Rural Health Training Centre. All these pregnant mothers gave informed consent to participate in the study. A structured interview schedule was administered and hemoglobin levels were recorded from their Mother Child Protection Card. A mean hemoglobin value was calculated and anaemia was defined as a Hemoglobin level <11 g/dl as per WHO classification.Results: About 48.5% of pregnant women were in the age group of 15-24 years. In this study, 41.5% were found to be anaemic. About 38.1% of the study participants were found to have mild anaemia (hemoglobin level between 10.0-10.9 g/dl), while 1.9% had moderate anaemia (Hb between 7.0 - 9.9 g/dl) and 1.5% had severe anaemia (Hb below 7 g/dl).Conclusions: Anaemia is an imminent public health problem, which requires due attention. It is a social problem, wherein the knowledge and attitudes of the pregnant women deeply influence the disease burden. Adequate measures to address these issues have to be in place as a priority, in order to minimize the magnitude of anaemia. 

Policy brief on improving access to artemisinin-based combination therapies for malaria in Central African Republic

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-245
Author(s):  
Gérard Gresenguet ◽  
Méthode Moyen ◽  
Boniface Koffi ◽  
Jean Pierre Bangamingo
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Central African Republic ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Combination Therapies ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Children Under 5

In the Central African Republic (CAR) malaria is a major public health problem and hampers socioeconomic development. It accounts for 40 percent of complaints and 10 percent of deaths in health facilities (15;17). Pregnant women, who make up 4 percent of the population, and children under 5 years of age, who represent 17.3 percent, are the groups most vulnerable to malaria owing to their low levels of immunity.

scholarly journals Decline in the prevalence of anaemia among children of pre-school age after implementation of wheat flour fortification with multiple micronutrients in Jordan

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 1486-1497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rami Al Rifai ◽  
Keiko Nakamura ◽  
Kaoruko Seino
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Wheat Flour ◽  
School Children ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
School Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Poor Households

AbstractObjectiveTo examine changes in the prevalence of anaemia and its correlates among children of pre-school age after implementation of wheat flour fortification with multiple micronutrients in Jordan.DesignRetrospective analysis of the data from two repeated national cross-sectional panels of pre-school children.SettingThe two surveys were conducted in 2007 and 2009, 16–20 months and 34–36 months, respectively, after implementation of wheat flour fortification with multiple micronutrients in Jordan. Anaemia was considered if Hb level was <11 g/dl. An anaemia prevalence of ≥40 % was considered a severe public health problem, while that of 20–39·9 % was considered a moderate public health problem.SubjectsA total of 3789 and 3447 children aged 6–59 months tested in 2007 and 2009, respectively.ResultsThe prevalence of anaemia in pre-school children declined from 40·4 % in 2007 to 33·9 % in 2009 (adjusted OR=0·74; P<0·001). The decline in the prevalence in 2009 as compared with 2007 was more pronounced among children aged >24 months (−13·7 points), children living in urban areas (−8·0 points), children from rich households (−9·0 points), children who had never been breast-fed (−17·0 points) and well-nourished children (−6·8 points). In both surveys, presence of childhood anaemia was strongly associated with child age ≤24 months, living in poor households, breast-feeding for ≥6 months, malnourishment, poor maternal education and maternal anaemia.ConclusionsThe public health problem of childhood anaemia declined from severe in 2007 to moderate in 2009, after the implementation of wheat flour fortification with multiple micronutrients in Jordan.

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