scholarly journals Assessment of trace metal contamination by geochemical normalisation in sediments of two lagoons: A comparative study of the Kpeshie and Muni lagoons, Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-50
Author(s):  
M. K. Dorleku ◽  
C. Tay ◽  
K. M. Kumi ◽  
D. K. Amoah ◽  
L. Yawson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Urban Status ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Strong Relation ◽  
Mean Concentration ◽  
Pearson Correlation Matrix

Heavy metal contamination status of bottom sediments of two lagoons was compared by the employment of Enrichment Factor (EF) analysis for Iron (Fe), Manganese (Mn), Cupper (Cu), Lead (Pb), Chromium (Cr), Nickel (Ni), Silver (Ag), Zinc (Zn) and Mercury (Hg). Kpeshie Lagoon recorded enrichment (EF ≥ 1) for Cd, Pb, Ag, Hg and Zn, whilst Muni Lagoon recorded enrichment for Cd, Mn, Ag, Hg and Zn as metals of anthropogenic influence. Kpeshie, situated in a highly urbanized area, has 75% spatial distribution of Pb enrichment. The assessment shows that Ag and Hg are the most enriched metals in the sediments of both Lagoons, reaching extremely severe levels. Only Mn showed statistically significant difference in mean concentration of metals for both Lagoons. Pearson correlation matrix indicated that Pb had a strong relation with Ag, Hg and Zn (r = 0.956; p < 0.05) which is significant in Kpeshie. It also had a strong association with Ag and Hg but not with Zn (r = 0.240) in the Muni. The study clearly delineates Pb as a pollutant that designates the urban status of Kpeshie. Its associated metals; Ag, Hg and Zn which may be coming from a common source are from industrialized zones.

scholarly journals Analysis of lead, arsenic, and cadmium concentrations in instant noodles within the Canadian market

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Disha Katyal ◽  
BCIT School of Health Sciences, Environmental Health ◽  
Dale Chen ◽  
Hsin Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
The Body ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Canadian Market ◽  
Instant Noodles

Background: High levels of lead (Pb), arsenic (As), and cadmium (Cd) in instant noodles have been reported in many countries, leading to temporary bans of several popular brands across the globe. There have been no studies analyzing the heavy metal contamination of instant noodles available in Canada to assess the risk for Canadians. As these contaminants are ubiquitous, their presence in food products is inevitable. A diet high in Pb, As, and Cd can cause permanent health conditions and death, as these metals are highly toxic even in small amounts and cannot be metabolized by the body. Methods: 30 packets of instant noodles were purchased from 6 different brands available in Walmart and T&T. Individual packs of noodles, and the accompanying dry seasoning packs, were ground using a blender and stored in sterile Ziplock bags. The samples were processed using an acid digest and then analyzed using ICP-MS/MS. Concentrations of lead, arsenic, and cadmium were measured for a comparison with FDA recommended levels, a cross comparison between wheat and rice noodles, and across all 6 brands. Results: The results show that the levels of Pb, As, and Cd found in instant noodles do not exceed the maximum allowable limits set forth by the FDA and EFSA. A significant difference between rice and wheat noodles is noted for As and Pb concentrations, where rice > wheat (p<0.05). A significant difference between brands is also noted for all three metals (p<0.05). Conclusion: Although the results did not find Pb, As, and Cd concentrations to exceed the recommended levels, the results of this study are inconclusive due to the low power of the analyses. It has been established that rice noodles contain overall higher levels of Pb and As than their wheat counterparts, and the levels vary significantly between different brands. The results indicate a wide window of variability of exposure for Canadians and the low power of the study indicates a larger need for further studies to confirm the findings.

scholarly journals Heavy metal migration along a rural highway route: Ilesha-Akure roadside oil, Southwestern, Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 742-760 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Clay Fraction ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Road Verge ◽  
The Road ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mean Concentration

<div> <p>This paper present migration of some selected heavy metal (zinc, lead, copper, chromium and nickel) of roadside soil samples from along Ilesa-Akure highway with a view to assess the degree of contamination such soils contain and the likelihood that this contamination can be remobilized. Soil samples were collected from 5 locations (Ilesa, Ipetu-ijesa, JABU, Ilara-mokin and FUTA north gate) at depths of 0-5, 15-20, 35-40 and 55-60cm and analysed for the five selected heavy metals in the bulk sample and clay fraction. Their concentrations and distributions in four different road verge zones (5m, 30m, 60m and 110m) were determined. The 5m zone had the highest mean concentration of the five metals whereas the 110m zone exhibited the lowest mean concentration. Zinc and lead exhibited a significant decrease in the roadside soils with the increasing distance from the road while chromium and nickel showed significant increase, copper on the other hand showed no significant difference. Quantitative assessment of the heavy metal contamination using the I<sub>geo </sub>and <em>PI</em> indexes showed that the selected heavy metals were in the order of Cu &lt; Pb &lt; Zn &lt; Ni &lt;Cr for both Indexes. Soil characteristics (which include pH, Cation exchange capacity {CEC}, organic matter and other basic geotechnical tests) responsible for the mobility and vertical distributions of these heavy metals from the road side soil were also assessed.</p> </div> <p>&nbsp;</p>

scholarly journals The environmental risk of storing vehicles over the soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Cleyton Nascimento Makara ◽  
Larissa Kummer ◽  
Maurici Luzia Charnevski Del Monego
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Contamination Factor ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Acidic Ph ◽  
Random Surface ◽  
Surface Distribution

Automotive vehicles are a potential source of heavy metal contamination of the soil due to their lead-acid batteries and the use of metals in their structure and paint pigments. Understanding the characteristics of heavy metal soil contamination and identifying their environmental exposure provides important information for making decisions regarding remediation of contaminated soils. The objective of the present work was to evaluate metal contamination (Cd, Pb, Ni, Zn, Cu e Cr) in 35 soil samples (fraction<2 mm). The samples were collected from two unpaved/unsealed storage areas used by the Highway Patrol (Polícia Rodoviária Federal - PRF) for storing apprehended vehicles, one located in Araucária (AR) and one Colombo (CL), in the metropolitan region of Curitiba/PR, Brazil. Assays were performed to determine organic carbon (OC) and pH. For analysis of metals, the samples were prepared by acid digestion (method EPA 3050-B) and measured by ICP-OES. The results were evaluated according to Resolution CONAMA 420, geoaccumulation index (Igeo), contamination factor (CF) and Pearson correlation analysis. The textural composition of the soil at AR and CL reflect a high degree of heterogeneity and distinct chemical and physical characteristics. The AR site had a higher level of sand and a more acidic pH than CL, and concentrations of the analyzed elements between prevention and investigation values according to Resolution CONAMA 420/2009. The CL site had a higher concentration of clay and OC, and a less acidic pH than AR. Only one collected point at CL had a concentration of Cu above the prevention value. In both AR and CL, the element Cd was below detectability with methodology employed. The spatial distribution of the cars associated with the soil texture and the analyzed elements exhibited a random surface distribution of elements. The OC content, soil pH and texture associated with Igeo, CF and Pearson correlation suggests that both environments suffer an input of metals at different points. The input of heavy metals from stored vehicles and the possible anthropogenic impact on the soil is evident.

scholarly journals Heavy Metal Contamination of Roadside Soils of Northern England

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 158-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akbar Khalid Farooq ◽  
Hale Wiliam HG ◽  
Athar Alistair D Headley and Mohammad
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Cadmium Concentration ◽  
Border Zone ◽  
Roadside Soils ◽  
Road Verge ◽  
Mean Concentration

Environmental pollution of heavy metals from automobiles has attained much attention in the recent past. The present research was conducted to study heavy metal contamination in roadside soils of northern England. Roadside soil samples were collected from 35 sites in some counties of northern England and analysed for four heavy metals (cadmium, copper, lead, zinc). Their concentrations and distributions in different road verge zones (border, verge, slope, ditch) were determined. Lead concentration was the highest in the soil and ranged from 25.0 to 1198.0 &mu;g/g (mean, 232.7 &mu;g/g). Zinc concentration ranged from 56.7 to 480.0 &mu;g/g (mean, 174.6 &mu;g/g) and copper concentration ranged from 15.5 to 240.0 &mu;g/g (mean, 87.3 &mu;g/g). Cadmium concentration was the lowest in the soil and varied from 0.3 to 3.8 &mu;g/g (mean, 1.4 &mu;g/g). Though the levels of heavy metals in roadside soils were higher as compared to their natural background levels in British soils, their concentrations in general, however, were below the &lsquo;critical trigger concentrations&rsquo; for the contaminated soils. All the four heavy metals exhibited a significant decrease in the roadside soils with the increasing distance from the road. The border zone had the highest mean concentration of the four metals whereas the ditch zone exhibited the lowest mean concentration.

Factor V Leiden Is Associated with Repeated and Recurrent Unexplained Fetal Losses

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (05) ◽  
pp. 0822-0824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elvira Grandone ◽  
Maurizio Margaglione ◽  
Donatella Colaizzo ◽  
Marina d'Addedda ◽  
Giuseppe Cappucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein C ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Activated Protein C ◽  
Fetal Loss ◽  
Factor V Leiden ◽  
Factor V ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
Fv Leiden ◽  
Caucasian Women

SummaryActivated protein C resistance (APCR) is responsible for most cases of familial thrombosis. The factor V missense mutation Arg506>Gln (FV Leiden) has been recognized as the commonest cause of this condition. Recently, it has been suggested that APCR is associated with second trimester fetal loss. We investigated the distribution of FV Leiden in a sample (n = 43) of Caucasian women with a history of two or more unexplained fetal losses. A group (n = 118) of parous women with uneventful pregnancies from the same ethnical background served as control. We found the mutation in 7 cases (16.28%) and 5 controls (4.24%; p = 0.011). A statistically significant difference between women with only early fetal loss vs those with late events (p = 0.04) was observed. Our data demonstrate a strong association between FV Leiden and fetal loss. Furthermore, they indicate that late events are more common in these patients.

Effect of a-Week Summer Camp on the Hopelessness and Self-Esteem of the University Students Attending Sport Sciences Faculty

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 42-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Korkmaz YİĞİTER ◽  
Hakan TOSUN
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Summer Camp ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Female Students ◽  
T Test ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The University

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of participation in a 1-week summer camp on thehopelessness and self-esteem of the university students attending Sport Sciences Faculty. Participants were 36university students assigned to experiment group using a random procedure. Coopersmith Self-esteem and Beck Hopelessness Scales were completed at the beginning and end of the summer camp by designed the university. The obtained data were analysed in the SPSS 18.0 program and the significance level was taken as 0.05. The descriptive statistics, independent simple t test, paired simple t test and Pearson correlation were used for analyse the data in the study. According to the results of the research, no significant difference was observed in the comparison of the hopelessness and self-esteem levels between pre and post-test. In addition, there was a significant difference in the hopelessness level of male and female students but any significant difference was not observed in terms of self-esteem. There was a significant relationship between hopelessness and self-esteem pre and post-test. These result shows that a 1-week summer camp cannot change the hopelessness or self-esteem level. However, as the self-esteem rises, the rate of despair decreases whereas as the despair rises, the selfesteem decreases.

EVALUATION OF AIRBORNE HEAVY METAL CONTAMINATION BY PLANTS GROWING UNDER INDUSTRIAL EMISSIONS

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 903-908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Payam Najafi ◽  
Mitra Ataabadi ◽  
Mehran Hoodaji ◽  
Fuad Adib
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Industrial Emissions

ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METAL CONTAMINATION AND IMPACT ON SURFACE WATERS IN IASI CITY, ROMANIA

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1541-1551
Author(s):  
Corneliu Horaicu ◽  
Florea Cornel Gabrian ◽  
Irina Grozavu ◽  
Catalin Constantin Calu ◽  
Monica Horaicu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination

Levels of selected metals in coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) leaves cultivated in four different areas of Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Coriandrum Sativum ◽  
Good Source ◽  
Digestion Method ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Good Percentage ◽  
Coriander Leaves

Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) is one of the herbs which is used for medicinal and food purposes. In the present study the levels of selected metals in coriander leaves were determined in the samples collected from four different farmlands (Sebeta, Mekanisa, Holeta and Gefersa) in Ethiopia where its cultivation is common. The levels of metals were determined after digestion of samples with the mixture of 4 mL of HNO3 and 4 mL of HClO4 at 300 oC for 3:00 hours by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The optimized wet digestion method for coriander leaves analysis was validated through the recovery experiment and a good percentage recovery was obtained (93.2-101%). The levels of metals were found in the range Ca, 2319–3503 mg/kg; Zn, 33.4–54.8 mg/kg and Cr, 5.55-9.86 mg/kg while the trace metals Cu, Ni, Cd and Pb were too low to be detected. The results indicated that Ethiopian coriander is a good source of essential metals and free from the toxic metals Pb and Cd. A statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 95% confidence level indicated that there is significant difference (p &lt; 0.05) in the levels of all detected metals between the four sample means. The Pearson correlation was used to predict the dependence of metal levels on one another. The levels of the metals determined in this study compared well with those reported for coriander leaves from some other parts of the world.

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