scholarly journals Ameloblastoma of the jaws in children: an evaluation of cases seen in a tertiary hospital in South-Eastern Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-41
Author(s):  
Uchenna C. Okechi ◽  
James O. Akpeh ◽  
Felix N. Chukwuneke ◽  
Birch D. Saheeb ◽  
Chukwubuzor U. Okwuosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Odontogenic Tumours ◽  
Qualitative Variables

Background: Ameloblastoma is one of the most common benign odontogenic tumours in Nigeria. It is considered uncommon in children. Materials and methods: This is a retrospective study of pediatric patients with histopathological diagnosis of ameloblastoma seen over seven years at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria. Relevant information was retrieved from patients’ records and data obtained were analysed using SPSS version 23, the chi-square test was used to compare qualitative variables, a p-value of <0.05 was considered as significant. Results: One hundred and thirty-six cases of ameloblastoma in all age groups were seen within the period. Thirty of the cases met the requirement. The mean age of the patients was 14.4 STD 2.03 (range from 10-17) years. Fourteen (46.7%) patients were male while 16 (53.3%) were female giving a ratio of 1:1.1. The duration of the lesion ranged from 3 months to 72 months (mean 15.07 months). Histologically, the follicular type (n=20, 66.7%) constitute the majority, while the clinical types were solid-multicystic (n=18, 60%) and unicystic (n=12, 40%). Enucleation was the treatment of choice in most (n=18, (60%)) of the patients. Conclusion: Ameloblastoma is relatively uncommon in children, especially those less than ten years of age. The solidmulticystic variety was the predominant type in the children studied. Most patients presented long after the onset of the tumour and enucleation with mechanical curettage produced satisfactory results in these patients. Keywords: Ameloblastoma, odontogenic tumour, children, resection, enucleation. Funding: None declared

scholarly journals Analysis of pre-prosthetic surgeries performed in a private dental institution

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL3) ◽  
pp. 1737-1742
Author(s):  
Nurul Syamimi Binti Mohd Azlan Sunil ◽  
Santhosh Kumar M P ◽  
Revathi Duraisamy
Keyword(s):  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
P Value ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Tests Of Association ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Prosthetic Surgery

Pre-prosthetic surgery is part of the oral and maxillofacial surgery, which concerns restoration of facial form and oral function. Pre-prosthetic surgery is a surgery done to obtain a better anatomic environment and to provide proper supporting structures for denture construction. The aim of this study was to analyse the various pre-prosthetic surgeries performed in a private dental institution. In this retrospective study, digital case records of all patients who underwent pre-prosthetic surgeries in Saveetha Dental College and Hospital from June 2019 to March 2020 were reviewed. Demographic details of patients and types of pre-prosthetic surgeries performed were recorded from digital case records. Retrieved data was analysed using IBM SPSS Software Version 23.0. Descriptive statistics and tests of association for categorical variables by Chi square tests were done and results were obtained. P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. In this study, we observed that pre-prosthetic surgery was more commonly performed in the age group of 51-60 yrs (23.3%). Pre-prosthetic surgeries were done more in males than females. The most common type of pre-prosthetic surgery was valvuloplasty (62.2%), followed by frenectomy (20.7%). Statistically, a significant association was found between pre-prosthetic surgery and age group; pre-prosthetic surgery and gender; pre-prosthetic surgery and quadrant involved (p<0.05) Within the limits of this study, it can be concluded that the most common pre-prosthetic surgery performed was valvuloplasty. Pre-prosthetic surgery was performed more in males and the age group of 51-60 years, mostly in the third quadrant.

scholarly journals Assessing the mastery of local anesthesia by students by evaluating the amount used for single tooth extraction

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL3) ◽  
pp. 760-764
Author(s):  
Balaji V ◽  
Mahathi ◽  
Sreedevi Dharman
Keyword(s):  
Local Anesthesia ◽  
Tooth Extraction ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Treatment Experience ◽  
Single Tooth ◽  
Chi Square Test

Local anesthesia is more commonly used in dentistry to facilitate a painless treatment experience for a patient during surgical procedures involving bone and soft tissue. Hence, to facilitate a painless treatment experience for a patient should know ideal requirements before administering a dose. This study aims to assess the mastery of local anesthesia by students by evaluating the amount used for single tooth extraction. In this retrospective study, data were obtained from hospital records. The study aimed to evaluate the mastery of local anesthesia by students by evaluating the amount used for single tooth extraction. The data was obtained from the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery from June 2019 - April 2020. A total of 2100 patient details were evaluated. The current study is done in a university setting. Ethical approval was obtained. The collected data were tabulated and statistically analysed using SPSS software (Version 21: IBM Corporation NY USA). Descriptive statistics (frequencies and percentages) were calculated to explore the general features of the data. Pearson chi square test was done to statistically analyze the data. Patients of all age groups were included in this study. Around 14.5% of the patients were below 30 years, 40.7% of the patients were between the age of 30-50 years, and 55.2% of the patients were above 50 years old. Around 95.9%, 3.1%, 0.9% and 0.1 % were administered with 2, 3, 4 and 5 ml respectively, of which 55% and 45% were male and female patients respectively. Within the limits of this study, 95.9% were administered with 2ml for extracting a single tooth. 95.9% use ideal recommended dose and concentration for performing a single tooth extraction.

Comparative study of postdural puncture headache in midline and paramedian approach of spinal anaesthesia at a tertiary hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 144-147
Author(s):  
Bharat Ramchandra Sonawane ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Spinal Anaesthesia ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Postdural Puncture Headache ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Qualitative Variables ◽  
Blind Fashion

Background: Postdural puncture headache (PDPH) is a known complication of spinal anaesthesia. It is an iatrogenic cause,results after either intentional or accidental dural puncture.It begins typically within 2 days but regresses spontaneously in a few days. Present comparative study was conducted in patients who underwent elective lower abdominal surgery under spinal anaesthesia by midline or paramedian approach to evaluate incidence of postdural puncture headache at our tertiary hospital. Material and Methods: This prospective and comparative study was conducted 120 patients undergoing elective lower abdominal surgery under spinal anaesthesia were considered for present study. Patients were randomly divided in double‑blind fashion (patient and observer were blind to procedure) into two groups of 60 each. Numeric visual analog pain score was used to assess the postdural puncture headache in both the groups. Any case of persistent postdural puncture backache after discharge was followed up to 7 days through telephonic communication with the patient. The data collected was analysed statistically. Quantitative variables were expressed as Mean ± SD (standard deviation) while qualitative variables were expressed as relative frequency and percentage. The PDPH was analysed using Chi square test. P-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results:120 patients undergoing elective lower abdominal surgery under spinal anaesthesia were randomly divided in double‑blind fashion (patient and observer were blind to procedure) into two groups as Group M (median approach) and Group P (paramedian approach) of 60 patients each. General characteristics such as age, weight, gender and ASA status were comparable in both groups. Intra-operative hypotension was noted in 10% patients of group M and 8% patients of group P, difference was not statistically significant. 3 % patients of group M and group P required medications (tramadol / paracetamol) to treat PDPH.In present study postdural puncture headache was mild in 8 % and moderate in 3% patients in group M. While 7% patients had mild and 3% patients had moderate postdural puncture headache in group P. Incidence of postdural puncture headache was 10% in group M and 8% in group P, difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: There was no difference regarding the incidence of PDPH in median and paramedian approach for spinal anaesthesia.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Operated Facial Injury in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of a Tertiary Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (221) ◽  
Author(s):  
Safal Dhungel ◽  
Ashutosh Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Facial Trauma ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Facial Injury ◽  
Cultural Variation ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Maxillofacial injury is one of the commonest causes of surgery performed by anoral and maxillofacial surgeon. Socioeconomic conditions, cultural variation, age, and genderaffect the etiology of the injury. The study is aimed to find the prevalence of facial injury that isoperated by the oral and maxillofacial surgeons in the College of Medical Sciences and TeachingHospital, Bharatpur, Chitwan, a tertiary hospital. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed using the chart from the hospitalregistry for the patient being operated under general anesthesia from April 1, 2017, to March2019. Simple random sampling was done using computer-generated random numbers. Ethicalapproval was received from the Institutional Review Committee of the hospital. The Data forthe reason for surgery, age, age groups etiology, and tissue involvement were analyzed usingStatistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20. Results: Facial injury occupies 378 (71.59%) of the total operation performed by Oral andMaxillofacial surgeon in a tertiary hospital. Soft tissue 196 (52.85%) and facial bone fracture182 (48.15%) is distributed among the facial injuries. Young adults are commonly affected, andthe road traffic accident is the major cause of facial trauma. Conclusions: Facial injury-related surgeries are more prevalent in the tertiary hospital ofBharatpur.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude, and perception of oral and maxillofacial surgery specialty amongst healthcare professionals, and the General Public from a Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Country

BMC Surgery ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Kamal ◽  
Mohammad Abdulwahab ◽  
Ahmed Al-Zaid
Keyword(s):  
Cosmetic Surgery ◽  
General Public ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
P Value ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Medical Doctors ◽  
Surgical Specialty ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clinical Scenarios

Abstract Background Oral and maxillofacial surgery specialty has grown rapidly in Kuwait in recent years. However, the general public and healthcare professionals remain unaware of its expanding scope of practice. The aim of the study is to assess public and professional (dental and medical) perception of the oral and maxillofacial surgical specialty in Kuwait. Methods This is a cross-sectional study evaluating responses of dental professionals, medical professionals, and general public in Kuwait toward the oral and maxillofacial surgical specialty using a previously validated survey instrument with 100 participants in each group. Participants were asked to choose the most appropriate specialist to treat certain procedures across 4 disciplines: reconstruction, trauma, pathology, and cosmetic. Statistical comparison was conducted between dentists and medical doctors using Fisher’s exact test with a p-value of < 0.05. Results Disparities were noted each group’s responses. Oral and maxillofacial surgery was preferred overall for most clinical scenarios in trauma (p < 0.001), pathology (p < 0.001), and reconstructive surgery (p < 0.001). Plastic surgery was preferred for cosmetic surgeries (p < 0.001). Conclusions This study indicates the need to increase awareness especially towards cosmetic surgery procedures, and conduct health campaigns regarding oral and maxillofacial surgery among healthcare professionals, especially medical doctors, and the general public.

scholarly journals Diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic aspects of uterine synechiae managed by hysteroscopy in the gyanecological endoscopic surgery and human reproductive teaching hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Etienne Belinga ◽  
Isidore Tompeen ◽  
Claude Cyrille Noa Ndoua ◽  
Junie Metogo Ntsama ◽  
Sandrine Mendibi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Past History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Qualitative Variables ◽  
Preoperative Diagnostic ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Human Reproductive ◽  
History Of

Background: Uterine synechiae refers to a total or partial union of the inner walls of the uterus resulting from endometrial trauma. It is a cause of reproductive failure. Until now, synechia was not optimally treated and has remained understudied in Cameroon. Objective of present study was to Evaluate the diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic aspects of uterine synechiae treated by hysteroscopy.Methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study with an analytical component from January 1st 2015 to July 31st 2017 at Yaounde. All patients diagnosed with uterine synechiae and treated with hysteroscopy were our sample. Sampling was consecutive. The chi-square test was used for the comparison of qualitative variables and Fisher's test for ANOVA variance analysis. The comparison of the averages was made by the Student's test. P-value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: Hysteroscopies were indicated for uterine synechiae in 14.50%. Nulliparous were 56.67%. A history of curettage/aspiration was present in 66.66%. All of the patients had a form of infertility and 83.33% had menstrual disorders. Hysterosalpingography showed a better sensitivity (88%). After hysteroscopic treatment, 63.30% had a complete anatomical restitution. There is a significant correlation between the stage of severity of synechia and anatomical restitution (p=0.008; Spearman correlation coefficient=-0.477).Conclusions: Uterine synechiae represent one-sixth of all indications for hysteroscopy and present clinically as menstrual disorder associated with infertility. A past history of uterine curettage is common. Hysterosalpingography has a better preoperative diagnostic sensitivity. Hysteroscopy allows optimal treatment.

scholarly journals A Morphometric Analysis of Intra-articular Disc of Temporomandibular Joints in Cadavers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pratik Ashokkumar Agrawal ◽  
Navin S Shah ◽  
Ramnarayan A Gandotra ◽  
Karan Vasantray Panchal ◽  
Rishabh Navin Shah
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Anatomic Variation ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint Disorders ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Articular Disc ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Temporomandibular Joints ◽  
Human Cadavers

Introduction: Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) has been a controversial topic in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery speciality especially regarding temporomandibular joint disorders and internal derangement of articular disc. The aetiology behind it has been related to the anatomic variations of the disc and its impact on the functioning of the articular disc. To understand such anatomic variation, the study has been conducted that will help future maxillofacial surgeon’s in designing accurate prosthetic articular disc that will improve the overall mechanics of the functioning of the prosthetic disc. Aim: To analyse the morphometric variations of the intra-articular disc in terms of circumference of the disc, perforations and their thickness within the disc in cadavers. Materials and Methods: The present observational study was carried out on cadavers in the Department of Anatomy. SBKS Medical College and Research Centre, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth University, Gujarat, India. The study was done from January 2017 to October 2018. Temporomandibular joints were dissected bilaterally from 10 human cadavers, i.e., 20 articular discs. The disc was removed and was measured with the help of thread, vernier callipers and standardised metallic scale and the circumference and thickness in the disc were evaluated. Descriptive statistical test was used and Chi-square test was applied. Results: Mean thickness of disc, both in males as well as females ranged from 1.4-2.0 mm in the Posterio-Medial (PM) and Posterio- Lateral (PL) region, while in Anterio-Medial (AM) and Anterio- Lateral (AL) region it ranged from 1.6-1.8 mm. Maximum length of disc ranged from 12-13 mm in anterio-posterio dimension while in Medio-Lateral (ML) it was 22-23 mm. Conclusion: The study gives an indepth knowledge about the various morphometric variations of articular disc and also shows its impact on the functioning of the disc. The study also directs maxillofacial surgeons to design prosthetic articular disc with greater accuracy and anatomical knowledge so that the procedures like surgical replacement of the disc can be carried out with greater potency and efficacy for the betterment of the patient.

scholarly journals Detecting chronic kidney disease in diabetic adults by estimating glomerular filtration rate and Serum Creatinine

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Kh. Mohammed Almaawi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Kappa Index ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Qualitative Variables

Objective: To assess CKD prevalence and risk factors including socio-demography among diabetics by estimating GFR rather than serum creatinine (sCr). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Dec. 15 2019 through Aug. 15 2020, among 800 diabetics attending tertiary diabetes centers, Baghdad. Data was collected by self-administered questionnaire. SPSS was used for data analysis by (mean, standard deviation and T-test) for quantitative variables and (frequency, percentage, Chi-square test and Kappa index) for qualitative variables. P-Value less than 0.05 was considered significant.  Results: 800 diabetics for last 5-40 years, 95.6% with type2. Aged 52.1±13.2 years, with male: female ratio 1.03:1, 63.6% were with no income, sCr level was 0.86±0.3 mg/dl, and eGFR by Cockcroft Gault (CG) and CKD-EPI equations was 100.4±36.5 & 92.2±25.5 ml/min/1.73m2 respectively. CKD prevalence based on sCr, and eGFR assessed by above equations was 13.3%, 20% and 15.9% respectively (p<0.001). Those with CKD were hypertensive, females, and living in peripheries. Conclusions: Diabetic patients, mainly those with risk factors are more likely to develop CKD. It is better to detect CKD intially by estimating the GFR, rather than serum creatinine level alone. Furthermore, using CKD-EPI equation might be better than the CG formula to estimate the GFR.

scholarly journals Clinical Spectrum of Angiomatous Granuloma and Inflammatory Fibrous Hyperplasia- A Retrospective Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL3) ◽  
pp. 159-162
Author(s):  
Rithanya P ◽  
Archana Santhanam ◽  
Subhashree R
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Clinical Spectrum ◽  
Complete Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Gingival Enlargement ◽  
Gingival Diseases ◽  
Chi Square Test

Angiomatous granuloma is a reactive tumour-like lesion commonly seen in the oral cavity. It generally occurs due to proliferation of capillary blood vessels. Whereas, inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia (IFH) refers to gingival enlargement, which is the current terminology for an increase in the size of the gingiva and is a common feature of gingival diseases. Therefore, the aim of the current study is to analyse the clinical spectrum of angiomatous granuloma/ IFH in a private dental hospital. This study was carried out in a hospital setting (single centred study). The data of the study subjects was collected after a complete analysis of data of 86000 patients between June 2019 and March 2020. The data of the patients, including age, gender clinical diagnosis and histopathological reports, were collected and analysed using the Chi-square test to find the association between the clinical and histopathological reports in the study. In the present study, angiomatous granuloma(55%) had a higher prevalence compared to IFH (40%) with higher gender predilection among the female population (61.5%) and generally in the age group ranging from 20 to 40 years. (57.5%) [p value= 0.329] statistically not significant. Similarly, IFH was also found to be higher in the female population of about (38.4%), in the age groups between 20 to 50 years (41.3%). The knowledge of various clinical presentations and histopathological characteristics the lesion is necessary for proper identification and treatment planning.

scholarly journals Adjunctive Utility of Toluidine Blue in Detecting Dysplastic Cells in Oral Mucosal Lesions in Comparison with Histopathology

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
K.M. Chandrani Somaratne ◽  
S.A.K.J. Kumara ◽  
R.M.N.D. Ratnayake ◽  
Priyantha Liyanage ◽  
N.A.A.P.D. Gunasekera
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Toluidine Blue ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Premalignant Lesions ◽  
Blue Staining ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Predictive Values

Introduction: Oral cancer is one of the most common cancers globally and in Sri Lanka, which follows premalignant lesions. It is curable if it is detected early. Several adjunctive methods to diagnose premalignant lesions early are available. Among these, Toluidine blue staining method before a biopsy is currently receiving much attention. Method: This is a prospective study done by studying 103 patients presented to the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, District General Hospital, Gampaha, Sri Lanka. The oral lesions of all the patients are categorized as benign, premalignant, and malignant by clinical examination. Toluidine Blue mouth wash is introduced to all the patients, followed by biopsy from the stained sites and the clinically decided sites in non-stained lesions. Histopathological diagnosis was obtained for all cases. The accuracy of diagnosis of premalignant, malignant, and benign cases by clinical assessment and by using Toluidine blue was assessed and compared statistically in relation to sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive and negative predictive values, and likelihood ratios (LR). Results: Toluidine blue has no added advantage over clinical examination in our setup even though it might be helpful in screening. However, it has an added value to confirm clinically benign cases as benign. Conclusion: Toluidine Blue can be used as an adjunct in screening and to confirm clinically benign cases so that those can be followed up in clinics without doing unnecessary biopsies.

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