scholarly journals Effet de l’inoculation mycorhizienne avec des souches des champignons mycorhiziens arbusculaires sur la croissance de Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC en condition contrôlée

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 1065-1073
Author(s):  
Hadou Haro ◽  
Kadidia Semde ◽  
Kadidiata Bahadio ◽  
Kadidia B. Sanon
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Mucuna Pruriens ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Mycorrhizal Inoculation

Au Burkina Faso, l’élevage occupe plus de 80% des ménages ruraux et constitue le troisième produit d’exportation après l’or et le coton. De type extensif, cet élevage est basé essentiellement sur l’exploitation des ressources naturelles. Ainsi, il doit s’adapter aux grandes variations saisonnières et interannuelles des ressources en biomasse végétale et en eau. Or les aléas climatiques, l’étendue et la qualité des pâturages, de même que les contraintes rendent l’activité pastorale souvent précaire. C’est ainsi que cette étude a été initiée dans le but de contribuer à améliorer la production fourragère. Dans cette étude, Mucuna pruriens a été cultivé en serre et inoculé avec deux inocula de champignons mycorhiziens arbusculaires. Les paramètres de croissance ont été mesurés à 30 et 60 jours après semis. La biomasse aérienne, racinaire et totale a été évaluée à 60 jours après semis. Les résultats montrent une amélioration de la croissance en hauteur du mucuna de 225,76%, de la biomasse aérienne de 56,79%, la biomasse racinaire de 70% et la biomasse totale de 61,16% par rapport au témoin non inoculé. Cette étude a montré des résultats intéressants et mérite d’être approfondie par des essais in situ tout en étendant l’étude sur les inoculations rhizobiennes.Mots clés : Mucuna, inoculation mycorhizienne, champignons mycorhiziens arbusculaires.   English Title: Effect of mycorrhizal inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi strains on Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC growth under controlled conditionIn Burkina Faso, breeding occupies more than 80% of rural households and is the third export product after gold and cotton. Extensive type, this breeding is based essentially on the exploitation of natural resources. Thus, it must adapt to large seasonal and interannual variations in plant biomass and water resources. Climatic hazards, the extent and quality of pastures, as well as constraints make pastoral activity often precarious. Therefore, this study was initiated with the aim of helping to improve forage production. In this study, Mucuna pruriens was grown in a greenhouse and inoculated with two inocula of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. The growth parameters were measured at 30 and 60 days after sowing. Shoot, root and total biomass was evaluated at 60 days after sowing. The results show an improvement in the height growth of mucuna by 225.76%, shoot biomass by 56.79%, root biomass by 70% and total biomass by 61.16% compared to the control. This study showed interesting results and deserves to be deepened by in situ tests while extending the study of rhizobial inoculations. Keywords: Mucuna, mycorrhizal inoculation, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

scholarly journals Réponse du sésame (Sesamum indicum L.) à l’inoculation mycorhizienne avec des souches des champignons mycorhiziens arbusculaires indigènes du Burkina Faso

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 417-423
Author(s):  
Hadou Haro ◽  
Kadidia B. Sanon
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Sesamum Indicum ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Mycorrhizal Inoculation ◽  
Chemical Inputs

Au Burkina Faso, le sésame est essentiellement une culture de rente. Sa production augmente progressivement alors que son rendement baisse d’année en année. Ceci est lié à la pauvreté du sol en éléments minéraux tels que l’azote et le phosphore assimilable entrainant une augmentation des superficies emblavées pour cette culture et une utilisation des intrants chimiques de plus en plus grande. Or les intrants chimiques ont montré leurs limites dans leur utilisation. C’est ainsi que cette étude a été initiée afin de contribuer à l’amélioration de la production agricole durable. Dans cette étude le sésame a été cultivé en serre et inoculé avec deux inocula mycorhiziens indigènes. Les paramètres de croissance ont été mesurés à 30 et 60 jours après semis. La biomasse aérienne, racinaire et totale ont été évaluées à 60 jours après semis. Les résultats montrent une amélioration de la croissance en hauteur de 431,25%, taux de croissance relative en hauteur de 145,87%, diamètre au collet de 163,92%, biomasse aérienne de 102,9%, biomasse racinaire de 126,67% et de la biomasse totale de 110,1% par l’inoculation. Cette étude a montré des résultats prometteurs et mérite d’être approfondie par des essais aux champs. Mots clés : Sésame, inoculation mycorhizienne, champignons mycorhiziens arbusculaires, Burkina Faso. English Title: Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) response to mycorrhizal inoculation with native arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to Burkina Faso In Burkina Faso, sesame is essentially a cash crop. Its production is gradually increasing while its yield decreases. This is linked to the soil poverty in mineral elements such as available nitrogen and phosphorus leading to an increase in the area sown for this crop and an increasing use of chemical inputs. However, chemical inputs have shown their limits in their use. This is how this study was initiated to help improve sustainable agricultural production. In this study, sesame was grown in greenhouse and inoculated with two inocula of native arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (M1 and M2) from Burkina Faso. The growth parameters were measured at 30 and 60 days after sowing. Shoot, root and total biomass were assessed at 60 days after sowing. The results obtained show an improvement in height growth of 431.25%, the relative growth rate in height of 145.87%, the collar diameter of 163.92%, the aboveground biomass of 102.9%, root biomass of 126.67% and total biomass of 110.1% of plants inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi compared to the inoculated control. This study has shown promising results and deserves to be deepened by field tests to assess the effect of this inoculation on sesame yield.Keywords: Sesame, mycorrhizal inoculation, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, Burkina Faso.

scholarly journals Plant Salinity Tolerance Conferred by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Associated Mechanisms: A Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khondoker M. G. Dastogeer ◽  
Mst Ishrat Zahan ◽  
Md. Tahjib-Ul-Arif ◽  
Mst Arjina Akter ◽  
Shin Okazaki
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Root Biomass ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Shoot And Root Biomass

Soil salinity often hinders plant productivity in both natural and agricultural settings. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) symbionts can mediate plant stress responses by enhancing salinity tolerance, but less attention has been devoted to measuring these effects across plant-AMF studies. We performed a meta-analysis of published studies to determine how AMF symbionts influence plant responses under non-stressed vs. salt-stressed conditions. Compared to non-AMF plants, AMF plants had significantly higher shoot and root biomass (p < 0.0001) both under non-stressed conditions and in the presence of varying levels of NaCl salinity in soil, and the differences became more prominent as the salinity stress increased. Categorical analyses revealed that the accumulation of plant shoot and root biomass was influenced by various factors, such as the host life cycle and lifestyle, the fungal group, and the duration of the AMF and salinity treatments. More specifically, the effect of Funneliformis on plant shoot biomass was more prominent as the salinity level increased. Additionally, under stress, AMF increased shoot biomass more on plants that are dicots, plants that have nodulation capacity and plants that use the C3 plant photosynthetic pathway. When plants experienced short-term stress (<2 weeks), the effect of AMF was not apparent, but under longer-term stress (>4 weeks), AMF had a distinct effect on the plant response. For the first time, we observed significant phylogenetic signals in plants and mycorrhizal species in terms of their shoot biomass response to moderate levels of salinity stress, i.e., closely related plants had more similar responses, and closely related mycorrhizal species had similar effects than distantly related species. In contrast, the root biomass accumulation trait was related to fungal phylogeny only under non-stressed conditions and not under stressed conditions. Additionally, the influence of AMF on plant biomass was found to be unrelated to plant phylogeny. In line with the greater biomass accumulation in AMF plants, AMF improved the water status, photosynthetic efficiency and uptake of Ca and K in plants irrespective of salinity stress. The uptake of N and P was higher in AMF plants, and as the salinity increased, the trend showed a decline but had a clear upturn as the salinity stress increased to a high level. The activities of malondialdehyde (MDA), peroxidase (POD), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) as well as the proline content changed due to AMF treatment under salinity stress. The accumulation of proline and catalase (CAT) was observed only when plants experienced moderate salinity stress, but peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were significantly increased in AMF plants irrespective of salinity stress. Taken together, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi influenced plant growth and physiology, and their effects were more notable when their host plants experienced salinity stress and were influenced by plant and fungal traits.

scholarly journals Influence of bioproducts and mycorrhizal fungi on the growth and yielding of sweet cherry trees

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 122-129
Author(s):  
Sławomir Głuszek ◽  
Edyta Derkowska ◽  
Lidia Sas Paszt ◽  
Mirosław Sitarek ◽  
Beata Sumorok
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Cherry Trees

The experiment assessed the influence of various biofertilizers and biostimulants on the growth characteristics of the root system, its colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and the yielding of sweet cherry trees in field conditions. The experiment, conducted in Pomological Orchard of Research Institute of Horticulture located in Skierniewice during 2011–2014, involved the use of a mycorrhizal substrate, organic fertilizers and biostimulant in randomised block design. The control combination consisted of plants fertilized with mineral fertilizers (NPK). The use of the organic fertilizer BF Ekomix in dose 100 g per tree each year in the spring significantly increased the number of root tips in comparison with the control trees. There was also a tendency for the roots to lengthen and increase their surface area under the influence of this biofertilizer. In addition, the inoculation of roots with the mycorrhizal substrate in dose 200 g per tree per year stimulated the colonization of the roots of sweet cherry trees by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, which in turn led to improved root growth parameters.

Induction of salt stress tolerance in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hashem Abeer ◽  
E. F. Abd_Allah ◽  
A. A. Alqarawi ◽  
Dilfuza Egamberdieva
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Efficient Protection

The aim of present study was to examine the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on the growth, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzyme activity and some key physio-biochemical attributes in cowpea (<italic>Vigna unguiculata</italic> [L.] Walp.) subjected to salt stress. Salt stress (200 mM NaCl) reduced growth, biomass, relative water content and chlorophyll pigment content in cowpea leaves. AMF ameliorated the negative impact of salinity on the growth parameters studied. The activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), peroxidase (POD) and glutathione reductase (GR) enhanced under salt stress and AMF inoculation further enhanced their activity, thus strengthening the plant’s defense system. Proline content increased in salt stressed plants as well as AMF-inoculated plants providing efficient protection against salt stress. Besides this AMF also increased uptake of mineral elements which have direct impact on the osmoregulation of the plants. The present study shows that AMF possesses the potential to enhance salt tolerance of cowpea.

Spatial monitoring of gene activity in extraradical and intraradical developmental stages of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi by direct fluorescent in situ RT-PCR

2008 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 1155-1165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascale M.A. Seddas ◽  
Christine Arnould ◽  
Marie Tollot ◽  
Cecilia M. Arias ◽  
Vivienne Gianinazzi-Pearson
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Gene Activity ◽  
Rt Pcr

How Inoculation with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Impact on Soil Respiration?

2014 ◽  
Vol 1073-1076 ◽  
pp. 628-631
Author(s):  
Fang Ma ◽  
Shu Juan Zhang ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
Dan Shan ◽  
Xiao Feng Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Root Biomass ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Respiratory Capacity ◽  
P Content

Soil respiration can be altered by changing substance supply, respiratory capacity and the demand for the products. We carried out a field experiment in the northeast of China to understand how inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) alters soil respiration in paddy fields. Soil respiration and factors contributing to it were measured for paddy fields either inoculated or non-inoculated with AMF, with or without fertilization. We found that inoculation increased soil respiration, net photosynthesis of rice leaves, N and P content of rice shoots and the abundance of actinomyces and fungi in rhizosphere; while the negative effect was only observed on root biomass. We also found that fertilization decreased the responses of soil respiration, root biomass and the abundance of bacteria and fungi in rhizosphere to inoculation. However, it decreased the responses of net photosynthesis, shoot biomass and shoot N and P content to inoculation. Conclusively, AMF inoculation promoted soil respiration by enhancing substrate supply, respiratory capacity and the demand for products; while the impacts of inoculation were weakened by fertilization via respiration capacity and the demand for the products.

scholarly journals Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Regulate Flowering of Hyacinths orientalis L. Anna Marie

2018 ◽  
pp. 144 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.-Miao Xie, Q.-Sheng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Flowering Time ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Zeatin Riboside ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Flower Stem ◽  
Mycorrhizal Inoculation

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) represent positive effects on growth performance, nutrient absorption and stressed tolerance of host plants, whereas it is not clear whether AMF can affect flowering traits of ornamental plants. In this work, Diversispora spurca, D. versiformis, and Funneliformis mosseae were applied to rhizosphere of potted hyacinth (Hyacinths orientalis L. Anna Marie) plants. After four months of mycorrhizal inoculation, root could be colonized by exogenous AMF species, varied from 38% to 49%, whilst F. mosseae had the best mycorrhizal status. Out of these AMF species used, only F. mosseae-inoculated plants recorded greater raceme length and biomass production of single flowerlet, raceme, and flower stem. F. mosseae also induced the flowering earlier in 2 days and prolonged flowering time for 3 days. D. versiformis postponed 2 days for flowering. Mycorrhizal plants recorded considerably higher acetic acid (IAA) and zeatin riboside (ZR) levels in flowers, irrespective of AMF species. F. mosseae-inoculated plants had significantly higher methyl jasmonate (MeJA) concentrations in flowers than other AMF- or non-AMF-treated plants. These results thereby conclude that F. mosseae can be used to regulate flowering of H. orientalis L. Anna Marie, including flowering earlier and prolonging flowering time, which is closely associated with IAA, ZR and MeJA levels in flowers.

scholarly journals Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, selenium, sulfur, silica-gel and biochar reduce arsenic uptake in plant biomass and improve nutritional quality inPisum sativum

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Zahangeer Alam ◽  
Md. Anamul Hoque ◽  
Golam Jalal Ahammed ◽  
Lynne Carpenter-Boggs
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Silica Gel ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Soil Amendment ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Food Chains ◽  
Saw Dust

AbstractArsenic (As) is a carcinogenic substance. It increased in crop grown in field soil from ground water irrigation. Subsequently As transport into the human body through food chains. The reduction of As transport in root, shoot and grain of pea genotypes is significantly important to protect human health. This research is focused on the biomass growth and alleviation of As accumulation in root, shoot and grain of pea genotypes in high As soil (30mgkg−1) amended with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), biochar (BC) of rice husk and saw dust, selenium (Se), silica- gel (Si), and sulfur (S). Shoot length, root, shoot and pod mass were generally higher in pea crops grown in soil amended with AMF, Se, Si- gel and S. Rice husk and saw dust BC less consistently increased some growth parameters, particularly in genotype BARI Motor 2. However, the BC’s more often reduced growth and pod mass. All treatments significantly reduced As concentration in tissues; As in grains was reduced on average 60% by any of the soil amendments. AMF, Se and Si- gel all were found more effective than BC for the reduction of As uptake in pea crops. As in grains was reduced 77% by AMF, 71% by Se and 69% by Si- gel on average. As in root, shoot, and grain was also affected by variety; in control treatments, total As uptake in plants pot−1of BARI Motor 1 and 3 was found 60 to 70% higher than BARI Motor 2. Comparing the variety and treatment with most As in grains (BARI Motor 1 control, 0.35 mg As kg−1) and least As in grains (BARI motor 1, 2 & 3 with AMF with 0.07 mg As kg−1), the choice of variety and soil amendment could reduce human intake of As through pea by 80%. It is recommended that choice of pea variety and soil amendment with AMF and Se have great potential for improving the nutritional quality of pea grown in As contaminated soil, as well as reducing As transfer to human bodies through food chains in pea crops.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document