Effects of different feeding regimes on the growth performance of the giant African land snail Archachatina marginata (Swainson)

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
I.O. Ovat ◽  
P.E. Esor ◽  
O.I. Iwara
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Shell Length ◽  
Land Snail ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Cassava Leaves ◽  
Highest Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Feeding Regimes

Effects of various feeding regimes on the growth performance of the giant African land snail, Archachatina marginata were studied using one hundred and twenty (120 Juvenile snails) weighing 0.66g +1 per snails for a period of 90 days. The treatments were. T1 -Grower starter, T2 - Grower mash, T3 - cocoyam and cassava leaves and T4 - Ripe pawpaw fruits. The Completely Randomized Design was used with four treatments and each replicated three times. The snails were confined in wooden hutch boxes. Data was collected on weekly body weight feed intake, shell length and shell width. Results obtained showed that snails fed with broiler starter diet (T1) had significantly (P<0.05) higher performance in terms of weight gain, feed intake, shell length and the aperture, while pawpaw fruits T4 recorded the least values. The highest values for feed intake was observed in T1 (135.5g) followed by T2 (78.2g), while the least feed intake was observed in T4 (55.7g). Snails fed with T1 recorded the highest weight gain (60.1g) followed by T2 and T3.The lowest weight gain was obtained in T4 (37.9g). Shell length was highest in T1 (20.7mm), closely followed by T2 (19.2mm). The aperture recorded the highest mean values in T1 (20.1mm). The least operculum was recorded in T4 (12.9mm). Therefore, the broiler starter T1 should be used to feed growing snails to improve their performance. Keywords: Snails, Broiler Starter, Grower mesh, Cocoyam leaves, Cassava leaves, Pawpaw fruits, hutch boxes

scholarly journals Effect of split-mealing on growth performance, haemo-biochemical indices and economics of pig production in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 162-168
Author(s):  
M. H. Ogunsipe ◽  
I. Ibidapo ◽  
S. A. Adeyeye
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Measured Quantity ◽  
Pig Production ◽  
Feeding Management ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Haematological Profile ◽  
Biochemical Indices

Split mealing as a feeding management strategy to improve animal wellbeing and profit generation of pig farmers is the focus of this study. The effect of split-mealing on growth performance and haemo-biochemical indices of weaner pigs (n=45) of mean weight 6.6kg was assessed in a feeding trial that lasted for twelve weeks. Pigs were allotted to three treatments replicated 15 times of a pig per replicate in a completely randomized design. The treatments imposed were based on frequency of one or two or three meals a day. A measured quantity of feed at 5% body weight were made into either one or two or three portions and fed once at 8.00 am or twice at 8.00 am and 12.00 pm or thrice at 8.00 am and 12.00 pm and 4.00 pm, throughout the experimental period. Feed intake, weight gain and feed efficiency were not affected (P>0.05) by frequency of feeding. However, numerical improvement by 12.0% in the weight gain and 9.0 – 15.9% in feed intake of pigs fed three times daily were observed compared with those fed once or twice daily. While no significant (P>0.05) difference was found in the haematological profile of the pigs on single and split meals, split-meal significantly (P<0.05) influenced the TSP, serum urea, LDL AST and ALP of pigs. Economics of pig production showed that the cost of feed expended to gain a kilogram weight of pigs was lesser with higher net returns and better profitability ratio in pigs fed twice or thrice meal a day compared with those fed the whole feed in a single meal.     Le repas fractionné en tant que stratégie de gestion de l'alimentation pour améliorer le bienêtre des animaux et la génération de profits des éleveurs de porcs est au centre de cette étude. L'effet du repas fractionné sur les performances de croissance et les indices hémobiochimiques des porcs sevrés (n = 45) de poids moyen 6.6 kg a été évalué dans un essai d'alimentation qui a duré douze semaines. Les porcs ont été attribués à trois traitements répliqués 15 fois d'un porc par réplique dans un plan complètement aléatoire. Les traitements imposés étaient basés sur la fréquence d'un ou deux ou trois repas par jour. Une quantité mesurée d'aliment à 5% du poids corporel a été transformée en une ou deux ou trios portions et nourrie une fois à 8h00 ou deux fois à 8h00 et 12h00 ou trois fois à 8h00 et 12h00 et 16h00, tout au long de la période expérimentale. L'apport alimentaire, le gain de poids et l'efficacité alimentaire n'ont pas été affectés (P> 0.05) par la fréquence d'alimentation. Cependant, une amélioration numérique de 12.0% de la prise de poids et de 9.0 à 15.9% de la prise alimentaire des porcs nourris trois fois par jour a été observée par rapport à ceux nourris une ou deux fois par jour. Bien qu'aucune différence significative (P> 0.05) n'ait été trouvée dans le profil hématologique des porcs lors des repas simples et fractionnés, les repas fractionnés ont influencé de manière significative (P <0.05) le TSP, l'urée sérique, le LDL le 'AST' et l'ALP des porcs. L'économie de la production porcine a montré que le coût de la nourriture dépensée pour gagner un kilogramme de poids de porcs était moindre avec des rendements nets plus élevés et un meilleur rapport de rentabilité chez les porcs nourris deux ou trois fois par jour par rapport à ceux nourris avec la totalité de la nourriture en un seul repas.

Effect of replacing maize with plantain peels on the performance traits and haematological characteristics of African giant land snail

2022 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 001-006
Author(s):  
Yeigba, B Japhet ◽  
Kpun, IP ◽  
Birigeni, D Charity
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Shell Length ◽  
Niger Delta ◽  
Shell Thickness ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Land Snail ◽  
Land Snails ◽  
Shell Width

The study was carried out at the Niger Delta University, Faculty of Agriculture Teaching and Research Farm, Bayelsa State. A total of Ninety six (96) growing snails (Archachatina marginata). Using Plantain peel as an additive, four diets were formulated at the levels of 0%, 3%, 6%, and 9% to form the treatment diets. The experiment lasted for eight (8) weeks during which the weight gain, feed intake, shell width, shell length, shell thickness and hematological parameters were obtained. The weight gain, shell width, shell length and shell thickness are not significantly different (p<0.05) whereas, the feed intake differed significantly (p<0.05) for all the treatment diets in the experiment. From the results, it was concluded that concentrate with 0% inclusion of Plantain peel meal was suitable for snail diets as it gave the best performance. The hematological parameters measured in the African giant land snails are White blood cell, Neutrophile and Lymphocyte differed significantly (p<0.05). Plantain peel can serve as source of potassium for other animals, as the highest percentage of potassium was found in the hemolymph of snails fed with 9% inclusion of plantain peel. It is recommended that; there should be no inclusion of plantain peels in the diet of the African giant land snails in order to achieve higher weight gain and feed intake.

scholarly journals Replacement value of shea nut meal for dietary maize on growth performance and economics of production of rabbits

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 132-139
Author(s):  
D. T. Shaahu ◽  
E. N. Dzungwe ◽  
T. Ahemen ◽  
C. D. Tuleun
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Cost Of Production ◽  
The Cost

Shea nut meal is a by-product that is cheaper than maize though its replacement value for min rabbit diet is not yet determined. It is however, hoped that the use of shea nut meal in diet would reduce the cost of production and increase profit. A twelve-week trial was therefore conducted to determine the replacement value of shea nut meal (SNM) for dietary maize on growth performance and economics of production of rabbits. Forty rabbits were divided into five, replicated eight times and allotted to five dietary treatments in a completely randomized design. Diet 1 had maize as major energy source and without SNM, while in diet 2, 3, 4 and 5, SNM replaced maize at 25, 50, 75 and 100% respectively. Proximate composition of SNM, feed intake, weight gain, feed cost, cost of production, revenue and profit were determined. The study revealed that SNM has 16.83 % ether extract (EE) and 46.66 % nitrogen free extract (NFE), low in crude fibre (CF) and 8.74% crude protein (CP). Daily feed intake was higher (p<0.05) for rabbits fed control (65.79g/day) than those fed the test diets (50.90- 60.10g/day). Rabbits fed control diet gained similar (p>0.05) weight as those fed diets 2 or 3, but higher (p<0.05) than those fed diets 4 or 5. Feed gain ratio by rabbit were similar (p>0.05) except rabbits fed diet 5 which were significantly less. Cost per kg diet decreased (p<0.05) as level of replacement increased, and the control diet cost (N 88.75) more than any (N 72.77 - N 84.76) of the test diets. Cost of feeding and total cost of production were reduced (p<0.05) by 16.86 – 36.55% due to replacement. The cost to gain a kg of weight was similar (p>0.05) for each of diets 1 to 4 but significantly (p<0.05) less than that of diet 5. The gross margin was lesser when SNM replaced maize in diets at 100%. Replacement of maize with SNM in diets up to 75% has no negative effect of growth performance and economics of production, however, at 100% replacement levels; there was a decreased feed intake, increased cost per kg weight gain, and a reduced gross margin.

scholarly journals Straw bedded pigsties height: Effect on growth and skin lesion of pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 91-98
Author(s):  
O. A. Adebiyi ◽  
A. A. Famakinwa ◽  
F. G. Adebiyi ◽  
T. O. Bankole ◽  
E. O. Benneth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Skin Lesion ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Highest Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Feed Utilisation ◽  
Guinea Grass

In order to ensure sustainable pig production in most tropical countries, alternative flooring systems need to be investigated and adopted. This five-week experiment was carried out to investigate the growth performance and skin lesion score of 36 weaned pigs raised on different heights of Guinea Grass Straw (GGS) beddings. The pigs were separated into four treatments in triplicate, in a completely randomized design. The treatments were: T1: 0m (concrete floor: without GGS), T2: 0.1m GGS, T3: 0.2m GGS and T4: 0.3m GGS. At the end of the experiment, data were collected on growth performance: final weight, weight gain, feed intake while feed conversion ratio (FCR) was calculated and skin lesions (front, middle and rear) measured. All data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA). Pigs on 0.2m had the highest (p<0.05) weight gain (4.75kg) compared with its counterparts on 0.1m (4.28kg), 0.3m (3.94kg) and T1(3.34kg). Final weight followed similar trend with pigs in 0.2m (9.94kg) having the highest weight compared with 0.1m (9.40kg), 0.3m (9.22kg) and T1 (8.55kg). The highest FCR (4.72) was recorded for pigs on 0m (control) which was an indication of poor feed utilisation while the least was with pigs on 0.2m (3.39). The result for skin lesion for the different parts revealed the least lesion occurred in pigs on 0.3m and higher occurrence in pigs on T1. Generally, skin lesions occur most at the front legs and heads. It can be concluded that the use of guinea grass straw at 0.1m and 0.2m height can improve the performance of weaned piglets while a height of 0.3m results in reduced skin lesions score.   Afin d'assurer une production porcine durable dans la plupart des pays tropicaux, des systèmes de revêtement de sol alternatifs doivent être étudiés et adoptés. Cette expérience de cinq semaines a été réalisée pour étudier les performances de croissance et le taux de lésion cutanée de 36 porcs sevrés élevés sur différentes hauteurs de litières de paille de guinée (le 'GGS'- paille d'herbe de Guinée). Les porcs ont été séparés en quatre traitements en triple, dans une conception complètement aléatoire. Les traitements étaient: T1: 0 m (sol en béton: sans GGS), T2: 0,1 m'GGS', T3: 0,2 m'GGS' et T4: 0,3 m'GGS'. À la fin de l'expérience, des données ont été recueillies sur les performances de croissance: poids final, gain de poids, prise alimentaire tandis que le ratio de conversion alimentaire (FCR) a été calculé et les lésions cutanées (avant, milieu et arrière) mesurées. Toutes les données obtenues ont été soumises à une analyse de variance (ANOVA). Les porcs sur 0,2 m avaient le gain de poids le plus élevé (p <0,05) (4,75 kg) par rapport à leurs homologues de 0,1 m (4,28 kg), 0,3 m (3,94 kg) et T1 (3,34 kg). Le poids final a suivi une tendance similaire avec les porcs de 0,2 m (9,94 kg) ayant le poids le plus élevé par rapport à 0,1 m (9,40 kg), 0,3 m (9,22 kg) et T1 (8,55 kg). Le FCR le plus élevé (4,72) a été enregistré pour les porcs à 0 m (témoin), ce qui était une indication d'une mauvaise utilisation des aliments, tandis que le moins était pour les porcs à 0,2 m (3,39). Le résultat de la lésion cutanée pour les différentes parties a révélé que la moindre lésion était survenue chez les porcs à 0,3 m et plus chez les porcs en T1. En général, les lésions cutanées surviennent le plus au niveau des pattes avant et de la tête. On peut en conclure que l'utilisation de paille d'herbe de Guinée à 0,1 m et 0,2 m de hauteur peut améliorer les performances des porcelets sevrés tandis qu'une hauteur de 0,3 m entraîne une réduction du score des lésions cutanées.

scholarly journals Performance and Carcass Analysis of Growing Snails Fed Calopogonium mucunoides (Calopo) And Pueraria phaseoloides (Kudzupuero)

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-90
Author(s):  
A. J. Omole
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Pueraria Phaseoloides ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Highest Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Growth Performances ◽  
Calopogonium Mucunoides ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

An experiment was carried out to determine the effect of feeding growing snails with two different leguminous plants, Calopogonium muculoides, Pueraria phaseoloides, using pawpaw (Carica papaya) leaf as control. A total of 72 growing snails (Archachatina marginata) of mean weight 74.73/3.5g were used for the feeding trial. The snails were randomly alloted into 3 different groups and each group was replicated 4 times with 6 snails per replicate in a completely randomized design. Snails in T1 were fed pawpaw leaf (control), while snails in T2 were fed Calopogolium muculoides. Parameters measured were feed intake, weight gain, shell length and width and feed conversion ratio. The feeding trial lasted for 12 weeks. The results on growth performances reveal that the highest feed intake was recorded in snails fed pawpaw leaf (PL) which was similar to the those fed Pueraria phaseoloids (PP), while the lowest feed intake was recorded in snail fed with Calopognium muculoids (CM). The highest weight gain was also recorded in snails fed with pawpaw leaf and Peuraria phaseoloids (PP) than those fed Calopognium muculoides (CM). In conclusion, Pueraria phaseoloids could be used as substitute for pawpaw leaf.

scholarly journals Efficacy of acidified phytase supplemented cottonseed meal based diets on growth performance and proximate composition of Labeo rohita fingerlings

2023 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Ahmad ◽  
S. M. Hussain ◽  
S. Ali ◽  
M. Zubair-ul-Hassan Arsalan ◽  
S. Tabassum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Cottonseed Meal ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Labeo Rohita ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Highest Weight ◽  
Randomized Design

Abstract The growth of aquaculture sector is strongly dependent upon the continuous supply of inexpensive fish feed with balanced nutritional profile. However, fish meal (FM) is unable to satisfy this demand due to its scarce supply and high cost. In order to test the potential of cottonseed meal (CSM) as a fish meal replacer, a feeding trial of 12 weeks was conducted to check growth performance and proximate composition of Labeo rohita fingerlings. The protein ration of the test feed was satisfied by replacing FM with CSM at 0, 25, 50 and 75%. Sixteen test diets viz., TD1 (control), TD2, TD3, TD4, TD5, TD6, TD7, TD8, TD9, TD10, TD11, TD12, TD13, TD14, TD15 and TD16 were supplemented with citric acid (CA; 0 and 2.5%) and phytase (PHY; 0 and 750 FTU/kg) in a completely randomized design with 3×3 factorial arrangement. The highest weight gain (11.03g), weight gain% (249.21%), specific growth rate (1.39) and best feed conversion ratio (1.20) were recorded by fish fed with TD12. Furthermore, the same level increased the crude protein (59.26%) and fat (16.04%) being significantly different (p<0.05) than that of control. Conclusively, the addition of acidified phytase (CA; 2.5%, PHY; 750 FTU/kg) in TD12 (CSM=50%) led to the improved growth and proximate composition of L. rohita fingerlings.

scholarly journals Effect of Varying Levels of Chromium Propionate on Growth Performance and Blood Biochemistry of Broilers

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arif ◽  
Hussain ◽  
Mahmood ◽  
Abd El-Hack ◽  
Swelum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Blood Biochemistry ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Chromium Propionate ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Skin Removal

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of varying levels of chromium propionate on blood biochemistry and growth performance of broilers (1–35 days). Five diets were formulated by using chromium propionate with inclusion levels of 0, 200, 400, 800 and 1600 ppb. A total of 300 broilers were divided into 5 groups with 6 replicates of 10 birds in each under completely randomized design. The starter feed intake remained unaffected (p > 0.05) whereas finisher and overall feed intake was different (p < 0.05) among different experimental groups. Feed conversion ratio and weight gain in starter, finisher and overall improved significantly (p < 0.05) with the increasing levels of chromium propionate. Blood glucose was decreased (p < 0.05) with increasing dietary chromium level. Chromium supplementation did not affect antibodies titers against NDV and AIV-H9. Neither live, hilal, after skin removal, eviscerated, chest weight and legs with shanks weight nor liver and heart weights were affected (p > 0.05) while gizzard weight reduced significantly (p < 0.05) due to supplementation of chromium. On the basis of results, it may be concluded that chromium propionate supplementation improved weight gain and FCR and reduced blood glucose. However, better performance and weight gain may be achieved if chromium propionate is added at the rate of 400 ppb in broiler diets.

scholarly journals The effects of different types of bedding on the performance, skeletal and behavioral characteristics, hygienic and immunity conditions of suckling Holstein calves

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-247
Author(s):  
S. M. J. Hosseini ◽  
T. Tanha ◽  
H. Maghsoodi
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
The Other ◽  
Behavioral Characteristics ◽  
Highest Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Holstein Calves ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Experimental Treatments

To investigate the effects of bedding types on the performance, skeletal and behavioral characteristics, health and immunity conditions of suckling Holstein calves, an experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design using 80 Holstein calves. The calves were distributed over 5 treatments and 4 replicates (each replicate included 2 male and 2 female calves). The 5 experimental treatments werechaff, straw, bagasse, sand, or mat. The results showed that the highest feed intake was related to the sand and chaff beddings and the highest weight gain (P<0.05) was found for the chaff, straw and sandbeddings . Withers height was highest and lowest for straw and mat treatments, respectively (P<0.05). The longest standing and resting times in calf behavior (P<0.05) were found for the sand and straw treatments, respectively. In cleanness, nose, eye, and joint scorings, the highest amount of con-tamination was related (P<0.05) to the mat and sand treatments . For immunity parameters, bagasse treatment showed the highest level of eosinophils (P<0.05) compared to the other treatments. Accord-ing to the results, it can be concluded that the straw bedding has better characteristics for growth, be-havior, and health of calves compared to the other beddings.

The effects of oil palm leaf meal-based diets on the growth performance and haematological indices of Red Sokoto goats

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
A.I. Ukanwoko ◽  
C.T. Alfred
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Leaf Meal ◽  
Haematological Indices ◽  
Palm Leaf

An experiment was carried out to determine the growth performance and haematological indices of Red Sokoto goats placed on oil palm leaf meal (OPLM)-wheat offal based diet. Six goats aged 12-18 months, weighing 15 – 20kg were randomly assigned to three treatments, comprising two animals each in a Completely Randomized Design. Each animal received 1kg of the diet daily for 56 days and weighed weekly. Results showed that final body weight was significant (P<0.05) with goats on T3 having the highest (21.50kg). The feed intake, body weight gain and Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) were significantly different (P<0.05). T3 had the highest feed intake (305.35g/d), highest body weight gain (90.84g/d) and the best FCR (3.36). Significant differences (P <0.05) were observed in the Red Blood Cell (RBC), Packed Cell Volume (PCV) and Haemoglobin (Hb) counts, ranging between 3.12 - 4.20x106ml; 23.00 -30.50% and 7.70 - 10.15g/dl respectively with goats on T3 having the highest.  The inclusion of OPLM enhanced body weight gain, FCR, RBC, PCV, and Hb counts of the goats. Therefore the oil palm leaf meal diets are recommended for better goat production. Key word: Growth performance; Oil Palm Leaf meal., Blood profile., Creatinine., Red Sokoto Goat.

scholarly journals Growth Performance of Philippine Native Chicken Fed Diet Supplemented with Varying Levels of Madre de Agua (Trichanthera gigantea Nees) Leaf Meal

2016 ◽  
pp. 174-182
Author(s):  
Clarita Morbos ◽  
Dinah Espina
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Leaf Meal ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Commercial Chicken ◽  
Confinement System ◽  
Native Chickens

This study aimed to assess the effects of different levels of Trichanthera gigantea leaf meal (TGLM) supplementation on the growth performance of Philippine Native chickens fed commercial chicken grower ration. A total of 96 three-month old native chickens of two sexes were randomly distributed to the four treatments with 3 replicates and 4 chickens per replicate in a 2 x 4 factorial in Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Under semi-confinement system, the dietary treatments consisted of 0, 5, 10, and 15% levels of TGLM supplementation for 13 weeks. Results revealed that cumulative voluntary feed intake (VFI) increased as TGLM supplementation increased, and was significantly highest with 15% level at weeks 10, 11 and 12. Although differences were not significant except at weeks 4 and 7, there was a decreasing trend in cumulative weight gain (CWG) with increasing TGLM level. Average daily gain (ADG) was not significantly affected by varying levels of TGLM supplementation, and feed conversion efficiency (FCE) showed a decreasing trend as TGLM level increased and was only significantly low (p<0.01) with 15% level at week 7. Comparing between sexes, the males were significantly higher than females in all production performance parameters. Therefore, TGLM is palatable but not adequate enough to supply the nutrients needed for a comparable weight gain with that of 0% supplementation, and a 5 10% inclusion in the diet is recommended.

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