scholarly journals The effects of different types of bedding on the performance, skeletal and behavioral characteristics, hygienic and immunity conditions of suckling Holstein calves

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-247
Author(s):  
S. M. J. Hosseini ◽  
T. Tanha ◽  
H. Maghsoodi
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
The Other ◽  
Behavioral Characteristics ◽  
Highest Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Holstein Calves ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Experimental Treatments

To investigate the effects of bedding types on the performance, skeletal and behavioral characteristics, health and immunity conditions of suckling Holstein calves, an experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design using 80 Holstein calves. The calves were distributed over 5 treatments and 4 replicates (each replicate included 2 male and 2 female calves). The 5 experimental treatments werechaff, straw, bagasse, sand, or mat. The results showed that the highest feed intake was related to the sand and chaff beddings and the highest weight gain (P<0.05) was found for the chaff, straw and sandbeddings . Withers height was highest and lowest for straw and mat treatments, respectively (P<0.05). The longest standing and resting times in calf behavior (P<0.05) were found for the sand and straw treatments, respectively. In cleanness, nose, eye, and joint scorings, the highest amount of con-tamination was related (P<0.05) to the mat and sand treatments . For immunity parameters, bagasse treatment showed the highest level of eosinophils (P<0.05) compared to the other treatments. Accord-ing to the results, it can be concluded that the straw bedding has better characteristics for growth, be-havior, and health of calves compared to the other beddings.

scholarly journals Study Of The Effect Of Different Ratios of Forage To Concentrate On Performance And Carcass Traits Of Zel Fattening Lambs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Mohsen Mousavi Kashani ◽  
Shahabodin Gharahveysi ◽  
Kaveh Jafari Khorshidi
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Linear Change ◽  
Slaughter Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Experimental Treatments

Abstract Fattening refers to the proper management and feeding of livestock to achieve maximum weight gain at a minimum cost over a specified period of time. This study aimed to determine the most effective ratio of forage to concentrate on feed intake, performance, and carcasses of male Zel fattening lambs. The present study was performed using 20 lambs of 16-week-old for 90 days in a completely randomized design with four treatments and five replications at the Islamic Azad University of Qaemshahr. Experimental treatments included different ratios of forage to concentrate (80:20, 70:30, 60:40, and 50:50). Traits were measured during the fattening period. The collected data were analyzed by LSmeans procedure and regression in SAS software. Effect of different ratios of forage to concentrate was significant on all performance traits (p < 0.01), slaughter weight (p < 0.05), weight gain during rearing (p < 0.05), daily weight gain (p < 0.05), feed intake (p < 0.01), feed conversion ratio (p < 0.01), the weight of digestive system contents (p < 0.05), hot and cold carcass weight (p < 0.05), carcass percentage (p < 0.05) and thickness Backfat (p < 0.05). The linear change in the mentioned traits is due to the increase of the concentrate to forage ratio (p < 0.01). As the percentage of concentrate in the ration increases, feed intake increases. The concentrate is palatable and contains more energy and nutrients than forage. Therefore, lambs that consumed more concentrate had higher body weight and slaughter weight. Based on the results for optimal performance in fattening lambs, a ration with the ratio of forage to concentrate equal (50:50) is recommended.

scholarly journals Effect of stocking density on performance, carcass yield, productivity, and bone development in broiler chickens Cobb 500®

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4Supl1) ◽  
pp. 2705
Author(s):  
Cleoneide Dos Santos Henrique ◽  
Andréia Fróes Galuci Oliveira ◽  
Thales Silva Ferreira ◽  
Eduardo Santos Silva ◽  
Bruna Finotti Fonseca Reis de Mello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Bone Development ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Total Phase ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

This study aimed to assess the effect of stocking density of 10, 12, 14, and 16 birds m?2 on performance, carcass and cut yields, productivity, and bone development of broiler chickens Cobb 500®. The experimental design was completely randomized design with four treatments (stocking densities) and four replications. The assessments were performed weekly at 1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 days. The best live weight result was found at a density of 10 birds m?2 in the period from 1 to 7 days. No effect of density was observed on feed intake and weight gain. From 1 to 14 days, the best live weights were found at densities of 10, 12, and 14 birds m?2, in addition to a higher feed intake at densities of 10 and 12 birds m?2. Weight gain was better at a density of 10 birds m?2, showing no differences from densities of 12 and 14 birds m?2. In the period from 1 to 21 days, live weight and weight gain were higher at densities of 10, 12, and 14 birds m?2. The highest feed intake was observed at a density of 10 birds m?2, which showed no difference from the density of 14 birds m?2. A difference (P < 0.05) was observed for live weight, weight gain, and feed intake of animals reared at densities of 10, 12, and 14 birds m?2 for the phases from 1 to 35 days and the total phase from 1 to 42 days of bird age when compared to 16 birds m?2, which presented lower performance. However, feed conversion of 1-7, 1-14, 1-21, 1-35, and 1-42 days and carcass and cut characteristics showed no significant differences for all treatments. On the other hand, productivity was higher in the treatments with 14 and 16 birds m?2, but without difference between each other. No interaction (P > 0.05) was observed between stocking density and age for the assessed bone parameters. Similarly, no difference (P > 0.05) was observed for bone development of broiler chickens reared at different stocking densities for the studied parameters. Thus, the increased density of 10 or 12 birds m?2 to 14 birds m?2 has no influence on zootechnical performance, carcass and cut yields, and bone development, but increases broiler chicken productivity reared in a conventional shed without air conditioning.

scholarly journals Kajian kinerja pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup ikan kerapu macan (Ephinephelus fuscogusttatus) menggunakan pakan hewani yang berbeda

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Munawwar Khalil ◽  
Salamah Salamah ◽  
Zumairi Zumairi ◽  
Muliani Muliani
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Live Feed ◽  
Highest Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Length Increase ◽  
Epinephelus Fuscoguttatus ◽  
Tiger Grouper ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The tiger grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) is an economically important fish whose fry still relies on natural catches. Several species of grouper are very potential to be cultivated because of their fast growth, efficient feed conversion, and high selling value. The purpose of this study is growth performance and survival rate tiger grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) used different live feed. The research design used in this study was a Completely Randomized Design with 3 treatments 3 replications and continued with LSD test if there were differences. The treatments given are treatment A (Snail), treatment B (Chicken Intestine), and treatment C (Caterpillar Maggot). Parameters observed were length increase, weight gain, survival, feed response, and water quality. The results of this study indicate that the highest increase was found in the treatment of C: 4,04 cm and the lowest was in treatment B: 3 cm, the highest weight gain was found in the treatment of C: 3,73 grams, and the lowest was in treatment B: 2,18 grams. The survival rate for all treatments is 100%. During this study the temperature ranged (28.6-31.8 oC), pH (6.7-8.2), DO (6.3-8.1 ppm), and salinity (23-27 ppt).Keywords: growth, live feed, survival rate, tiger grouper.

scholarly journals Purified glycerin in balanced diets for chicken broilers from 8 to 21 days old

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mônica Calixto da Silva ◽  
Roberta Gomes Marçal Vieira Vaz ◽  
Kênia Ferreira Rodrigues ◽  
Luciano Fernanades Sousa ◽  
José Henrique Stringhini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Apparent Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

This paper aimed to evaluate the metabolizability, performance and economic viability of purified glycerin inclusion in balanced diets fed to chicken broilers from 8 to 21 days old. Two experiments were conducted. In the first experiment, 100 broilers (14 days old) were distributed in a completely randomized design into two treatments, with five replications of 10 broilers. Treatments consisted of a control diet and a test diet, in which purified glycerin replaced 10% of the control diet. In the second experiment, 200 broilers (8 days old) were distributed in a completely randomized design into four treatments (0, 2, 4 and 6% of purified glycerin inclusion), with five replications of 10 broilers. The weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion, final weight, apparent metabolizable energy (AME), nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy (AMEn), metabolizability coefficients of dry matter (DMMC), crude protein (CPMC) and gross energy (GEMC), and the cost of feed per kg of broiler produced were evaluated. The AME, AMEn, DMMC, CPMC and GEMC from the purified glycerin were 3790 and 3560 kcal/kg, and 83.72, 71.52 and 86.27%, respectively. The glycerin levels did not affect (p>0.05) any of the performance characteristics (weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion and final weight). The lowest feeding cost and the highest gross margin were obtained for broilers fed with 6% purified glycerin. The inclusion of 6% purified glycerin in balanced diets for broilers from 8 to 21 days old was technically and economically feasible.

scholarly journals Effect of lipid sources of diets on broiler performance

2005 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 793-798
Author(s):  
L.J.C. Lara ◽  
N.C. Baião ◽  
C.A.L. Aguilar ◽  
S.V. Cançado ◽  
M.A. Fiuza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Treatment Effect ◽  
The Other ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Broiler Performance ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Poultry Fat ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

A completely randomized design with six replicates of 30 birds per experimental unit was used to evaluate the effect of five fat sources of diets (soybean oil, poultry fat, acidulated soybean oil soapstock and a mix of soybean oil plus poultry fat and soybean oil plus acidulated soybean oil soapstock) on the performance of male Ross broilers, during the growing period (1-45 days of age). The diets for each phase were isonutritional. Broilers fed on soybean oil showed higher weight gain in comparison to the birds fed on diets containing acidulated soybean oil soapstock (P<0.05), but no differences were observed among the other treatments. The feed intake of birds fed on soybean oil was higher compared to the birds fed on acidulated soybean soapstock diet and mix of soybean oil plus acidulated soybean oil soapstock diet. No treatment effect was observed for feed:weight gain ratio and viability. Soybean oil diet resulted in better broiler performance in comparison to acidulated soybean oil soapstock diet.

scholarly journals Effect of dietary inclusion of Anthonata macrophyla meal on the performance of broiler starter chicks

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-273
Author(s):  
C. S. Durunna ◽  
A.B.I. Udedibie ◽  
M.C. Uchegbu
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

A 28-day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary inclusion of Anth:-:: macrophylla meal on the performance of broiler starter chicks. Anthonala macrophyla was harvested from the wild, wushed, chopped into tablets, sun-dried and milled to produce the test meal. The meal contained un diy matter basis 21.11% crude protein, 1.90% crude fat, 2.00% total ash, 5.03% crude fibre and 54.36% nitrogen free extract. Five (5) broiler starter diets were formulated to contain the meal at 0,5,10,15 and 20% level, respectively. One hundred and eighty (180) day-old Anak broiler chicks were divided into 5 groups of thirty-six birds each and randomly allocated to the five treatment rations in a completely randomized design (CRD). Data were collected on feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, protein efficient ratio, cost of production of one kilogramme of each test feed among others and carcass characteristics. At 15 and 20% dietary levels. Anthonata macrophylla significantly (p<0.05) depressed feed intake, daily weight guin, feed conversion and protein efficiency ratios and final weight gain of the birds. Organ weight parameters showed no significant (P>0.05) differences among the treatments. The results of this investigation suggest that Anthonata macrophyla meal can be included in broiler starter ration up to 10% without any deleterious effect on the birds and at this level of inclusion, feed cost was reduced by 10%. 

Effects of different feeding regimes on the growth performance of the giant African land snail Archachatina marginata (Swainson)

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
I.O. Ovat ◽  
P.E. Esor ◽  
O.I. Iwara
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Shell Length ◽  
Land Snail ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Cassava Leaves ◽  
Highest Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Feeding Regimes

Effects of various feeding regimes on the growth performance of the giant African land snail, Archachatina marginata were studied using one hundred and twenty (120 Juvenile snails) weighing 0.66g +1 per snails for a period of 90 days. The treatments were. T1 -Grower starter, T2 - Grower mash, T3 - cocoyam and cassava leaves and T4 - Ripe pawpaw fruits. The Completely Randomized Design was used with four treatments and each replicated three times. The snails were confined in wooden hutch boxes. Data was collected on weekly body weight feed intake, shell length and shell width. Results obtained showed that snails fed with broiler starter diet (T1) had significantly (P<0.05) higher performance in terms of weight gain, feed intake, shell length and the aperture, while pawpaw fruits T4 recorded the least values. The highest values for feed intake was observed in T1 (135.5g) followed by T2 (78.2g), while the least feed intake was observed in T4 (55.7g). Snails fed with T1 recorded the highest weight gain (60.1g) followed by T2 and T3.The lowest weight gain was obtained in T4 (37.9g). Shell length was highest in T1 (20.7mm), closely followed by T2 (19.2mm). The aperture recorded the highest mean values in T1 (20.1mm). The least operculum was recorded in T4 (12.9mm). Therefore, the broiler starter T1 should be used to feed growing snails to improve their performance. Keywords: Snails, Broiler Starter, Grower mesh, Cocoyam leaves, Cassava leaves, Pawpaw fruits, hutch boxes

Intermittent lighting program does not hinder the performance of broiler chickens and promotes energy economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-233
Author(s):  
Ezequiel Somavilla Manfio ◽  
Ianglio Márcio Travassos Duarte Jácome ◽  
Felipe Cardoso Serpa ◽  
Leonardo Faccenda Zanchin ◽  
Maria Fernanda de Castro Burbarelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Energy Economy ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of broiler chickens in different lighting programs. Broiler chickens were fed on feeders of different colours at different breeding phases. In total, 240 Cobb500™ chicks mixed at 1 d of age were used. They were distributed in a completely randomized design. The treatments followed a 2 × 4 factorial design: two lighting programs (continuous and intermittent), and four colours of feeders (white, green, blue, and red). The birds were evaluated for weekly productive performance and the data were submitted to analysis of variance and later Tukey’s test for comparison of means. In the periods 1–7, 1–21, and 1–42 d of age, lighting programs and feeder colours affected weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion. Intermittent red feeders influenced positively the performance of birds. It is possible to replace conventional lighting programs for intermittent lighting programs. Red feeders exert a positive influence on the performance of broiler chickens.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PENGGANTIAN JAGUNG DENGAN MOLASES TERHADAP PERFORMA TERNAK KELINCI

ZOOTEC ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 299
Author(s):  
Monica Sengkey ◽  
Y.L.R. Tulung ◽  
R. Tuturoong ◽  
Y.H.S. Kowel
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feed Ingredients ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Determine Effect

THE EFFECT OF REPLACEMENT OF CORN IN RATION WITH MOLASSES ON RABBIT PERFORMANCE. This study conducted to determine effect of molasses use replacing corn in ration on the performance of rabbits. The study used 25 weaned rabbits at age of 6 weeks old under individual cages. Each cage unit was occupied by 1 rabbit. The design used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 5 treatments and 5 replications was applied in this study. Rates of giving molasses in feed were as follows: Ration containing corn without molasses (R0), Ration replacing corn of 25% with molasses (R1),  Ration replacing corn of 50% with molasses (R2), Ration replacing corn of 75% with molasses (R3), and Ration replacing corn of 100% with molasses (R4). The measured variables were including feed consumption, weight gain, feed conversion and energy consumption. The results showed that the averages of feed consumption were 78.07 to 95.20 g/head/day, weight gain were 9.7 to 12.02 g/head/day, feed conversion were 7.90 to 8.71 g/head/day and energy consumption were 2732.54 to 3076.10 Kcal/Kg. Based on the results analysis, the use of molasses substituting corn had a significantly different effect (P <0.01) on feed consumption, weight gain and energy consumption. Based on this research it can be concluded that molasses can replace corn up to the level of 75% or 35.25% in rabbit animal feed ingredients. Keywords: Molasses, corn, rabbit, feed intake, weight gain

scholarly journals Performance and Carcass Analysis of Growing Snails Fed Calopogonium mucunoides (Calopo) And Pueraria phaseoloides (Kudzupuero)

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-90
Author(s):  
A. J. Omole
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Pueraria Phaseoloides ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Highest Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Growth Performances ◽  
Calopogonium Mucunoides ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

An experiment was carried out to determine the effect of feeding growing snails with two different leguminous plants, Calopogonium muculoides, Pueraria phaseoloides, using pawpaw (Carica papaya) leaf as control. A total of 72 growing snails (Archachatina marginata) of mean weight 74.73/3.5g were used for the feeding trial. The snails were randomly alloted into 3 different groups and each group was replicated 4 times with 6 snails per replicate in a completely randomized design. Snails in T1 were fed pawpaw leaf (control), while snails in T2 were fed Calopogolium muculoides. Parameters measured were feed intake, weight gain, shell length and width and feed conversion ratio. The feeding trial lasted for 12 weeks. The results on growth performances reveal that the highest feed intake was recorded in snails fed pawpaw leaf (PL) which was similar to the those fed Pueraria phaseoloids (PP), while the lowest feed intake was recorded in snail fed with Calopognium muculoids (CM). The highest weight gain was also recorded in snails fed with pawpaw leaf and Peuraria phaseoloids (PP) than those fed Calopognium muculoides (CM). In conclusion, Pueraria phaseoloids could be used as substitute for pawpaw leaf.

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