Effect of Plant Population and Nitrogen on Growth and Dry Matter Yield of Maize in Maiduguri, North Eastern Nigeria

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
UL Undie
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
North Eastern

Effects of Planting Density on Leaf Area and Productivity of Two Maize Cultivars in Nigeria

1982 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. U. Remison ◽  
E. O. Lucas
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Maize Cultivars

SUMMARYTwo maize cvs, FARZ 23 and FARZ 25, were grown at three densities (37,000, 53,000 and 80,000 plants/ha) in 1979 and 1980. Leaf area index (LAI) increased with increase in plant population and was at a maximum at mid-silk. Grain yield was highest at 53,000 plants/ha. There was no relation between LAI and grain yield but there was a positive correlation between LAI and total dry matter yield.

Herbicides for the control of grass weeds in pastures of Townsville stylo (Stylosanthes humilis)

1970 ◽  
Vol 10 (47) ◽  
pp. 790
Author(s):  
IMW Wood
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Stylosanthes Humilis ◽  
Annual Grasses ◽  
Total Plant ◽  
Townsville Stylo

The use of herbicides to control annual grasses in pastures of Townsville stylo (Stylosanthes humilis) was studied at Katherine, N.T. The herbicides chlorthal, trifluralin, benefin, sindone B, and siduron all controlled the annual grasses Digitaria adscendens and Brachiaria ramosa. The outstanding herbicide was chlorthal, which at 6 lb a.i. an acre pre-emergence gave a Townsville stylo dry matter yield of 3250 lb an acre compared with 1130 lb an acre for the unweeded control and 2440 lb an acre for the handweeded control. At maturity there was no grass in the chlorthal plots and 1940 lb an acre in the unweeded control plots. The data suggest that, without defoliation during the growing period, total suppression of Townsville stylo can be expected when the grass population at establishment exceeds 37 per cent of the total plant population.

Magnesium in tropical and subtropical soils from north-eastern Australia. II. Response by glasshouse-grown maize to applied magnesium

Soil Research ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 629 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. Hailes ◽  
R. L. Aitken ◽  
N. W. Menzies
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Relative Yield ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Low Magnesium ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Subtropical Soils

A glasshouse trial, in which maize (Zea mays L. cv. Pioneer 3270) was grown in 35 north-eastern Australian soils of low magnesium (Mg) status, was undertaken to study the response to applied Mg. Of the soils studied, 20 were strongly acidic (pH1:5 soil : water <5·4), and in these soils the response to Mg was studied in both the presence and absence of lime. Magnesium application significantly (P < 0·05) increased dry matter yield in 10 soils, all of which were strongly acidic. However, significant Mg responses were recorded in 6 soils in the presence of lime, indicating that, in many situations, liming strategies may need to include consideration of Mg nutrition. Critical soil test values for 90% relative yield were 0·21 cmol(+)/kg of exchangeable Mg or 7% Mg saturation, whilst the critical (90% yield) plant tissue Mg concentration (whole shoots) was 0·15%.

Effects of nitrogen fertilizer, plant population and irrigation on sugar beet: I. Yields

1971 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Draycott ◽  
D. J. Webb
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Sugar Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Fertilizer Plant

SUMMARYFive experiments (1965–9) on calcareous sandy loam tested all combinations of four amounts of nitrogen (0–1·8 cwt/acre N) and four plant populations (8000–54 000 plants/ acre) given to sugar beet grown with and without irrigation. On average, nitrogen and plant population influenced yields greatly but irrigation relatively little. In all years between 0·6 and 1·2 cwt/acre N and between 17000 and 32000 plants/acre gave largest sugar yield. Giving more nitrogen or increasing the plant population neither increased nor decreased sugar yield much in any year. Irrigation was beneficial in only two out of five years.Sugar yield was linearly related to root dry-matter yield. Although total dry matter was greatest when the largest plant population was given the largest dressing of nitrogen and irrigation, the proportion of dry matter in the roots was decreased by all three factors.

Increasing wheat yields in north-eastern Victoria by liming and deep ripping

1987 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 679 ◽  
Author(s):  
DR Coventry ◽  
TG Reeves ◽  
HD Brooke ◽  
A Ellington ◽  
WJ Slattery
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Lime Treatment ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Lime Application

Wheat grain yields, dry matter production and yield components were measured in a field experiment in north-eastern Victoria over 5 seasons where lime application and deep ripping had been carried out. The soil at the site was strongly acid (pHw 5.2 at 0-1 0 cm) and had a dense hardpan at 7.5- 17.5 cm depth. Grain yields (control yields 1981-85: 1.34, 0.25, 1.64, 2.36, 2.09 t ha-1) were increased each year by both lime (31-103% range) and deep ripping (11- 41% range), but the application of some lime was necessary to obtain benefit from deep ripping. The increased grain yield was mainly due to more heads per metre of row, although head size and grain weight were also increased by lime treatment. Lime increased the dry matter yield of roots and decreased the top to root dry matter ratio. Deep ripping increased the dry matter yield of roots at depth and also reduced root distortion where the hardpan had been shattered. In a drought season, deep ripping increased grain weight. Root disease was accentuated at the higher rates of lime.

The potential of maize as a forage crop in Scotland

1979 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 567-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Potts ◽  
H. A. Waterson ◽  
J. B. A. Rodger ◽  
I. McMartin
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Quadratic Function ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Final Yield ◽  
Plant Population Density

SUMMARYBetween 1972 and 1976 a series of 15 trials was carried out at various climatically favoured sites throughout Scotland to assess the potential of new hybrid maize varieties of European origin under Scottish conditions. No meaningful differences were found between varieties in respect of dry-matter yield or maturity.Seed rates ranged from 100 to 200 × 103 seeds/ha giving final stands from 40 to 194 × 103 plants/ha. Regression analyses for the variety Dekalb 202 included in 54 treatments indicated that the relationship between plant population density and dry-matter yield was partly linear with an important quadratic function, suggesting an optimum of 179 × 103 (± 80 × 103) plants/ha. Plant population density accounted for 65·9% (P < 0·01) of the variance in dry-matter yield but was not significantly related to dry-matter content.Climatic variation between years had no overriding influence on growth and development. Dry-matter production for the variety Dekalb 202 sown in mid-May ranged from 2·86 (1972) to 14·54 t/ha (1975) with associated dry-matter contents of 15·1 and 24·1% respectively. In a few instances slightly higher dry-matter contents (maximum 28·6%) from mid-May sowings were associated with lower yields.Neither date of sowing nor accumulated temperature to harvest measured as Ontario Heat Units was significantly related to yield but date of sowing accounted for 29·5% (P < 0·01) of the variance in dry-matter content. Accumulated Ontario Units at harvest were not significantly related to dry-matter content.An interesting relationship between dry-matter yield and the date on which the crop had received 1379 Ontario Units was found. This relationship may be useful in selecting sites at which maize may be grown or to predict maximum potential final yield in any given season.

Effects of Plant Population and Fertilizer Nitrogen on Growth and Components of Yield of Maize Grown for Silage in Nigeria

1972 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Haggar ◽  
D. C. Couper
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Crop Growth Rate ◽  
Plant Yield ◽  
Fertilizer Nitrogen ◽  
Whole Plant

SUMMARYWeekly measurements in a maize silage crop grown at three populations, each at three levels of nitrogen, showed that leaf area index, crop growth rate and total whole plant yield were greatest at the highest plant population (430,000/ha.) and lowest at the low population (47,000/ha.). At the former maximum yields of dry matter and crude protein occurred approximately seventy-five days from sowing, when the cob contribution was small. With wider spacing maximum yields occurred later. At the intermediate population (107,000/ha.), and with adequate nitrogen, sowing on the square was superior to sowing in wide rows. Nitrogen did not preferentially affect the relative dry matter yield of any growth component; plant population had a greater influence on total whole plant yield than nitrogen.

Optimum harvest date of maize for biogas and silage purposes

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-125
Author(s):  
G. Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Harvest Date ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Vegetative Organs

The dry matter and moisture contents of the aboveground vegetative organs and kernels of four maize hybrids were studied in Martonvásár at five harvest dates, with four replications per hybrid. The dry matter yield per hectare of the kernels and other plant organs were investigated in order to obtain data on the optimum date of harvest for the purposes of biogas and silage production.It was found that the dry mass of the aboveground vegetative organs, both individually and in total, did not increase after silking. During the last third of the ripening period, however, a significant reduction in the dry matter content was sometimes observed as a function of the length of the vegetation period. The data suggest that, with the exception of extreme weather conditions or an extremely long vegetation period, the maximum dry matter yield could be expected to range from 22–42%, depending on the vegetation period of the variety. The harvest date should be chosen to give a kernel moisture content of above 35% for biogas production and below 35% for silage production. In this phenophase most varieties mature when the stalks are still green, so it is unlikely that transport costs can be reduced by waiting for the vegetative mass to dry.

Nitrogen Fertilization of Basil

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 481a-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rangappa ◽  
H.L. Bhardwaj
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Sweet Basil ◽  
Broad Leaf ◽  
Yield Difference ◽  
Optimum N Rate ◽  
N Rates

Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) is an important culinary herb in Virginia and other areas. The objective of this study, conducted during 1997, was to determine optimal N rate for fresh and dry matter yield. Seed of Broad Leaf sweet basil were direct-seeded on 18 June in rows 0.75 m apart in a RCBD design with 8 replications. Four N rates (0, 25, 50, and 75 kg N/ha) were used. Calcium nitrate (15.5% N) was used as the fertilizer source. All plants from 1-m row length from middle row of each plot were harvested by hand on 23 Sept. and fresh weights were recorded. The plant material was dried at 70°C for 48 h to record dry weights. The moisture content at harvest was calculated from fresh and dry weights. The fresh yields following 0, 25, 50, and 75 kg N/ha were 3.7, 5.4, 6.4, and 6.8 kg/m2, respectively. The yield difference between two highest N rates was not significant, however, both these rates had significantly higher yield than the two lowest rates. Similar results were also obtained for dry matter yields. The highest N rate of 75 kg N/ha resulted in significantly higher dry matter yield (1.3 kg/m2) as compared to the other three rates. The lowest dry matter yield was obtained after the control treatment (0.6 kg/m2). An opposite relationship between N rate and moisture content was observed when the highest moisture content resulted from control and 50 kg N/ha treatments. These results indicate that optimum N rate for sweet basil in Virginia is 50 to 75 kg/ha.

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