Azadirachta indica (Neem) Seed Extracts: A Supplement for Culture Medium for Growth of Aspergillus niger

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
O C Adekunle
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Neem Seed ◽  
Seed Extracts

scholarly journals Characterization and optimization of extracellular enzymes production by Aspergillus niger strains isolated from date by-products

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reda Bellaouchi ◽  
Houssam Abouloifa ◽  
Yahya Rokni ◽  
Amina Hasnaoui ◽  
Nabil Ghabbour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Extracellular Enzymes ◽  
Enzyme Expression ◽  
Specific Enzyme ◽  
Enzymatic Production ◽  
High Production Rate ◽  
High Production ◽  
Incubation Temperatures ◽  
By Products

Abstract Background This work aims to study the optimal conditions of the fermentation culture medium used for the production of extracellular enzymes (amylase, cellulase, lipase, and protease) from previously isolated Aspergillus niger strains in date by-products. Results The five most powerful isolates selected based on the zone of degradation formed on Petri plates by the substrate were subjected to the quantitative evaluation of their enzymatic production. All five strains showed almost similar API-ZYM profiles, with minor variations observed at the level of some specific enzyme expression. The production of cellulase and amylase was depending on pH and incubation temperatures. ASP2 strain demonstrated the high production rate of amylase (at pH 5 and 30 °C) and cellulase (at pH 6 and 30 °C) for 96 h of incubation. Conclusion The A. niger showed the ability to produce several extracellular enzymes and can be used in the valorization of different agroindustrial residues.

Effects of termite damage to maize of seed extracts of Azadirachta indica and Piper guineense in farmers' fields

1999 ◽  
Vol 133 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. C. UMEH ◽  
M. F. IVBIJARO
Keyword(s):  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Piper Guineense ◽  
Termite Attack ◽  
Macrotermes Bellicosus ◽  
Maize Yields ◽  
Natural Insecticides ◽  
Cropping Seasons ◽  
Local Plants ◽  
Seed Extracts

The efficacy of insecticides derived from two local plants was tested on termites infesting maize in maize–cassava–‘Egusi’ melon intercrops in two farmers' fields in south-western Nigeria during the 1989/90 and 1990/91 cropping seasons. The intercrops consisted of 40000, 20000, and 10000 maize plants/ha, with a fixed population of 10000 plants/ha of both cassava and melon. The insecticides were aqueous extracts of ripe seeds of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) and the crude seed oil of Piper guineense Schum And Thonn, each at 10% concentration at the rate of 390 litres/ha and 18 litres/ha, respectively. On the plots treated with these natural insecticides, damage by termites [Microtermes spp., Macrotermes bellicosus Smeathman = nigeriensis Sjostedt and M. subhyalinus Rambur (Isoptera: Termitidae)] was significantly lower and maize yields higher than on the control plots. The mean percentage of maize stems attacked by termites (considering all categories of termite damage) in untreated plots during the trials ranged between 0–22% in 1989 and 2–46% in 1990. Planting densities did not significantly influence termite attack on maize. Cassava and melon plants or cassava tubers were not attacked by termites in any of the trials and their yields were not affected by insecticide treatments or planting density of maize.

scholarly journals Efecto insecticida del extracto de semillas de Neem (Azadirachta indica) sobre Collaria scenica, Stal (Hemiptera: Miridae)

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Antonio Villamil Montero ◽  
Natalia Naranjo ◽  
Mario Andres Van Strahlen
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Neem Seed ◽  
Insecticidal Effect ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Mortality Percentage ◽  
Neem Seed Extract

El presente trabajo se desarrollo con el objetivo de evaluar o efeito insecticida del extracto etanólico de semillas de Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) sobre ninfas de la chinche de los pastos Collaria scenica Stal. Para eso, se elaboró un extracto a partir de frutos inmaduros de Neem mediante rotaevaporación. El extracto fue diluido en tres concentraciones de ppm que corresponden a los tratamientos. Por medio de cromatografías en capa delgada se determinó la presencia de Azaridactina. Se realizó un experimento DCA de 4 tratamientos y 5 repeticiones que incluyó las tres concentraciones del extracto y un control. En cada repeticion se usaron 15 ninfas, colocadas aleatoriamente en cajas plásticas herméticas con alimento y la concentración correspondiente. Diariamente se realizó una aplicación del extracto y se registró porcentaje de mortalidad, número de exuvia y número de individuos que llegaron al estado adulto en cada tratamiento. Los resultados fueron analizados con prueba Kruskal-wallis y Games-Howell para cada variable. Las tres concentraciones del extracto de semillas de Neem presentaron un efecto negativo sobre el desarrollo de las chinches. El tratamiento más concentrado (250ppm) fue el más eficaz presentando una mortalidad del 97%, menor número de exubias y menor número adultos al final del ensayo. Insecticide Effect of Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) Seed Extract against Collaria scenica Stal (Hemiptera: Miridae) Abstract. This work was developed with the objetive to evaluate the insecticidal effect of the Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) seeds against grass bug nymphs Collaria scenica Stal. For that, an extract was prepared from green fruits of Neem by rotaevaporación. The extract was diluted in three ppm concentrations corresponding to treatments. Using thin-layer chromatography we identified the presence of Azaridactina. DCA essay was carried out with 4 treatments and 5 repetitions that included the three extract concentrations and a control. In each repetition were used 15 nymphs, randomly placed in plastic boxes with food and the corresponding concentration. Every day an extract application was made and recorded mortality percentage, number of exuviae and number of individuals who came to adulthood in each treatment. The results were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Games-Howell for each variable. The three concentrations of Neem seed extract had a negative effect on the development of the bugs. The more concentrated treatment (250 ppm) was the most effective, showing a 97% mortality, fewer exuvias and and fewer adults in the end of the experiment.

scholarly journals Productivity and Composition of Fatty Acids in Chicks fed with Azadirachta indica A. Juss

2015 ◽  
pp. 4564-4571
Author(s):  
Imna Trigueros V ◽  
Miguel Ramón C ◽  
José Vázquez O ◽  
Juan Aguirre M ◽  
Carlos Garcia C ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Neem Seed ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Seed Flour ◽  
Omega 6

ABSTRACTObjective. Evaluate the productivity and composition of fatty acids in chicks fed diets enriched with neem Azadirachta indica A. Juss seed flour. Materials and methods. 80 mixed broiler chicks of Arbor Acres stock and levels 0, 1, 3 and 5% neem seed flour added to a commercial diet were evaluated. 20 experimental units were included in each treatment for five weeks. The consumption and weight gain were recorded, as well as the composition of fatty acids in the fat by means of alkaline transesterification. Data was statistically analyzed by a completely random procedure and the measurements were compared with the Tukey test(p≤0.05). Results. The greatest weight gain, consumption and best feed conversion were found in the treatment that contains 1% neem seed flour. It also produced the increase in the proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially linoleic acid (C18:2 Omega-6) and eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5 omega-3), and the proportion of palmitic acid (C16:0). The consumption of feed diminished when 5% of neem flour was added. Conclusions. It was demonstrated that incorporating 1% neem seed flour in the diet of broiler chicks modifies the consumption of fatty acids without harming its productive behavior.RESUMENObjetivo. Evaluar la productividad y composición de ácidos grasos en pollos alimentados con dietas adicionadas con harina de semilla de neem Azadirachta indica A. Juss. Materiales y métodos. Se emplearon 80 pollos mixtos de la estirpe Arbor Acres de engorda y se evaluaron los niveles 0, 1, 3 y 5% de harina de semilla de neem añadidos a una dieta comercial. En cada tratamiento se tuvieron 20 unidades experimentales con una duración de cinco semanas. Se registró el consumo y la ganancia de peso, así como la composición de los ácidos grasos de la grasa mediante transesterificación alcalina. Los datos se analizaron estadísticamente por el procedimiento completamente al azar y las medias se compararon con la prueba de Tukey (p≤ 0.05). Resultados. La mayor ganancia de peso, consumo y la mejor conversión alimenticia correspondió al tratamiento que contenia 1% de harina de semilla de neem. También propició el aumento en la proporción de ácidos grasos poliinsaturados especialmente en el ácido linoleico, (C18:2 omega-6) y en el ácido eicosapentaenoico (C20:5 omega-3), y de manera concomitante se redujo la proporción del ácido palmítico (C16:0). El consumo de alimento disminuyó al adicionar 5% de harina de neem. Conclusiones. Se demostró que la incorporación de 1% de harina de semilla de neem en la dieta de los pollos de engorda modifica la composición de ácidos grasos sin perjudicar su comportamiento productivo.

Study of anti-inflammatory effect of neem seed oil (Azadirachta indica) on infected albino rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
ManasRanjan Naik ◽  
Divya Agrawal ◽  
Rasmirekha Behera ◽  
Ayon Bhattacharya ◽  
Suhasini Dehury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Neem Seed ◽  
Neem Seed Oil ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

scholarly journals Gold Bioleaching from Printed Circuit Boards of Mobile Phones by Aspergillus niger in a Culture without Agitation and with Glucose as a Carbon Source

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosalba Argumedo-Delira ◽  
Mario J. Gómez-Martínez ◽  
Brenda Joan Soto
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Printed Circuit Boards ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Circuit Boards ◽  
Printed Circuit ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
Low Energy Consumption ◽  
Fungal Consortium

Hydrometallurgical and pyrometallurgical processes to recover gold (Au) from cell-phone printed circuit boards (PCBs) have the disadvantage of generating corrosive residues and consuming a large amount of energy. Therefore, it is necessary to look for biological processes that have low energy consumption and are friendly to the environment. Among the biological alternatives for the recovery of Au from PCB is the use of cyanogenic bacteria and filamentous fungi in cultures with agitation. Considering that it is important to explore the response of microorganisms in cultures without agitation to reduce energy expenditure in the recovery of metals from PCB, the present investigation evaluated the capacity of Aspergillus niger MXPE6 and a fungal consortium to induce Au bioleaching from PCB in a culture medium with glucose as a carbon source and without agitation (pH 4.5). The results indicate that the treatments with PCB inoculated with the fungal consortium showed a considerable decrease in pH (2.8) in comparison with the treatments inoculated with A. niger MXPE6 (4.0). The fungal consortium showed a significantly higher Au bioleaching (56%) than A. niger MXPE6 (17%). Finally, the use of fungal consortia grown without agitation could be an alternative to recover metals from PCB, saving energy and material resources.

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