scholarly journals Formation evaluation of the petrophysical properties of wells in e - field onshore Niger Delta, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 962-971
Author(s):  
M. Ilevbare ◽  
O.M. Omorogieva
Keyword(s):  
Niger Delta ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Water Reservoir ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Effective Porosity ◽  
Petrophysical Properties ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
Minimum Thickness ◽  
Reservoir Water ◽  
Water Contact

Integrated wireline logs and lithostratigraphic techniques were employed to determine the lithological and petrophysical properties of wells A and B in E- field, onshore Niger Delta. The Reservoirs in both wells were analyzed using a minimum thickness or depth of penetration of 5.0m. For the two wells, Gas Water Contact (GWC), Gas Oil Contact (GOC), and Oil Water Contact (OWC) were found to be present at varying formation depths. GWC, GOC, and OWC at depth of 2967.50m, 3348m and 2286m respectively for well A and a GOC at depth 1715m for well B. The correlation of both wells reveals a gas reservoir, water reservoir, and a non-resistive, but highlyconductive zone at 2450m, 2500m, and 2150m depth respectively. The formation porosity (∅𝑫), total porosity (∅𝑻), effective porosity (∅𝑬) and resistivity values of well A ranges from (27.27 - 39.59) %, (1.3x10 –1 - 37.82) %, ( 1.638x10– 4 – 81. 38)%, (2.05 - 150)Ωm respectively. Conversely, well B measured (27.27 - 36.50) %, (2.25x10–2 - 93.0) %, (9.75x10– 4 - 32.79) % and (2 – 200) Ωm respectively. Hydrocarbon saturation (SHC) and Bulk volume of Hydrocarbon (BVH) for well A ranges from (73.27-95.10)% and (24.24 - 34. 58)% while that of well B ranges from (77.10 - 97. 90)% and (23.36 - 35.53)% for SHC and BVH respectively. The average ∅𝑻 and ∅𝑬 of 56.2% and 42.6% reveal excellent porosities in well A and reservoirs 2,3,4a and 11 in well B with average ∅𝑻and ∅𝑬 of 37.82% and 30.6% also show an excellent porosities. The result from the Petrophysical indices indicates pay zones at reservoirs 10a, 10b and 11 in well A andreservoir 11 in well B which are predominantly gas reserves. Keywords: Reservoirs, Onshore, Oil and Gas, Petrophysical properties, Niger Delta and Lithology 

scholarly journals 3D Petrophysical Modelling Of Queen Field, Onshore Niger Delta, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 1941-1947
Author(s):  
C Eze ◽  
G Emujakporue ◽  
DC Okujagu
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Data ◽  
Niger Delta ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Effective Porosity ◽  
Sequential Gaussian Simulation ◽  
Petrophysical Properties ◽  
Shale Volume ◽  
Fine Grain ◽  
Constrained Models

Petrophysical-Modelling is indispensable in upstream Projects, considering the high cost, risks and uncertainties associated with this sector. Petrophysical qualities for Queen Field was modeled using Information obtained and analyzed from well-logs and 3-D Seismic data. Coarse-grain, Medium- grain and fine-grain Sands as well as Shale were all delineated by GR log. Results of petrophysical evaluation conducted on seven reservoir intervals correlated across the field showed that; Shale volume was below 35%, Total Porosity are > 20% Effective Porosity are >15% Permeability is > 380.00mD all of this conforms to excellent reservoir quantity. Seismic interpretation showed the presence of synthetic and antithetic faults. Two horizons were mapped on seismic data and utilized for modeling. These models were the framework for facies and petrophysical properties distribution. Facies models were generated using sequential indicator simulation while petrophysical properties were generated using sequential gaussian simulation algorithm. A comparison was further done between facies constrained and non-facies constrained models. It was found that for Porosity, Permeability, Water of Saturation and Shale Volume Models not constrained to facies all showed overestimated Models, in addition Stochastic STOIIP not constrained to facies gave an Over Estimated P50 value for Surface I and O Reservoir Interval as 624.028M, 76.28MM, when compared to Stochastic Hydrocarbon STOIIP when constrained to facies that showed Stochastic P50 value of 513,247 and 67.04MM for surface I and O and Deterministic STOIIP of 742.90M and 87.88MM. This study validates the practice of constraining Petrophysical model to facies available on the field as the best practice. Keywords: Queen Field, Onshore, Niger Delta, 3D Petrophysical.

scholarly journals Characterization of Mishrif Formation Reservoir in Amara Oil Field, Southeast Iraq, Using Geophysical Well-logging

2021 ◽  
pp. 4702-4711
Author(s):  
Asmaa Talal Fadel ◽  
Madhat E. Nasser
Keyword(s):  
Reservoir Characterization ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Water Saturation ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Effective Porosity ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Neutron Density ◽  
Reservoir Water ◽  
Resistivity Logs ◽  
Reliable Knowledge

     Reservoir characterization requires reliable knowledge of certain fundamental properties of the reservoir. These properties can be defined or at least inferred by log measurements, including porosity, resistivity, volume of shale, lithology, water saturation, and permeability of oil or gas. The current research is an estimate of the reservoir characteristics of Mishrif Formation in Amara Oil Field, particularly well AM-1, in south eastern Iraq. Mishrif Formation (Cenomanin-Early Touronin) is considered as the prime reservoir in Amara Oil Field. The Formation is divided into three reservoir units (MA, MB, MC). The unit MB is divided into two secondary units (MB1, MB2) while the unit MC is also divided into two secondary units (MC1, MC2). Using Geoframe software, the available well log images (sonic, density, neutron, gamma ray, spontaneous potential, and resistivity logs) were digitized and updated. Petrophysical properties, such as porosity, saturation of water, saturation of hydrocarbon, etc. were calculated and explained. The total porosity was measured using the density and neutron log, and then corrected to measure the effective porosity by the volume content of clay. Neutron -density cross-plot showed that Mishrif Formation lithology consists predominantly of limestone. The reservoir water resistivity (Rw) values of the Formation were calculated using Pickett-Plot method.   

scholarly journals Petrophysical Properties and Well Log Interpretations of Tertiary Reservoir in Khabaz Oil Field / Northern Iraq

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 18-34
Author(s):  
Yousif Najeeb Abdul-majeed ◽  
Ahmad Abdullah Ramadhan ◽  
Ahmed Jubiar Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Water Saturation ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Effective Porosity ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Neutron Density ◽  
Petrophysical Properties ◽  
Secondary Porosity ◽  
Northern Iraq ◽  
Sonic Log ◽  
Oil Concentration

The aim of this study is interpretation well logs to determine Petrophysical properties of tertiary reservoir in Khabaz oil field using IP software (V.3.5). The study consisted of seven wells which distributed in Khabaz oilfield. Tertiary reservoir composed from mainly several reservoir units. These units are : Jeribe, Unit (A), Unit (A'), Unit (B), Unit (BE), Unit (E),the Unit (B) considers best reservoir unit because it has good Petrophysical properties (low water saturation and high porous media ) with high existence of hydrocarbon in this unit. Several well logging tools such as Neutron, Density, and Sonic log were used to identify total porosity, secondary porosity, and effective porosity in tertiary reservoir. For Lithological identification for tertiary reservoir units using (NPHI-RHOB) cross plot composed of dolomitic-limestone and mineralogical identification using (M/N) cross plot consist of calcite and dolomite. Shale content was estimated less than (8%) for all wells in Khabaz field. CPI results were applied for all wells in Khabaz field which be clarified movable oil concentration in specific units are: Unit (B), Unit (A') , small interval of Jeribe formation , and upper part of Unit (EB).

scholarly journals Evaluation of Mishrif Reservoir in Abu Amood Oil Field, Southern Iraq

2021 ◽  
pp. 4758-4768
Author(s):  
Ahmed Hussain ◽  
Medhat E. Nasser ◽  
Ghazi Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Total Porosity ◽  
Effective Porosity ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Well Logs ◽  
Neutron Density ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Petrophysical Properties ◽  
Density Method ◽  
Southern Iraq

     The main goal of this study is to evaluate Mishrif Reservoir in Abu Amood oil field, southern Iraq, using the available well logs. The sets of logs were acquired for wells AAm-1, AAm-2, AAm-3, AAm-4, and AAm-5. The evaluation included the identification of the reservoir units and the calculation of their petrophysical properties using the Techlog software. Total porosity was calculated using the neutron-density method and the values were corrected from the volume of shale in order to calculate the effective porosity. Computer processed interpretation (CPI) was accomplished for the five wells. The results show that Mishrif Formation in Abu Amood field consists of three reservoir units with various percentages of hydrocarbons that were concentrated in all of the three units, but in different wells. All of the units have high porosity, especially unit two, although it is saturated with water.

scholarly journals WELL LOGS ANALYSIS TO ESTIMATE THE PARAMETERS OF SAWAN-2 AND SAWAN-3 GAS FIELD

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
Raja Asim Zeb ◽  
Muhammad Haziq Khan ◽  
Intikhab Alam ◽  
Ahtisham Khalid ◽  
Muhammad Faisal Younas
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Water Saturation ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Effective Porosity ◽  
Indus Basin ◽  
Log Analysis ◽  
Neutron Density ◽  
Gas Field ◽  
Lower Goru Formation

The lower Indus basin is leading hydrocarbon carriage sedimentary basin in Pakistan. Evaluation of two sorts out wells namely Sawan-2 and Sawan-3 has been assumed in this work for estimation and dispensation of petro physical framework using well log data. The systematic formation assessment by using petro physical studies and neutron density cross plots reveal that lithofacies mainly composed of sandstone. The hydrocarbon capability of the formation zone have been mark through several isometric maps such as water saturation, picket plots, cross plots, log analysis Phie vs depth and composite log analysis. The estimated petro physical properties shows that reservoir have volume of shale 6.1% and 14.0%, total porosity is observed between 14.6% and 18.2%, effective porosity ranges 12.5-16.5%, water saturation exhibits between 14.05% and 31.58%, hydrocarbon saturation ranges 68.42% -86.9%, The lithology of lower goru formation is dominated by very fine to fine and silty sandstone. The study method can be use within the vicinity of central Indus basin and similar basin elsewhere in the globe to quantify petro physical properties of oil and gas wells and comprehend the reservoir potential.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Mishrif Formation Characteristics in Kumait and Dujaila Oil Fields, Southern Iraq, Using Seismic Inversion Method and Petrophysical Properties Analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 3294-3307
Author(s):  
Ahmed S. Al-Banna ◽  
Nowfal A. Nassir ◽  
Ghazi H. Al-Sharaa
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Impedance ◽  
Water Saturation ◽  
Water Reservoir ◽  
Seismic Inversion ◽  
Effective Porosity ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
Inversion Method ◽  
Oil Reservoir ◽  
Petrophysical Properties ◽  
Southern Iraq

A comparison was conducted between two wells, Kt-1and Kt-2, in Kumait and two wells, Du-1and Du-2, in Dujaila oil fields that belong to Mishrif formation, southern Iraq.  Seismic inversion method was employed to detect oil and water reservoirs. The comparison included the behavior of acoustic impedance (AI) of fluids and the lithology with related petrophysical properties. The values of water saturation, Shale volume (Vsh), and effective porosity were compared between the AI,  two fluid reservoirs. It was found that the AI value for the oil reservoir unit is relatively low to medium, whereas it was relatively medium for the water reservoir. Effective porosity value showed, in general, an increase in the oil reservoir and a slightly decrease in the water reservoir. The Vsh and water saturation (Sw) values of the oil reservoir unit were in general lower than those in the water reservoir, which indicates the presence of hydrocarbons accumulation. The lithology and porosity are the main factors affecting the acoustic impedance values. Despite the small difference in density between oil and water, these two fluids still show perceptible variation in their properties.  

Laboratory determination of chloride diffusion coefficient in an intact shale

1990 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. S. Barone ◽  
R. K. Rowe ◽  
R. M. Quigley
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Pore Water ◽  
Water Reservoir ◽  
Water Concentration ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Effective Porosity ◽  
Chloride Diffusion ◽  
Fickian Diffusion ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Chloride Diffusion Coefficient

An experimental investigation of diffusive transport of a nonreactive solute (chloride) in saturated, intact Queenston Shale is described. Laboratory tests were performed by placing distilled water in contact with samples of shale having a high initial concentration of chloride in their pore water. Chloride was then permitted to diffuse out of the shale and into the distilled water reservoir for a period of up to 65 days. At the end of each test, the shale sample was sectioned to determine the variation in chloride pore-water concentration with depth through the sample. Fickian diffusion theory was then used to deduce the diffusion coefficient (D). The experimental diffusion coefficient for chloride at a temperature of 22 ± 1 °C ranged from 1.4 × 10−6 to 1.6 × 10−6 cm2/s, which corresponds to a tortuosity (τ) ranging from 0.095 to 0.108. Based on pore size measurements and consideration of the ionic diameter of hydrated chloride, the "effective porosity" available for chloride diffusion is estimated to be greater than 75% of the total porosity calculated from the moisture content of the shale. Key words: diffusion, chloride, rock matrix, Queenston Shale, laboratory study.

A comprehensive evaluation of the productive formation collector of the Kanevskoye field

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-36
Author(s):  
I. I. Bosikov ◽  
A. I. Mazko ◽  
A. V. Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Core Sample ◽  
Effective Porosity ◽  
Comprehensive Assessment ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Resource Base

At the present stage, the development of the oil and gas industry of the Russian Federation is impossible without replenishing the resource base, and therefore an urgent task is to conduct research, prospecting and evaluating petroleum potential in undiscovered areas of fields. The aim of the study is to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the reservoir of the productive formation of the Kanevskoye field. We have carried out mineralogical and petrographic studies, laboratory studies to assess the effective porosity of the core sample by the saturation method, particle size analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis. Our studies have shown that the considered initial sands under consideration, which formed the reservoir rocks of the productive horizon of the Kanevskoye field, were formed by coastal or beach type marine sediments. This is confirmed by the poorly rounded shape of the grains and the presence of glauconite in the rocks. The studied core sample is a fine-grained glauconite-feldspar-quartz sandstone with an admixture of aleurite fraction, with semi-rounded grains, pelitic cement, basal and porous-basal, silt-psammitic structure. The total porosity is 14.3 %. A comprehensive assessment of the reservoir of the productive formation of the Kanevskoye field has been carried out. The reservoir is productive. Therefore, it is necessary to make a project for conducting geological exploration.

A New Standard Design of Lightning Protection System for Offshore and Nearshore Oil and Gas at Tropic Area

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukhtarus Bahroinuddin ◽  
Rosihan Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Offshore Platform ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Lightning Strike ◽  
Lightning Protection ◽  
Minimum Thickness ◽  
Charge Current ◽  
Standard Design ◽  
Literature Reviews ◽  
Rolling Sphere

Abstract Based on NFPA-780, offshore platforms, which made from metal framework of a structure are thought of as "grounded" to the ocean and therefore are not needed to be installed external Lightning Protection System (LPS). PHE ONWJ which located at offshore tropic area has implemented NFPA 80 but still experience lightning hit. It generated fire at vent stack andcause operations interference. So that, the objective of this study is to redesign LPS for tropic area. Firstly, the methodology for this study was conducting literature review from previous researches for lightning protection system at tropic area and researches which underlyingNFPA-780. The literature reviews were focusing on lightning characteristic for tropic area andthe lightning density data from local lighting strike monitors surrounding PHE ONWJ. The result of literature reviews would be the basis of lightning strike event reviews in PHE ONWJ facilities. Subsequently, the authors conducted the equipment layout review using rolling sphere method based on previous lightning strike location. Lastly, Authors proposed the recommendationsfor typical LPS for oil and gas at tropic area. Based on literature reviews,lightning characteristic at tropic area has peak strike current twice the sub-tropic and longer "tail" so that the charge current is larger. Larger the charge current of lightning cause greaterimpact into metal structure that is metal melting. Based on NFPA 780/2011, the offshore platform, which is made by metal, and vessel with minimum thickness 4.8 mm are self-protected. However, based on calculation, with the characteristic of lightning at tropic area, the recommendedminimum vessel thickness is 10 mm. This calculation reinforces the fact that standard of Lightning Protection System in NFPA 780/2011 is not sufficient to be applied in tropic area like Indonesia. After calculating the tropic lightning strike range using rolling sphere method, it isrecommended to redesign lightning protection system for some locations at offshore platform and near shore facilities of PHE ONWJ.The lightning protections system locations and quantities are depending on the area and the needed protected equipment in it.The installation isincluding extended mast terminal, free standing mast, low inductive Double Shielded Down Conductor(DSDC), Lightning Event Counter (LEC), and good grounding system at the platform.

A FRACTAL SCALING LAW BETWEEN TORTUOSITY AND POROSITY IN POROUS MEDIA

Fractals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (02) ◽  
pp. 2050025
Author(s):  
PENG XU ◽  
LIPEI ZHANG ◽  
BINQI RAO ◽  
SHUXIA QIU ◽  
YUQING SHEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porous Media ◽  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Scaling Law ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Fractal Model ◽  
Statistical Characteristics ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Reservoir Water ◽  
Flow Through

Hydraulic tortuosity is one of the key parameters for evaluating effective transport properties of natural and artificial porous media. A pore-scale model is developed for fluid flow through porous media based on fractal geometry, and a novel analytical tortuosity–porosity correlation is presented. Numerical simulations are also performed on two-dimensional Sierpinski carpet model. The proposed fractal model is validated by comparison with numerical results and available experimental data. Results show that hydraulic tortuosity depends on both statistical and morphological characteristics of porous media. The exponents for the scaling law between tortuosity and porosity depend on pore size distribution and tortuous fractal dimension. It has been found that hydraulic tortuosity indicates evident anisotropy for asymmetrical particle arrangements under the same statistical characteristics of porous media. The present work may be helpful to understand the transport mechanisms of porous materials and provide guidelines for the development of oil and gas reservoir, water resource and chemical engineering, etc.

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