Diagnostic yield of computed tomography of the brain in patients with first onset generalized tonic clonic seizures and no other focal neurological deficit in South East Nigeria

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
BA Ezeala-Adikaibe ◽  
S Ohaegbulam ◽  
M Chikani
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Neurological Deficit ◽  
Diagnostic Yield ◽  
Focal Neurological Deficit ◽  
First Onset ◽  
Clonic Seizures ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals Is computed tomography of the brain necessary in patients with clinically suspected depressed skull fracture and no focal neurological deficit?

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
J A Rabie ◽  
S Otto ◽  
A J Le Roux
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Neurological Deficit ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Skull Fracture ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Focal Neurological Deficit ◽  
Depressed Skull Fracture ◽  
The Brain

Objective. The objective of the study was to determine whether computed tomography (CT) of the brain is necessary in all head trauma patients with clinically suspected depressed skull fractures, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores of 13 and above, and no focal neurological deficits. Design. A retrospective descriptive analysis was undertaken of patients of all ages who presented at the trauma unit of the Pelonomi Hospital Complex in Bloemfontein with GCS of 13 to 15, depressed skull fracture, no clinical focal neurological deficit, and who also underwent CT of the brain. Data were obtained from patients' files, and radiological reports and were analysed by the Department of Statistics, University of the Free State. Results. One hundred and thirty-one patients were included in the study, of whom 56 (42.7%) were found to have substantial intracranial pathology as determined by CT. Twenty-four (18.3%) of these patients had a GCS of 13, of whom 6 (25%) had normal CT scans and 18 (75%) intracranial pathology. Twenty-eight (21.37%) of the 56 patients with intracranial pathology had a GCS of 14, of whom 11 (39.3%) had normal CT scans and 17 (60.7%) intracranial pathology. A GCS of 15 was determined in 79 (60.3%) of the 131 patients, of whom 58 (73.4%) had normal CT scans and 21 (26.6%) intracranial pathology. Conclusion. Based on our findings, CT imaging of the brain in patients with a clinically suspected depressed skull fracture despite any clinical neurological deficit and a GCS of 13 or more is warranted in our setting. The likelihood of injury on CT correlated inversely with the GCS.

How often does computed tomography (CT) of the brain demonstrate a cause for psychosis? A 7-year retrospective study at a tertiary metropolitan hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Harris ◽  
Hao Xiang ◽  
Irene Tan ◽  
Varundeep Randhawa
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Diagnostic Yield ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Demyelinating Disorder ◽  
Brain Anomaly ◽  
Metropolitan Hospital ◽  
Significant Pathology ◽  
Ct Brain ◽  
The Brain

Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine the diagnostic yield of computed tomography (CT) of the brain for the investigation of psychosis. Methods: CT brain requests describing psychosis over a 7-year period at a 500-bed major metropolitan hospital were identified retrospectively. Patients were excluded if they were aged greater than 50 years or if the CT request described focal neurological findings on examination, trauma/falls or known brain tumour, demyelinating disorder, encephalopathy, seizure disorder, congenital brain anomaly, stroke or traumatic brain injury. Results: A total of 805 patients meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were identified, representing the largest published study on this topic. Only 0.4% of patients (3 out of 805) had a potential cause for psychosis demonstrated on CT. None of these patients had their management altered as a result. An additional 0.6% of patients (5 out of 805) had significant pathology that was deemed unrelated to their psychosis. Conclusions: The diagnostic value of CT in the setting of psychosis was found to be extremely low in patients meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Given the risk of ionising radiation and the expenditure of time and cost, more judicious use of CT is suggested.

scholarly journals CEREBRAL VENOUS THROMBOSIS SECONDARY TO SARS-COV-2 INFECTION

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heng Gee Lee ◽  
Heng Gee Lee ◽  
Heng Gee Lee ◽  
Heng Gee Lee
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Neurological Deficit ◽  
Cerebral Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Onset Seizure ◽  
Rare Form ◽  
Focal Neurological Deficit ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
First Onset

Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a relatively rare form of neurovascular emergency, and may present as headache, seizure, or focal neurological deficit. It typically has a higher occurrence in younger women. Recently, there are increasingly cases of CVTreported in association with COVID-19, which fall outside the typical demographics, suggesting a hyper-coagulable state attributable to COVID-19. Here, we present a case of CVTin a young gentleman with concomitant COVID-19, who presented with first-onset seizure.

scholarly journals Intracranial foreign body in a child

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 560-563
Author(s):  
Luis Rafael Moscote-Salazar ◽  
Amit Agrawal ◽  
Marticela Cabeza-Morales ◽  
Nasly Zabaleta-Churio ◽  
Willem Guillermo Calderon-Miranda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Neurological Deficit ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Rare Events ◽  
Focal Neurological Deficit ◽  
Intracranial Foreign Body ◽  
Brain Parenchymal ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Intracranial foreign bodies are rare events that occur accidentally and depending on the extent and involvement of the brain parenchymal, generate focal neurological deficit, bleeding and even long-term complications. In present article we describe a case of 4 year child and discuss the approach, management and prognosis.

scholarly journals Post-traumatic arachnoid cyst without neurological sequels

2020 ◽  
pp. 294-297
Author(s):  
Raphael Oliveira Ramos Franco Netto ◽  
João Italo Fortaleza De Melo ◽  
Victor Augusto Ramos Fernandes ◽  
Juliana de Almeida Rodrigues Franco Netto ◽  
Leonardo Gattass Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Physical Examination ◽  
Arachnoid Cyst ◽  
Neurological Deficit ◽  
Nervous Tissue ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Anterior Extension ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Brain

An eight-year-old male patient was admitted to the hospital with a history of left median paramedian frontal craniectomy due to car trauma at six months of age. Axial computed tomography of the skull with reconstruction in three dimensions revealed an arachnoid cyst with slight herniation of the brain in the frontal lobe, leading to protrusion against the skullcap, causing dilation of the ex-vacuum of the anterior extension of the homolateral lateral ventricle. He presented asymmetrical lateral ventricles, a reduced base cistern, and a slightly ectatic IV centred ventricle. After the physical examination, no neurological deficit was found, despite the changes identified in the images. It is believed that such conditions may progressively worsen with the development and maturation of nervous tissue over the age of the assessed child. To confirm this, specialized monitoring is of fundamental importance.

Hypoglycemic Hemiparesis Masquerading As Ischemic Stroke: When Guideline Fails

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 420-422
Author(s):  
Dhruvkumar M. Patel ◽  
Mukundkumar V. Patel ◽  
Jayanti K. Gurumukhani ◽  
Maitri M. Patel ◽  
Himal J. Mahadevia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Thrombolytic Therapy ◽  
Neurological Deficit ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Focal Neurological Deficit ◽  
Random Blood Sugar ◽  
Resident Doctor

Background: Hypoglycemia may rarely present as hemiparesis and sometimes it is difficult to differentiate from ischemic stroke. When random blood sugar (RBS) value is between 50 and 80 mg % in patients presenting with focal neurological deficit, no guideline exists to consider the possibility of hypoglycemia before initiating thrombolytic therapy. Clinical Case: A 58-year-old male, who was a known case of diabetes and hypertension, was brought to the emergency room with acute onset of right hemiparesis and dysarthria of 90 minutes duration. His NIHSS Score was 9, blood pressure was 150/90 mm of Hg and RBS was 79 mg% on admission. His CT scan brain was normal and was considered for thrombolysis. Resident doctor not aware of previous sugar repeated RBS before thrombolysis which was surprisingly 60 mg% 60 minutes after the first RBS. Even though he was a candidate for thrombolysis, intravenous 25 % dextrose was administered considering the possibility of hypoglycemia. He made a complete recovery within 20 minutes and thrombolytic therapy was withheld. : In Diabetic patients with focal neurological deficit and RBS less than 80 mg% on admission, RBS should be rechecked and in appropriate cases should be challenged with IV dextrose considering the possibility of hypoglycemia before commencing thrombolytic therapy.

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