NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS AND GROWTH CONDITIONS FOR PRODUCTION OF LACTASE ENZYME BY SACCHAROMYCES FRAGILIS1

1970 ◽  
Vol 33 (10) ◽  
pp. 451-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. L. Wendorff ◽  
C. H. Amundson ◽  
N. F. Olson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Cheese Whey ◽  
Corn Steep Liquor ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Nutrient Requirements ◽  
Lactase Activity ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Lactose Concentration ◽  
Steep Liquor

Lactase enzyme was produced by Saccharomyces fragilis NRRL Y-1109 grown in deproteinized Cheddar cheese whey. Nutrients and growth conditions required for maximum lactase production were determined. Lactose concentration, sources of growth factors; temperature of incubation, and pH of the whey were the primary factors affecting lactase production. Increased levels of lactose in whey stimulated the yeast to produce higher levels of lactase activity per gram of dried yeast. Corn steep liquor was the best source of added growth factors. Yeast grown under optimum conditions, pH 4.0 to 4.7 and 28 C, yielded 175 units per gram of yeast and 1300 units per liter of whey.

scholarly journals Biohydrogen Production From Agro-industrial Wastes Using Clostridium Beijerinckii and Isolated Bacteria as Inoculum

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter José Martinez-Burgos ◽  
Jair Rosário do Nascimento Junior ◽  
Adriane Bianchi Pedroni Medeiros ◽  
Leonardo Wedderhoff Herrmann ◽  
Eduardo Bittencourt Sydney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Cheese Whey ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Corn Steep Liquor ◽  
Clostridium Beijerinckii ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Biohydrogen Production ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Steep Liquor

Abstract The search for renewable and sustainable sources of energy has been one of the main goals of society in recent years, especially to reduce the environmental impacts of fossil fuels. One promising alternative is the production of hydrogen, which does not emit greenhouse gases and can be produced from agro-industrial wastes. The Clostridium genus is recorded as having high hydrogen yields compared to other genus, with several producing species. The objective of this work was to evaluate biohydrogen production potential of four agro-industrial residues, which were soft drink wastewater, corn steep liquor, cheese whey, and expired Guaraná soft drink, using one model strain Clostridium beijerinckii ATCC 8260 and newly isolated Clostridium butyricum DEBB-B348. The agro-industrial wastes were characterised in terms of monosaccharide, organic acid, amino acid, cation, and anion concentrations and compared to the literature. After performing subsequent experimental designs, the significant factors were cheese whey concentration, corn steep liquor concentration, and fermentation time for C. beijerinckii, and corn steep liquor concentration and fermentation time for C. butyricum (p ≤ 0.05), with an R2 of 0.950 and 0.895, respectively. The maximum hydrogen volume production was 18.5 ± 1.68 mL and 27.4 ± 1.84 mL for each strain, respectively. The C. butyricum 16s rRNA gene phylogenetic tree and the carbohydrate, organic acid, and amino acid kinetics of the optimum medium are also presented. These results indicate a potential hydrogen production process utilising less expensive substrates, proposing more proper disposal for agro-industrial wastes and using an isolated strain with high yield.

scholarly journals Extra- and intra-cellular lipases from a thermophilic Rhizopus oryzae and factors affecting their production

1993 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 978-981 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. Salleh ◽  
R. Musani ◽  
M. Basri ◽  
K. Ampon ◽  
W. M. Z. Yunus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Production ◽  
Rhizopus Oryzae ◽  
Corn Steep Liquor ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Extracellular Enzyme ◽  
Lipase Production ◽  
Intracellular Enzyme ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Steep Liquor

A thermophilic Rhizopus oryzae was isolated, and parameters affecting its production of extra- and intra-cellular lipases were investigated. All carbon sources tested with the exception of sucrose generally inhibited the production of extracellular lipase, but enhanced the production of intracellular lipase. Peptone was the best substrate for extracellular enzyme production, but for intracellular lipase production other substrates such as tryptone, tryptic soy digest, polypeptone, and corn steep liquor gave comparable results. Among lipid substrates, glycerol was the only stimulator of extracellular enzyme production, whereas olive oil, triolein, and oleic acid had very positive effects on intracellular enzyme production. Shaking enhanced the production of both types of enzymes; the temperature optima were 45 and 37 °C for extra- and intra-cellular lipases, respectively. A pH of 5.0 was optimal for production of both enzymes.Key words: lipases, Rhizopus oryzae, production.

BIOCHEMISTRY OF THE USTILAGINALES: V. FACTORS AFFECTING THE FORMATION OF USTILAGIC ACID BY USTILAGO ZEAE

1951 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Thorn ◽  
R. H. Haskins
Keyword(s):  
Submerged Culture ◽  
Corn Steep Liquor ◽  
Ammonium Salts ◽  
Inorganic Salts ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Media ◽  
Steep Liquor

In a study of factors affecting the formation of ustilagic acid by Ustilago zeae (PRL 119) in submerged culture, yields of the acid ranging from 5 to 23 mgm. per ml. were obtained in three to five days, depending upon the concentration of medium constituents and the rate of aeration. The media employed contained cerelose, urea, corn steep liquor, and inorganic salts. Yields of ustilagic acid were usually between 8 and 15 mgm. per ml., corresponding to 12 to 23% conversion of the available glucose, on a carbon basis. Yields of the acid increased with increasing rates of aeration. Urea gave slightly higher yields than did the ammonium salts tested. Corn steep liquor concentration was optimal at 0.06%. Yields of ustilagic acid increased with increasing cerelose concentration, but the rate of conversion of carbohydrate into the acid decreased. About the same yields of ustilagic acid were obtained in shaken 500-ml. flasks, in nine-liter, and 30-liter fermentors.

scholarly journals Optimization of inulinase production using copra waste by K. marxianus var. marxianus

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Dilipkumar ◽  
M. Rajasimman ◽  
N. Rajamohan
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Corn Steep Liquor ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Experimental Designs ◽  
Statistical Methodology ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Burman Design ◽  
Steep Liquor ◽  
Plackett Burman Design

Kluyveromyces marxianus var marxianus was found to secrete a large amount of extracellular inulinase in to the medium. The optimization of inulinase production using copra waste as carbon source was performed with statistical methodology based on experimental designs. The screening of eighteen nutrients for their influence on inulinase production was achieved using a Plackett-Burman design. Corn steep liquor, (NH4)2SO4, ZnSO4.7H2O, K2HPO4 and urea were selected based on their positive influence on inulinase production. The selected components were optimized using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The optimum conditions are: corn steep liquor - 0.0560 (g/gds), (NH4)2SO4 - 0.0084 (g/gds), ZnSO4.7H2O - 0.0254 (g/gds), K2HPO4 - 0.0037 (g/gds) and urea - 0.02147 (g/gds). These conditions were validated experimentally which revealed an enhanced inulinase yield of 372 U/gds.

scholarly journals Optimum conditions for Inulinase production by Aspergillus niger using solid state fermentation

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Corn Steep Liquor ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Inulin Hydrolysis ◽  
Enzyme Productivity ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Quantitative Screening ◽  
Steep Liquor ◽  
Fungal Colony

Thirty local fungal isolates according to Aspergillus niger were screened for Inulinase production on synthetic solid medium depending on inulin hydrolysis appear as clear zone around fungal colony. Semi-quantitative screening was performed to select the most efficient isolate for inulinase production. the most efficient isolate was AN20. The optimum condition for enzyme production from A. niger isolate was determined by busing a medium composed of sugar cane moisten with corn steep liquor 5;5 (v/w) at initial pH 5.0 for 96 hours at 30 0C . Enzyme productivity was tested for each of the yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus, the fungus A. niger AN20 and for a mixed culture of A. niger and K. marxianus. The productivity of A. niger gave the highest specific activity of 153 U/mg, as compared with K. marxianus which gave 86 U/mg.

Anaerobic fermentative production of lactic acid using cheese whey and corn steep liquor

2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 631-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lata Agarwal ◽  
Kakoli Dutt ◽  
Gautam K. Meghwanshi ◽  
R. K. Saxena
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Cheese Whey ◽  
Corn Steep Liquor ◽  
Fermentative Production ◽  
Steep Liquor

MICROBIAL PENTOSANASES: III. SOME FACTORS AFFECTING THE PRODUCTION OF PENTOSANASES BY ASPERGILLUS NIGER AND TRICHODERMA VIRIDE

1959 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Corn Steep Liquor ◽  
Synthetic Medium ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Ammonium Hydroxide ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Steep Liquor ◽  
Mesh Sieve

Of a number of carbohydrates tested, holocellulose from wheat straw and L-arabinose were the better substrates for production of pentosanase by Trichoderma viride. D-Xylose did not induce synthesis of the enzyme by the fungus. Production in a synthetic medium was increased by the addition of malt sprouts, distillers' dried solubles, or glutamic acid.Under the same conditions the production of pentosanase by Aspergillus niger was favored by the water-soluble pentosan of wheat flour, holocellulose, and wheat bran. Both D-xylose and L-arabinose induced synthesis of enzyme. In the synthetic medium the addition of yeast extract, corn steep liquor, malt sprouts, or a number of other nitrogenous adjuncts increased the yield of pentosanase. A medium containing 3% bran ground to pass a 20-mesh sieve, 3% corn steep liquor neutralized with ammonium hydroxide, and 1% calcium carbonate was developed for the production of pentosanase by A. niger. Maximum yield was obtained in 60 hours. The pentosanase had an optimum pH of 5.0 and was stable for 30 minutes at 30 °C between pH 4.0 and 5.8. The pentosanase could be precipitated from the culture filtrates with 76% ethanol and when stored as a dry powder at 2 °C was stable for at least 1 year.

scholarly journals Mixture design applied to the study of bioethanol production from cheese whey and corn steep liquor

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiane Oliveira Farias ◽  
Aline Alberti ◽  
Alessandro Nogueira ◽  
Ivo Mottin Demiate
Keyword(s):  
Cheese Whey ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Corn Steep Liquor ◽  
Lactic Acid Production ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Maximum Growth Rate ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Fermentation Efficiency ◽  
Steep Liquor ◽  
By Products

Apart from creating many positive impacts, the growth of agribusiness has also generates concerns about the production of large amounts of undervalued by-products. Cheese whey and corn steep liquor (from corn flour production, a typical Brazilian food) are among these by-products that can be potential raw materials for obtaining new products such as bioethanol. The objective of this study was to apply an experimental design tool to examine different worts with cheese whey and corn steep liquor for the production of bioethanol. The worts containing 100 % corn steep liquor, and 25 % cheese whey with 75 % corn steep liquor supplemented with glucose were considered the best for the production of bioethanol, with fermentation efficiency reaching around 90 % for both of them. The use of pasteurization and antibiotics was effective in controlling lactic acid production, which results from bacterial contamination. The use of antibiotics showed advantages by reducing the maximum growth rate of yeast, which was reflected in higher rates of fermentation efficiency. The results obtained allowed reaching a high level of ethanol productivity. 

Parametric Optimization of Citric Acid Production from Apple Pomace and Corn Steep Liquor by a Wild Type Strain of Aspergillus niger: A Response Surface Methodology Approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 98-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick T. Sekoai ◽  
Augustine O. Ayeni ◽  
Michael O. Daramola
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Parametric Optimization ◽  
Corn Steep Liquor ◽  
Apple Pomace ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Acid Yield ◽  
Steep Liquor

In this work, parametric optimization of citric acid production (yield) from six process variables: apple pomace (AP) concentration, volume of corn steep liquor (CSL), pH, temperature, methanol concentration, and methanol addition time is reported. Fifty-four experiments were performed according to the Box-Behnken design method. A polynomial regression model was developed from the experimental data and effects of the variables were explained using response surface methodology approach. A coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.92 indicated the significance of the model. The optimum conditions for citric acid yield obtained from the model were 33.81 g/L of AP, 42.5 g/L of CSL, 2.05% (v/v) of methanol concentration, methanol addition time of 33 h, pH 4.54, and temperature of 32.88 °C with a corresponding yield of 62.00 g/L. Conducting an experiment using the optimum conditions gave citric acid yield of 68.26 g/L, a 10% increase over the model results.

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