Organochlorine Pesticides in Spanish Sterilized Milk and Associated Health Risks

1994 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. GARRIDO ◽  
M. JODRAL ◽  
R. POZO
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Organochlorine Pesticides ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Heptachlor Epoxide ◽  
Maximum Residue Limit ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Hch Isomers ◽  
Sterilized Milk

Organochlorine pesticides (α-HCH, β-HCH, lindane, γ-HCH, aldrin, dieldrin, heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, clordane, pp'-DDE, op'-DDD, pp'-DDD, op'-DDT, pp'-DDT endrin and methoxychlor) were investigated in Spanish sterilized milks. Ninety percent of the milk samples were found to be contaminated. Thirty-two percent of the samples were contaminated by clordane and showed levels which exceeded the maximum residue limit permitted in the Directive 86/386/EC for organochlorines in milk as calculated on a lipid basis. Aldrin was only found in one sample, while 89.9% of the samples were contaminated by one or more HCH isomers. Mean heptachlor epoxide contamination (0.026 ppm) was approximately 10 times higher than contamination by heptachlor, There is no health risk involved in the consumption of using sterilized milk in Spain.

scholarly journals Dietary Intake and Residues of Organochlorine Pesticides in Foods from Hsinchu, Taiwan

1999 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 677-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruey-An Doong ◽  
Chen-Yu Lee ◽  
Yuh-Chang Sun
Keyword(s):  
Organochlorine Pesticides ◽  
Organochlorine Pesticide ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Heptachlor Epoxide ◽  
Consumer Health ◽  
Acceptable Daily Intake ◽  
Traditional Markets ◽  
Hch Isomers ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Daily Intakes

Abstract The levels of contamination with various organochlorine pesticides (such as total HCH, heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, aldrin, dieldrin, endrin, endosulfan, and total DDT) of different foods from 3 traditional markets were determined to estimate Taiwanese daily intake of organochlorine pesticides. Of the 18 organochlorine pesticides investigated, α-HCH, β-HCH, lindane, δ-HCH, heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, dieldrin, endrin, α-endosulfan, p,p′-DDE, and p,p′-DDT were detected at concentrations ranging from 0.26 to 10.2 ng/g wet weight. Contamination with organochlorine pesticides followed the order heptachlor > dieldrin > α-endosulfan > HCH isomers > heptachlor epoxide > DDT. Frequencies of detection of organochlorine pesticide residues ranged from 2.0 to 52.3%. α-Endosulfan was the most frequently detected organochlorine pesticide in the foods analyzed, followed by heptachlor epoxide (47.6%) and α-HCH (38.9%). Estimated daily intakes (EDIs) of organochlorine pesticides from foods were 1.137 μg for total HCH, 2.147 μg for heptachlor, 0.702 μg for heptachlor epoxide, 0.624 μg for endosulfan, 0.098 μg for cyclodiene, and 0.541 μg for total DDT. These EDIs were only 0.075% of the acceptable daily intake (ADI) for lindane, 47.5% of ADI for heptachlor and heptachlor epoxide, 0.045% of ADI for total DDT, and 1.01% of ADI for aldrin and dieldrin. Therefore, consumption of the foods analyzed does not pose a risk to consumer health.

scholarly journals Estimation and Human Health Risk Assessment of Organochlorine Pesticides in Raw Milk Marketed in Zagazig City, Egypt

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amal A. Raslan ◽  
Seham Elbadry ◽  
Wageh Sobhy Darwish
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Organochlorine Pesticides ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
World Health ◽  
Milk Samples

Milk is nearly a perfect natural food and is widely used by all segments of our population especially for infants and the elderly. Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) have been used worldwide, particularly in many African countries as in Egypt for the control of pests. OCPs are characterized by their bioaccumulation in the environment, especially in the food chain, where they find their way into the human body. The objectives of this study were initially to estimate the residual concentrations of different OCPs in three kinds of fresh and raw milk from different animals (cattle, buffalo, and goat) marketed in Egypt. Additionally, human dietary intake and risk assessment of OCPs were calculated. The tested OCPs included pp-DDT and its metabolites pp-DDD and pp-DDE; hexachlorohexanes (HCHs) including α HCH and γ HCH; heptachlor and heptachlor epoxide; aldrin and endrin; chlordane, methoxychlor, and hexachloride benzene. The recorded results revealed that goat and buffalo milk samples had the highest incidence of OCPs’ contamination (75% for each), while this percentage was 50% in cow’s milk. The mean values of ΣOCPs were 317.83 ± 34.11, 605 ± 50.54, and 1210.57 ± 99.55 (ppb/ww) in the examined cattle, buffalo, and goat milk samples, respectively. All examined OCPs were within the maximum permissible limits (MPLs) set by World Health Organization with only 10% of goat milk samples exceeding this MRL. The estimated daily intake, noncancer, and cancer health risk assessment of the tested OCPs revealed the potential cancer risk especially among children consuming goat’s milk. The public health importance of such OCPs was discussed.

scholarly journals Human Health Risk Surveillance of Organochlorine Pesticides in River Water and Fishes from Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1777-1785
Author(s):  
G. M. M. Anwarul Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
River Water ◽  
Organochlorine Pesticides ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Fish Samples

Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are chlorinated hydrocarbons that used extensively in the last century for agricultural purposes. Excess use of OCPs results pesticide residues accumulation in the water and fishes and causes various health problems. The concentrations of Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) residues in water and fish samples of six most contaminated rivers surrounding Dhaka, Bangladesh namely Buriganga, Turag, Balu, Sitalakhya, Bangshai and Dhaleswari were determined and assessed the possible health risks through consumption of accumulated OCPs in fishes from those rivers. .As we know, OCPs are non-biodegradable and thus remain in the environment as pollutants. Therefore, OCPs exposure must be monitored and controlled to reduce the human health risks. Risk assessment is an important procedure to quantify the potential health risks and provides information the risk managers to control the overuse of OCPs. The concentrations of OCPs residues were determined by Gas Chromatography tandem Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). After sample collection, sample was extracted and analyzed according to the validated method. Several OCPs residues including Aldrin, p,p-DDE, Eldrine ketone, p,p-DDD, Endrin, α-Endosulfan, Heptachlorepoxide, p,p-DDT, Endosulfan sulfate and β-Endosulfan were detected in river water and residues including Aldrin, p,p-DDE, Heptachlorepoxide, p,p-DDD, Endrin and p,p-DDT were detected in fish samples. The Health risk index (HI) values of Aldrin, p,p-DDE, Heptachlorepoxide, p,p-DDD, Endrin and p,p-DDT from analyzed three fish species (Acanthobrama microlepis, Barbonymus gonionotus and Batasio tengana) were ranged from 0.036 to 1.696, 0.029 to 2.007, 0.022 to 1.117, 0.0231 to 0.721, 0.019 to 1.597 and 0.019 to 1.205 for Buriganga, Turag, Balu, Sitalakhya, Bangshai and Dhaleswari rivers respectively. OCPs are quantified in river water and fish samples and potential health risks are accessed. This study suggested that, there might have OCPs mediated health risks through long term exposure of OCPs residues from fishes of those polluted rivers. Although, our study provided estimation about the presence of OCPs in water and fishes from six contaminated rivers surrounding Dhaka city but, further studies are suggested to ensure the safety of peoples.

Assessment of systemic and carcinogenic health risks of persistent organochlorine pesticide residues in four fruit vegetables in south-western Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gideon Oluwasogo Odewale ◽  
Mosudi Babatunde Sosan ◽  
John Adekunle Oyedele Oyekunle ◽  
Adeoluwa Oluwaseyi Adeleye
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Heptachlor Epoxide ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Endosulfan Sulphate ◽  
Systemic Health

PurposeThe study assessed the levels of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and their potential non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks in four regularly consumed fruit vegetables.Design/methodology/approachThe OCPs’ residues were quantified using a gas chromatograph coupled with an electron capture detector (GC-ECD) and the dietary exposure of children, and adult consumers to the detected OCPs was evaluated using carcinogenic and systemic health risk estimations.FindingsAldrin, endrin, endrin aldehyde, a-endosulfan, β-endosulfan, endosulfan sulphate, heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide and dieldrin were detected in the four fruit vegetables. The predominant OCP residue in carrot, cucumber, tomatoes and watermelon was endosulfan sulphate with mean concentrations of 2.532 mg kg−1, 1.729 mg kg−1, 2.363 mg kg−1 and 1.154 mg kg−1, respectively. The residues levels in some of the fruit vegetables were higher than their respective maximum residue levels (MRLs) of 0.01–0.05 mg kg−1 set by the European Commission with concentrations above MRLs ranging between 25.5% and 100%. The systemic health risk estimations showed that the hazard index (HI) values for carrot (3.20), cucumber (9.25), tomatoes (50.21) and watermelon (16.76) were >1 for children consumers and the respective HI values of 2.87, 15.57 and 5.20 for adult consumers of cucumber, tomatoes and watermelon were >1 which implies potential systemic health risks. Four carcinogens (aldrin, dieldrin, heptachlor and heptachlor epoxide) had cancer risk index values greater than the acceptable risk of 1 in 1 million for both adult and children consumers.Originality/valueThe paper shows that despite the ban on the use of OCPs in Nigeria, they are still being used for agricultural production especially on some locally produced and regularly consumed fruit vegetables as reported in the present study. The non-existence of surveillance programmes on pesticide usage and the lack of proper monitoring of pesticide residues in food products including fruit and vegetables must have contributed to the levels of the detected OCP in the samples analysed. The current daily intake of OCP via contaminated vegetables may pose potential health risks to both the children and adult consumers of the fruit vegetables.

scholarly journals Organochlorine Pesticides Occurrence In Fish Muscle And Their Public Health Risks In Northwest Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birhan Agmas ◽  
Marshet Adugna
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Organochlorine Pesticides ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Concentration Level ◽  
Fish Muscle ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Fish Food ◽  
Muscle Sample ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Pesticides are the parent compounds, their metabolites, and associated impurities of agricultural and health chemical inputs. If they are found concentration level higher than the standard limits, they have potential negative impacts on ecosystem in general and in fish and humans in particular. This study investigates organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) residue occurrences in fish muscle and assesses their public health potential risks, in North West Ethiopia. The concentration of OCPs residue under GC-ECD detected in 37.84% fish muscle samples. The mean amount detected were Endosalfan I, 341.50 ± 32.19 μg/kg; Endosalfan II, 36.01 ± 2.3μg/kg; Endosalfan sulfate, 5.43 ± 4.06 μg/kg; 4,4, DDE, 64.01 ± 9.08μg /kg; 4, 4, DDD, 5.65 ± 3.12μg /kg; and 4,4, DDT, 1.58 ± 0.30μg/kg. The mean concentration of Endosalfan I tested fish muscle sample was higher than that of permissible limit of different international standards. However, due to low per capital consumption rate of fish origin food in Ethiopia, health risk index (HRI) ranges from 0.002-0.1275 which shows there is no public health risk. This study highlights the possibilities of chemical residues occurrence in fish food products and hence pesticide use regulations and monitoring concentration level should be implemented regularly to avoid human and environmental health risks.

Assessment of organochlorine pesticides and health risk in tobacco farming associated with River Barandu of Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ammara Taufeeq ◽  
Mujtaba Baqar ◽  
Faiza Sharif ◽  
Mehvish Mumtaz ◽  
Sami Ullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Organochlorine Pesticides

scholarly journals Anthropogenic nitrate in groundwater and its health risks in the view of background concentration in a semi arid area of Rajasthan, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdur Rahman ◽  
N. C. Mondal ◽  
K. K. Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Probabilistic Approach ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Arid Area ◽  
Oral Exposure ◽  
Background Concentration ◽  
Semi Arid

AbstractAn increased nitrate (NO3−) concentration in groundwater has been a rising issue on a global scale in recent years. Different consumption mechanisms clearly illustrate the adverse effects on human health. The goal of this present study is to assess the natural and anthropogenic NO3− concentrations in groundwater in a semi arid area of Rajasthan and its related risks to human health in the different groups of ages such as children, males, and females. We have found that most of the samples (n = 90) were influenced by anthropogenic activities. The background level of NO3− had been estimated as 7.2 mg/L using a probabilistic approach. About 93% of nitrate samples exceeded the background limit, while 28% of the samples were beyond the permissible limit of 45 mg/L as per the BIS limits. The results show that the oral exposure of nitrate was very high as compare to dermal contact. With regard to the non-carcinogenic health risk, the total Hazard Index (HITotal) values of groundwater nitrate were an average of 0.895 for males, 1.058 for females, and 1.214 for children. The nitrate health risk assessment shows that about 38%, 46%, and 49% of the samples constitute the non-carcinogenic health risk to males, females, and children, respectively. Children were found to be more prone to health risks due to the potential exposure to groundwater nitrate.

scholarly journals Frequency and Prioritization of Patient Health Risks from a Structured Health Risk Assessment

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 505-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Phillips ◽  
R. E. Glasgow ◽  
G. Bello ◽  
M. G. Ory ◽  
B. A. Glenn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Patient Health

Preliminary Findings on Korean Adolescents' Perceptions of Health Risks

2007 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 995-1000
Author(s):  
Youngho Kim
Keyword(s):  
High Schools ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
The Self ◽  
Korean Students ◽  
Korean Adolescents ◽  
Korean Version ◽  
Risk Judgments

The current study investigated how Korean adolescents perceive their own health risks and compare likelihood of their own health risks with those of others at the same age. 416 Korean students ( M = 16.2 yr., SD = .6) who attended junior high and high schools in Seoul completed a Korean version of the Self-Other Risk Judgments Profile. Analysis indicated adolescents tend to have unrealistic perceptions of their vulnerability to most health risks and perceived their own likelihood of encountering all health risk events as lower than that of others.

scholarly journals Human Health Risk Distribution and Safety Threshold of Cadmium in Soil of Coal Chemical Industry Area

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 678
Author(s):  
Kai Zhang ◽  
XiaoNan Li ◽  
ZhenYu Song ◽  
JiaYu Yan ◽  
MengYue Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Chemical Industry ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Oral Intake ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Kriging Interpolation Method ◽  
Industry Area

Cadmium (Cd) is a highly carcinogenic metal that plays an important role in the risk management of soil pollution. In this study, 153 soil samples were collected from a coal chemical plant in northwest China, and the human health risks associated with Cd were assessed through multiple exposure pathways. Meanwhile, by the Kriging interpolation method, the spatial distribution and health risks of Cd were explored. The results showed that the average concentration of Cd in the soil was 0.540 mg/kg, which was 4.821 and 5.567 times that of the soil background value in Ningxia and China, respectively. In comparison, the concentration of Cd in the soil was below the national soil environmental quality three-level standard (1.0 mg/kg). In addition, health risk assessment results showed that the total carcinogenic risk of Cd was 1.269 × 10−6–2.189 × 10−6, both above the acceptable criteria (1 × 10−6), while the hazard quotient was within the acceptable level. Oral intake and ingestion of soil particles were the main routes of exposure, and the carcinogenic risk control value of oral intake was the lowest (0.392 mg/kg), which could be selected as the strict reference of the safety threshold for Cd in the coal chemical soil. From Kriging, a prediction map can be centrally predicted on heavy metal pollution in the area surrounding the coal entrance corridor and pedestrian entrance. This study can provide a theoretical basis for the determination of the heavy metal safety threshold of the coal chemical industry in China.

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