Basic Characteristics Of The Materials Used In The Construction Of Swimming Pools

2000 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Swimming Pools ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Materials Used

Photovoltaic Solar Modules of Different Types and Designs for Energy Supply

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Panchenko ◽  
Andrey Izmailov ◽  
Valeriy Kharchenko ◽  
Yakov Lobachevskiy
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Amorphous Silicon ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Russian Research ◽  
Research Institute

The article presents photovoltaic solar modules that have a different design and purpose. The principles of photoconversion in solar cells, materials used in their manufacture and basic characteristics of solar cells are described. Solar cells of amorphous silicon and two-sided solar cells are considered. Photovoltaic planar and matrix solar modules with extended lifetime are presented. Solar tiles and compact folding photovoltaic solar modules, as well as paraboloid concentrator of solar radiation for solar cogeneration plants are presented. Also considered cascade solar cells and solar modules with the decomposition of the light. The considered photovoltaic solar modules are investigated and manufactured in the All-Russian Research Institute of Electrification of Agriculture and Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, Moscow, Russia.

Photovoltaic Solar Modules of Different Types and Designs for Energy Supply

2021 ◽  
pp. 731-752
Author(s):  
Vladimir Panchenko ◽  
Andrey Izmailov ◽  
Valeriy Kharchenko ◽  
Yakov Lobachevskiy
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Amorphous Silicon ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Russian Research ◽  
Research Institute

The article presents photovoltaic solar modules that have a different design and purpose. The principles of photoconversion in solar cells, materials used in their manufacture and basic characteristics of solar cells are described. Solar cells of amorphous silicon and two-sided solar cells are considered. Photovoltaic planar and matrix solar modules with extended lifetime are presented. Solar tiles and compact folding photovoltaic solar modules, as well as paraboloid concentrator of solar radiation for solar cogeneration plants are presented. Also considered cascade solar cells and solar modules with the decomposition of the light. The considered photovoltaic solar modules are investigated and manufactured in the All-Russian Research Institute of Electrification of Agriculture and Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, Moscow, Russia.

scholarly journals Asaia spp., acetic acid bacteria causing the spoilage of non-alcoholic beverages

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Iveta Šístková ◽  
Iveta Horsáková ◽  
Mariana Hanková ◽  
Helena Čížková
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Acetic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
General Introduction ◽  
Adhesive Properties ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Microbiological Stability ◽  
Sensory Defects ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Materials Used

After a general introduction and introduction to acetic acid bacteria, this work focuses on the genus Asaia, which causes sensory defects in non-alcoholic beverages. Asaia representatives have strong adhesive properties for materials used in the food industry, where they subsequently form biofilms and are highly resistant to chemical preservatives. After the basic characteristics of the genus Asaia and its influence on humans, the main part of the paper deals with microbial contamination of beverages by these bacteria. The paper summarizes the knowledge of the influence of packaging materials on the development of defects in beverages and the use of natural bioactive substances and plant extracts as an alternative to maintaining the microbiological stability of beverages.

scholarly journals Suitability of Tyre Derived Geomaterial Mixed with Gravel to be used in Gabion Type Retaining Wall

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3S3) ◽  
pp. 412-416
Keyword(s):  
Slope Failure ◽  
Retaining Wall ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Sieve Analysis ◽  
Soil Movement ◽  
Material Recycling ◽  
Artificial Rainfall ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Study Laboratory

The disposal of scrap tyre is a major problem in developing countries. Material recycling is adopted in order to promote safer disposal (beside conventional dump and thermal recycling). Tyre derived geomaterial (TDGM) are proposed to be used in construction of gabion type retaining wall to prevent slope failure that has been a serious geotechnical threat in many countries. The reason of choosing tyre is not only to help in reducing the stockpiling of scrap tyre generated in environmental friendly way but also to reduce the dependency of gravel as the material to filled current gabion wall. In this study, laboratory scale model of gabion wall was developed to protect soil slope. Various proportion mixture of gravel:TDGM were used to construct the gabion wall. The protected slope was subjected to an artificial rainfall of 13mm/hour. Soil movement from commencement of the test until the slope failed was recorded by using transducers. Sieve analysis, specific gravity test and compaction test were conducted beforehand upon all materials used in the study to determine basic characteristics of the materials. From this study, it is found that, due to its lightweight properties, the use of TDGM (tyre chips and tyre buffer) as unique material in gabion wall was insufficient to reduce the displacement of the gabion wall. Larger displacement of gabion wall was recorded in the case of gravel:TDGM mixture was used to fill gabion wall. TDGM need to be mixed with large amount of gravel (at least 80% by volume) to increase the self-weight of the gabion wall and increase its stability.

Deformation Replication

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 280-281
Author(s):  
J. Temple Black
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Rake Face ◽  
Orthogonal Machining ◽  
Aluminum Chips ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Glass Knife ◽  
Very High

Tool materials used in ultramicrotomy are glass, developed by Latta and Hartmann (1) and diamond, introduced by Fernandez-Moran (2). While diamonds produce more good sections per knife edge than glass, they are expensive; require careful mounting and handling; and are time consuming to clean before and after usage, purchase from vendors (3-6 months waiting time), and regrind. Glass offers an easily accessible, inexpensive material ($0.04 per knife) with very high compressive strength (3) that can be employed in microtomy of metals (4) as well as biological materials. When the orthogonal machining process is being studied, glass offers additional advantages. Sections of metal or plastic can be dried down on the rake face, coated with Au-Pd, and examined directly in the SEM with no additional handling (5). Figure 1 shows aluminum chips microtomed with a 75° glass knife at a cutting speed of 1 mm/sec with a depth of cut of 1000 Å lying on the rake face of the knife.

High Voltage Transmission Microscopy of Surveyor III Camera Shrouds

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 138-139
Author(s):  
W. R. Duff ◽  
L. E. Thomas ◽  
R. M. Fisher ◽  
S. V. Radcliffe
Keyword(s):  
Alloy Sheet ◽  
Transmission Microscopy ◽  
Television Camera ◽  
Window Method ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Microstructural Effects ◽  
Lunar Environment ◽  
Successful Retrieval ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Abrasive Paper

Successful retrieval of the television camera and other components from the Surveyor III spacecraft by the Apollo 12 astronauts has provided a unique opportunity to study the effects of a known and relatively extensive exposure to the lunar environment. Microstructural effects including those produced by micro-meteorite impact, radiation damage (by both the solar wind and cosmic rays) and solar heating might be expected in the materials used to fabricate the spacecraft. Samples received were in the form of 1 cm2 of painted unpainted aluminum alloy sheet from the top of the camera visor (JPL Code 933) and the sides (935,936) and bottom (934) of the lower camera shroud. They were prepared for transmission electron microscopy by first hand-grinding with abrasive paper to a thickness of 0.006". The edges were lacquered and the sample electropolished in 10% perchloric methanol using the “window” method, to a thickness of ~0.001". Final thinning was accomplished by polishing 3 mm punched disks in an acetic-phosphoric-nitric acid solution.

Structure-property relationships of PE/PP sandwiched films

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 454-455
Author(s):  
J. Petermann ◽  
G. Broza ◽  
U. Rieck ◽  
A. Jaballah ◽  
A. Kawaguchi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Ionic Crystals ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Polymer Systems ◽  
Structure Property Relationships ◽  
Oriented Films ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Polymer Laminates ◽  
Heated Glass

Oriented overgrowth of polymer materials onto ionic crystals is well known and recently it was demonstrated that this epitaxial crystallisation can also occur in polymer/polymer systems, under certain conditions. The morphologies and the resulting physical properties of such systems will be presented, especially the influence of epitaxial interfaces on the adhesion of polymer laminates and the mechanical properties of epitaxially crystallized sandwiched layers.Materials used were polyethylene, PE, Lupolen 6021 DX (HDPE) and 1810 D (LDPE) from BASF AG; polypropylene, PP, (PPN) provided by Höchst AG and polybutene-1, PB-1, Vestolen BT from Chemische Werke Hüls. Thin oriented films were prepared according to the method of Petermann and Gohil, by winding up two different polymer films from two separately heated glass-plates simultaneously with the help of a motor driven cylinder. One double layer was used for TEM investigations, while about 1000 sandwiched layers were taken for mechanical tests.

Development of imaging plate for a TEM and its characteristics

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 100-101
Author(s):  
N. Mori ◽  
T. Oikawa ◽  
Y. Harada ◽  
J. Miyahara ◽  
T. Matsuo
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Protective Layer ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Imaging Plate ◽  
Phosphor Layer ◽  
Imaging Device ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
New Type ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Reading System

The Imaging Plate (IP) is a new type imaging device, which was developed for diagnostic x ray imaging. We have reported that usage of the IP for a TEM has many merits; those are high sensitivity, wide dynamic range, and good linearity. However in the previous report the reading system was prototype drum-type-scanner, and IP was also experimentally made, which phosphor layer was 50μm thick with no protective layer. So special care was needed to handle them, and they were used only to make sure the basic characteristics. In this article we report the result of newly developed reading, printing system and high resolution IP for practical use. We mainly discuss the characteristics of the IP here. (Precise performance concerned with the reader and other system are reported in the other article.)Fig.1 shows the schematic cross section of the IP. The IP consists of three parts; protective layer, phosphor layer and support.

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