Clara Reeve, ‘Letter XIV’ (‘The Plan of a Female Community’)

2021 ◽  
pp. 445-455
Author(s):  
Jane Hinckley
Keyword(s):  
Female Community ◽  
Clara Reeve

The Township, the Pregnant Girl and the Church: Community Dynamics, Gender and Social Control in Early Nineteenth-century Scotland

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-67
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Ritchie
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Social Control ◽  
Community Dynamics ◽  
Church Discipline ◽  
Sexual Offences ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Female Community ◽  
The Church ◽  
Unmarried Girl

In 1814 in a small Highland township an unmarried girl, ostracised by her neighbours, gave birth. The baby died. The legal precognition permits a forensic, gendered examination of the internal dynamics of rural communities and how they responded to threats to social cohesion. In the Scottish ‘parish state’ disciplining sexual offences was a matter for church discipline. This case is situated in the early nineteenth-century Gàidhealtachd where and when church institutions were less powerful than in the post-Reformation Lowlands, the focus of most previous research. The article shows that the formal social control of kirk discipline was only part of a complex of behavioural controls, most of which were deployed within and by communities. Indeed, Scottish communities and churches were deeply entwined in terms of personnel; shared sexual prohibitions; and in the use of shaming as a primary method of social control. While there was something of a ‘female community’, this was not unconditionally supportive of all women nor was it ranged against men or patriarchal structures.

scholarly journals Diving into the Subconscious of Women and Nature: Margaret Atwood’s Surfacing as an Ecofeminist Novel

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Hyma Santhosh
Keyword(s):  
Margaret Atwood ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Worth Living ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Life Worth Living ◽  
Female Community ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Rapid Industrialization ◽  
Male Dominated ◽  
Self Discovery

Woman and nature can be considered the best creations of god. Both together keep the earth alive and balanced through the process of creation. The male dominated practices have destroyed the nature as well as women. This paper deals with the different aspects of Eco-feminism through the novel Surfacing by Margaret Atwood. The narrator’s quest to the wilderness of Canada in search for her father which leads to a quest of self-discovery in the lap of nature becomes the major focus of this paper. The unknown protagonist becomes a representative of the entire female community. The realization that women are just an object to be conquered and violated by men is what leads to the ‘surfacing’ of the protagonist. In complete harmony with nature excluding clothes, language, food etc. the protagonist goes crazy which gives her more happiness that with her other relationships. The paper also tries to analyse the close relationship between women and nature and how the virgin nature and woman are destroyed by the invasion of the male community. Repressed gender roles, submissiveness, self-realization through nature and the challenges faced by women that are presented. The concept of women and nature as both victims of the male dominated society is also emphasized. This novel is the perfect literary example of an Eco-feminist work that portrays the destruction of women and nature even in the minutest episodes in the novel. Nature is a treasure-house of many myths that lay hidden in the beliefs, rights and rituals of the aboriginals which are passed from one generation to another. In the same manner women also are the sustainer's of many myths that the male society has made upon her. The mother i.e. both woman and nature is examined here.In a vast country like Canada,nature comprises to its majority through its wilderness.This wilderness hides many priceless virtues and knowledge that can be learnt only in complete harmony with nature.Surfacing is not just the journey of a woman but it is the quest that the female gender thrives for.This paper combines the theories of eco-criticism, eco-feminism and to analyse the novel Surfacing into a biological whole that merges nature, man and the beliefs of man that make existence meaningful and life worth living. In an era of rapid industrialization and materialism, it is necessary to go on a quest back to nature and learn how life was easier in the lap of nature. Great writers like Shakespeare,Chaucer and Wordsworth were able to carve out such master pieces only because of their relationship with the purest and virgin nature which is the greatest teacher for mankind of all times.

scholarly journals STUDY OF HEALTH CARE SERVICES: CUSTOMER’S PERCEPTION IN INDORE

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 106-110
Author(s):  
Palak Shukla ◽  
Shalini Sharma ◽  
Dr. Shine David
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Service Industry ◽  
Customer Retention ◽  
The Other ◽  
Health Care Market ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Customer Base ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Female Community

Analysis of how public chooses their hospital for treatment. In this study we are analysing is there any difference in choosing a hospital by male and female community. As there are many additional services which are provided by the hospital along with their basic service that is treatment. And in service industry there are various factors, which create barriers in the growth of industry. Health care market consists of both the genders i.e. male and female and by this study we found that on which factor the opinion of the genders are different. There are many facilities and services which are included in the survey provided by hospital. This study is done to have a better understanding of the both community’s needs, as satisfaction of customer increases customer retention and helps in developing customer base and capturing more market. Also it provides the analysis of market. In hospital industry the same doctor can also visit the other hospital, thus it is important to have customer retention and continuously improvement in services provided by the hospital and brief understanding of the market.

scholarly journals Intimate Labor at Biomedical Frontlines: Situated Knowledges of Female Community Health Workers in the Management of COVID-19 in India

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanghamitra Das ◽  
Samhita Das
Keyword(s):  
Community Health ◽  
Community Health Workers ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Care Work ◽  
Professional Status ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
The Public ◽  
Female Community

Media reports of the COVID-19 pandemic in India have highlighted the important role that India’s female community health workers, the Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs), have played in managing COVID infections in India. This paper explores the epistemic basis of ASHA work to understand the significance of their role. Through a discourse analysis of textual media articles, we show that the ASHAs’ routine and COVID-related caregiving practices are a form of embodied, intimate labor rooted in their situated, community-oriented knowledge. This labor is devalued as emotional and feminized care work, which denies the ASHAs professional status in the public healthcare system of India and, in turn, reflects a hierarchy among health practitioners that stems from the status of objectivity/disembodiment in biomedicine. We find that, despite their low status in the public health system, ASHA workers develop a self-concept that enables them to self-identify as healthcare professionals, motivating them to continue providing essential healthcare services during the pandemic. We argue that an official recognition of the epistemic value of ASHA work would help to overcome the age-old nature/culture dichotomy that informs what counts as valuable, legitimate, formal medical knowledge. Furthermore, our analysis provides a critique of the gendered devaluation of care work within a political economy of health increasingly dictated by a neoliberal logic.

scholarly journals Effect of an Educational Intervention on Knowledge and Perception Regarding Rational Medicine Use and Self-medication

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-320
Author(s):  
Nisha Jha ◽  
Pathiyil Ravi Shankar ◽  
Anurag Marasini
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Medicine Use ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Community Health Volunteers ◽  
Female Community ◽  
Pharmaceutical Promotion ◽  
Female Community Health Volunteers ◽  
The Mean

Background: Rational use of medicines is important for safe and cost-effective pharmacotherapy. However, nearly half of the medicines available in the market may be used irrationally. The present study assessed the perceptions and knowledge about rational medicine use and responsible self-medication among participants before and after an educational intervention at KIST Medical College, Lalitpur. Methods: An educational module was conducted among healthcare professionals, media personnel and female community health volunteers. The questionnaire was administered before and immediately after the module. The areas addressed were rational medicine use, ethical prescribing, rational drug use situation in Nepal, pharmaceutical promotion, rational self-medication, safe use of antibiotics, and drug use problems in Nepal. Results: Among healthcare professionals, the rational drug use situation in Nepal and the total score significantly increased post-intervention (p<0.05). Among media personnel the mean scores increased significantly in pharmaceutical promotion and drug use problems in Nepal areas but there was a significant decrease in safe use of antibiotics. The pre-intervention pharmaceutical promotion score was significantly higher among healthcare professionals compared to media personnel while the rational self-medication scores were highest among female community health volunteers, safe use of antibiotics scores were highest among the media personnel. Post-intervention the mean pharmaceutical promotion scores was highest among healthcare professionals, rational self-medication scores among female community health volunteers, safe use of antibiotics, drug use problems in Nepal and total scores were highest among the media personnel. Conclusions: There were differences in the mean pre-intervention scores among different subgroups. A single session may not be enough to bring about significant changes in knowledge and perception. The retention of knowledge could be measured in future studies. Keywords: Female community health volunteers; health care professionals; media; rational medicine use; self medication.

Ancient Liberties

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona Price
Keyword(s):  
Historical Novel ◽  
Ann Radcliffe ◽  
Horace Walpole ◽  
Political Narrative ◽  
Clara Reeve

Chapter One explores how the historical novel emerged in the 1760s as a form which at once employed and interrogated the dominant political narrative of ‘ancient liberties’. The notion of ancient constitutionalism allowed proposals for reform or for limits on monarchical power to be seen as attempts to ensure stability or, at most, (as with the theory of the Norman Yoke) to return to political origin. Yet for Horace Walpole ancient constitutionalism seems at times a troubled jest; Clara Reeve senses that the motif desperately needs reinforcement; and even after the more radical uses of the theory of the Norman Yoke by the Constitutional Society in the 1780s and 90s, Ann Radcliffe considers it a frozen political fable. Haunted by the spectre of the divine right of kings, in the historical novel the narrative of tradition ultimately proves an insufficient underpinning for the constitution.

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