General change and the poetry uselessness red book

There have been two threads running through this Symposium: the interpretation of observations and the discussion of mechanisms. Nearly all the speakers concerned with the evidence derived from the comparison of the continents and from palaeomagnetism have interpreted their results in terms of movement of the continents. It is difficult not to be impressed by this agreement of many lines of study leading to compatible conclusions, though there have been some dissenting views. The most troublesome differences of opinion about the interpretation of the facts relate to the distribution of plants and animals in the past. Perhaps it is not surprising that there should be differences here; the fossil record is incomplete both in time and in space and, if one believes that arbitrarily great changes of climate may have occurred in the past and perhaps also that the Earth’s poles may have shifted, there is not much information left to determine whether the continents have moved relative to each other or not. For example there are Carboniferous evaporites in Spitzbergen and Permian evaporites in Greenland where they are not forming today. Conditions in the past must have been different from those of the present, but if one asks whether such different conditions existed in a belt running all round the pole in the latitude of Spitzbergen, and thus indicate a general change in climate, one cannot tell, because most of the area is occupied by Precambrian shields. Climatic change, continental movement and shifts of the pole, are all possible explanations.

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„Meil oli Mihkel Mehka ja ta naise nimi Hipp“ – Hargla kihelkonna tunnuslikest eesnimedest

Eesti ja soome-ugri keeleteaduse ajakiri Journal of Estonian and Finno-Ugric Linguistics ◽

10.12697/jeful.2020.11.1.06 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 131-146

Author(s):

Taavi Pae

Keyword(s):

19Th Century ◽

18Th Century ◽

Social Changes ◽

Late 19Th Century ◽

General Change ◽

Late 18Th Century ◽

The Social ◽

National Archives ◽

Great Northern War ◽

Full Population

Siinses artiklis vaatlen Hargla kihelkonna isikunimistut, keskendudes piirkonna tunnusnimedele Mehka ja Hipp. Neist esimese järgi on tekkinud piirkonnanimi Mehkamaa ja ka etnonüüm mehkad piirkonna elanike tähistamiseks. Nimekasutuse uurimiseks koostasin Eesti Rahvusarhiivis säilitatavate Hargla kihelkonna kirikuraamatute põhjal eesnimekorpuse. Eelkõige analüüsin tunnusnimede ajalist ulatust lähtuvalt legendist, mille järgi Põhjasõja aegadel jäid piirkonda elama vaid Mehka ja Hipp ning Mõniste ümbruse rahvas pärineb suuresti sellest kooselust. Arhiiviallikad näitavad, et nimi Mehka ilmub kirikuraamatutesse alles 18. sajandi lõpus, kuid nimi võis olla varem kirikuraamatusse kirjutatud Mihklina. Eelmainitud legendi võib aga pidada kunstlikuks, mille levik on seotud eelkõige Mõniste muuseumiga, kus seda hakati tutvustama. Hargla kihelkonna üldine nimevaramu muutus aga käib kokku ühiskondlike muutustega 19. sajandi lõpukümnenditel ja sealt kadusid koos mitmete teiste toonaste tavaliste nimedega ka piirkonna tunnuseesnimed Mehka ja Hipp. Abstract. Taavi Pae: “We used Mehka instead Mihkel and his wife’s name was Hipp” – On the characteristic first names of Hargla parish. In this article, I analyse first names in the Hargla parish (Võru county in Southern Estonia), focusing on two historically typical first names for the region: Mehka and Hipp. The first of these has been used to identify the whole area (Mehkamaa) as well as an ethnonym (mehkad). The author compiled a firstname corpus based on the Hargla parish register kept in the Estonian National Archives. One motive for the analysis was to verify the folklore of only two people in the area – a Mehka and a Hipp – surviving the Great Northern War, with the full population of the area descending from this partnership. The archive materials indicate that Mehka appeared in the parish register only in the late 18th century. There are several references to the earlier use of that name, but in the parish record they were marked as Mihkel. Nonetheless, the ‘folklore’ can be considered artificial with its spread primarily related to the Mõniste Museum founded in 1957. The general change in the name system of Hargla parish coincided with the social changes in the late 19th century. The regional first names Mehka and Hipp disappeared and the names became longer and more German-like.

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Pluralization of religion as a consequence of the differentiation of society in utopias and reality

Ukrainian Religious Studies ◽

10.32420/2016.79.669 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 4-7

Author(s):

Vita Tytarenko

Keyword(s):

Religious Education ◽

Close Connection ◽

General Change ◽

The Future ◽

The Church

The image of the future of religions is interesting to us not only and not so much that to a certain extent presupposes or corrects the future, but also that it characterizes the religious present in which it functions, in close connection with the existing society. Situational versus general change of emphasis in the forms of existence and / or functionality of religion is the result of interaction with society, its various spheres and man. The formation of the newest religious needs, due to which the functionality of religion manifests itself, is a factor in the emergence of various quasi-religious and paranute teachings, coumaromania - as components of mass social mythology. Instead of "traditionally new" religious education, there are even more recent (or ultra-new), such as the Church of Copimizma, Pastafarian, Jedi, various manifestations of quasi-religions, etc.

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Clients' and therapists' experiences of five general change mechanisms during an Internet‐based cognitive behavioral intervention for family caregivers

Journal of Clinical Psychology ◽

10.1002/jclp.23253 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Christina Theurer ◽

Gabriele Wilz ◽

Franziska Lechner‐Meichsner

Keyword(s):

Family Caregivers ◽

Behavioral Intervention ◽

Cognitive Behavioral ◽

Cognitive Behavioral Intervention ◽

General Change ◽

Change Mechanisms

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Growth Inhibition of Polyoma-Transformed Cells by Contact with Static Normal Fibroblasts

Journal of Cell Science ◽

10.1242/jcs.1.3.297 ◽

1966 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 297-310

Author(s):

M. G. P. STOKER ◽

MOIRA SHEARER ◽

C. O'NEILL

Keyword(s):

Cell Growth ◽

Growth Inhibition ◽

Normal Mouse ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Mixed Cultures ◽

Transformed Cells ◽

Mouse Fibroblasts ◽

General Change ◽

Close Proximity

The growth of polyoma-transformed BHK21 cells was studied in mixed cultures with normal mouse fibroblasts. On coverslips in excess medium, normal fibroblasts undergo one or two divisions after the cells become contiguous. Py-cell growth was not inhibited by contact with confluent fibroblasts which were still dividing, but the Py cells were rapidly inhibited after contact with fibroblasts which had become static. Further experiments confirmed the earlier view that the inhibitory effect was not due to a general change in the medium but was only brought about when cells were in contact or close proximity.

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PSYCHOLOGIC STUDIES BEFORE AND AFTER CLITORIDECTOMY IN FEMALE PSEUDOHERMAPHRODITISM CAUSED BY CONGENITAL VIRILIZING ADRENAL HYPERPLASIA

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.21.5.832 ◽

1958 ◽

Vol 21 (5) ◽

pp. 832-839

Author(s):

Alan K. Rosenwald ◽

Joseph H. Handlon ◽

Ira M. Rosenthal ◽

John S. Hyde ◽

I. Pat Bronstein

Keyword(s):

Adverse Effects ◽

Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia ◽

Diagnostic Error ◽

Adrenal Hyperplasia ◽

Adrenogenital Syndrome ◽

General Change ◽

Female Pseudohermaphroditism ◽

Sex Assignment ◽

Before And After ◽

Special Circumstances

Psychobogic tests were performed with five female pseudohermaphrodites with congenital adrenal hyperplasia both before and some time after clitoridectomy. Of these children, four had been reared as girls. The child who had been reared as a boy underwent change of sex assignment at the age of 6 years, after performance of the initial psychologic tests. None of the children showed evidence of significant psychopathology before clitoridectomy. None showed evidence of deleterious psychologic effects after the operation. The child whose sex was changed at the age of 6 years apparently made a good adjustment and showed no adverse effects as evaluated by psychologic tests. If there is no significant psychopathology, clitoridectomy may be performed without fear of deleterious psychologic effects in female pseudohermaphrodites who have been reared as girls. While, in general, change of sex assignment should not be done in any hermaphrodite beyond the infantile age period, female pseudohermaphrodites with adrenogenital syndrome who have been reared as boys, because of an original diagnostic error, should be individually evaluated with regard to possible change of sex assignment. Despite the apparent success in the case reported here with its unusual special circumstances, the psychologic hazards involved will make reassignment of sex inadvisable in most of these cases.

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