The Establishment of the Common Policy on Safe Seas

Keyword(s):  
Author(s):  
Violeta Moreno-Lax

Visas are specifically aimed at controlling admission at the stage of pre-departure and constitute one of the essential requirements for entry under the Schengen Borders Code. This chapter examines the common policy of the EU, conceptualizing them as pre-authorizations of entry granted before arrival in the territory of the Member States. Visa requirements, as introduced in the Visa Regulation, are perused at the outset, taking account of periodic revisions of the visa lists and the criteria for amendment considered relevant by the EU legislator. The key features of the uniform visa format and the Visa Information System (VIS) are briefly presented, highlighting their contribution to the securitisation of migration flows. Then, the visa issuing procedure, as governed by the Community Code on Visas (CCV), is examined. The final section is reserved to the analysis of the implications of the different components of the policy regarding access to asylum in the Member States.


2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 25-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Luis Alfaro-Navarro ◽  
Jose Mondejar-Jimenez ◽  
Manuel Vargas-Vargas ◽  
Juan Carlos Gazquez-Abad ◽  
Jose Felipe Jimenez- Guerrero

The Common Agricultural Policy (the CAP) is the most important common policy of the European Union, for which reason it traditionally monopolizes a large part of the European Union budget. Without doubt, the aids that farms receive from this policy are the pillar on which it sustains the battered agricultural sectors. Among CAP aid, direct payments are particularly important, in 2008 accounting for about 37% of the total EU budget. The main objective of this paper is to analyse the effects that the distribution of the CAP direct payments have on the agrarian economy. Specifically, we have analysed the equality level in distribution of CAP direct aid in the countries of the European Union using a concentration index. In this way, we have examined the fairness of distribution of CAP direct aid in the agricultural sector.


2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 53-57
Author(s):  
Inese Biukšāne

Aquaculture belongs to the fisheries sector, which is evaluated as a highly productive, competitive and eco-friendly sector. The EU’s and Latvia’s economic breakthrough is related to the aquaculture sector. Participating in the establishment of the Common Fisheries Policy of the EU and using the support provided by the EU’s financial instruments, have given the Latvian aquaculture sector wide opportunities in the facilitation of competitiveness. This paper will aim to evaluate the competitiveness of the Latvian aquaculture sector, providing suggestions for its further development. On the grounds of the Model of the Factors Influencing Competitiveness of the Fisheries Sector Cluster, Aquaculture Competitiveness Index and the offered types of strategies developed by the author, was evaluated and analyzed the competitiveness of Latvian aquaculture sector and provided suggestions for further development of the sector. Significance of the factors and their influence upon competitiveness was checked through Principal component and regression analysis. In the framework of the research was evaluated and analyzed the level of competitiveness in Latvian aquaculture sector, identified ensuring spheres influencing competitiveness and provided suggestions for further development of the sector. The methodology developed within this paper can be used for evaluation of competitiveness of fisheries and its sectors in different countries. The results of the research can be used in elaboration, planning and improvement of the common policy of the sector.


1971 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 448-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Vredeling

A CURIOUS PHENOMENON MAY BE NOTED WITHIN THE EUROPEAN Community, and also in the negotiations on the entry of other European countries into it. This is the absence of any move towards European integration among the political parties in the member states. Rather surprisingly, an obstinate silence prevails in Europe and within the national political parties regarding this deficiency. One cannot help wondering what is the reason for this and what can be done to break this silence.Outwardly the process of European integration presents in the main an economic aspect. The EEC Treaty is a classic example of this. The goal striven for is a customs union with a common policy in the economic sphere. Thus the first steps are being taken in the Community towards a common policy in a number of sectors (agriculture, transport, energy, external trade). Recently attempts have been made to link this sector-by-sector policy through the inauguration of a common economic and monetary policy.


2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
Inese Biukšāne

Abstract: In the development of Latvia’s economy, the fish processing sector has played an important role, historically and traditionally, because of its ability to produce competitive products for the world market. The aim of this research is to evaluate the competitiveness of the fish processing sector in Latvia. Methodology involving the Model of Factors Influencing Competitiveness of the Fisheries Sector Cluster and the Index of Fish Processing Sector Competitiveness are developed as part of the research. The study also identifies the spheres influencing competitiveness, as well as the possibilities of further development. The methodology created in the study can be used to evaluate competitiveness of the fish processing sector in any country. It may also assist institutions involved in developing Fisheries’ policy to work more successfully and improve the common policy in the Fisheries sector.


Author(s):  
Inese Biukšāne

The aim of the research is to evaluate the competitiveness of Fishery Sector in Latvia. Based on the author developed Model of the Factors influencing Competitiveness of the Fisheries Sector Cluster and methodology of the Index of Fishery Sector Competitiveness the authors determined the competitiveness level of Fishery Sector in Latvia and identified spheres influencing competitiveness: facilitating and promising spheres as well as procrastinatory and stagnating spheres, moreover the possibilities of further development were established. The author has developed the evaluation methodology of the Fishery Sector Competitiveness that can be used in any country in the Fishery Sector for the evaluation of competitiveness. The elaborated methodology for evaluation of competitiveness may assist the institutions involved in the Fisheries' policy formation to work more successfully and improve the common policy in the Fisheries sector.


2019 ◽  
pp. 281-294
Author(s):  
Anna Maria Friis ◽  
Ana E. Juncos

EU cooperation in foreign, security, and defence policy has developed rapidly since the launch of the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) in the early 1990s. The first section of this chapter charts the first steps towards a common policy in this area, including the development of the Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) and the gradual militarization of the EU. The chapter then reviews the key theoretical debates on the EU’s role as a foreign and security actor. The subsequent section analyses the main actors involved in the CFSP, focusing in particular on the role of the member states and EU institutions in the development of the policy. The next section of the chapter evaluates the range of military and civilian CSDP operations and missions that the EU has undertaken to date, before examining the key challenges that the EU faces in this area.


2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 259-265
Author(s):  
O. Vyshnevska ◽  
I. Melnyk ◽  
O. Sarapina

The authors investigate the nature, components and features of globalisation in terms of its manifestations in society, development priorities, potential threats. It is proved that the processes that occur in the globalisation environment require the unity of efforts and implementation of a common policy of eliminating threats. The aggravation of conflicts due to the environmental issues and the social response to it are defined. It is determined that the common policy will facilitate the environmental protection, create the background for ensuring the global security by reducing social tensions. The common policy on a partnership basis allows to join forces for environmental protection, raise awareness of the ecological problems, introduce cost-effective approaches to the use of certain types of natural resources, conservation of ecosystems. It is determined that the practical realisation of ecological tasks at the national, regional and local levels must comply with the ratified agreements, implement the standards of the international law, take note of the actual transboundary threats. It is substantiated that the coordinated ecological policy, responsibility at different levels of government, sufficient funding of ecological projects will help to reduce the temperature rise and prevent the global ecological catastrophe. The environmental dimensions of global adaptation must have not only a quantitative impact on the environment, but also aggregate the ethical and moral indicators of measuring the social attitude to nature. The practical necessity of using the Environmental Code and the Environmental Court is determined. The efficiency of the partnership-based cooperation, coordination of actions with the environmental organisations, movements, eco-activists is proved. The global economic prospects should be oriented towards environmental dimensions, taking into account the need to ensure the global social security.


Author(s):  
Michael McKenzie

This chapter investigates the role of politicians in the context of extradition cases between Australia and Indonesia. Using Robert Putnam’s metaphor of a ‘two-level game’ to model their behaviour, it shows how politicians on both sides pander to their domestic audiences at the expense of the cooperative relationship. In contrast to the common policy interests of bureaucrats, politicians from the two countries are often at odds because of their differing political interests. In particular, the extradition relationship has been continually frustrated by concerns among Indonesian politicians that Australia derives a greater benefit from the relationship. Compounding these concerns are misunderstandings about the differing extradition processes of the two countries.


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