Acquaintance Rape Among Adolescents: Identifying Risk Groups and Intervention Strategies

2018 ◽  
pp. 47-62
Author(s):  
Andrea Parrot
Keyword(s):  
Risk Groups ◽  
Acquaintance Rape ◽  
Intervention Strategies

scholarly journals Characterizing the risk of melanoma and use of indoor tanning beds in high-risk groups to inform public health regulations

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Casey Panning ◽  
April Smith ◽  
Olivia Spohn ◽  
Leah van Wesenbeeck
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Indoor Tanning ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
Response Relationship ◽  
Dose Response Relationship ◽  
Health Regulations

There is concern about increasing incidence of melanoma and its association with indoor tanning devices. Overall, melanoma and indoor tanning devices exhibit a dose–response relationship; risk factors characterized for melanoma include age, gender, skin complexion, knowledge level, social norms, and location. Currently, legislative practices differ across Canada. Recommendations regarding intervention strategies, information dissemination, and legislation are discussed to inform public health regulations regarding the use of indoor tanning devices.

scholarly journals A mathematical modeling approach to measure the probability of HIV-1 transmission for different high-risk groups of Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (08) ◽  
pp. 1212-1215
Author(s):  
Syed Rizwan-ul-Hasan ◽  
Fatima Farrukh ◽  
Shakil Ahmed ◽  
Syed Hani Abidi
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Vulnerable Populations ◽  
People Who Inject Drugs ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Probabilistic Modeling ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
High Likelihood ◽  
Hiv 1

Introduction: Since 2010, the number of new HIV-1 cases has declined by 30% globally, however, in few countries, such as Pakistan, the cases have continued to increase, where the country witnessed a 57% increase in the number of new infections between 2010 and 2020. The HIV-1 epidemic in Pakistan is concentrated in certain high-risk groups, however, it is unknown which high-risk group has a higher likelihood of transmitting HIV-1 infections to vulnerable populations. This study aimed to apply mathematical probabilistic modeling to estimate the probability of HIV-1 transmission for different high-risk groups of Pakistan. Methodology: MATLAB software was used to conduct probabilistic modeling (chance estimation) of HIV-1 transmission for different high-risk groups of Pakistan, and also draw a comparison between Pakistan and different high- and low- HIV-1 prevalence countries. Results: Our results revealed that Pakistan overall had the lowest probability of HIV-1 transmission as compared to other countries included in this study; however, within Pakistan, certain high-risk groups such as people who inject drugs (PWID) and the region of Larkana exhibited a high probability of HIV-1 transmissions. Conclusions: Our study suggests that the concentrated HIV-1 epidemic in Pakistan has a high likelihood of expansion from certain high-risk groups to other vulnerable populations. Further studies to understand the socio-epidemiological factors driving the expansion of the HIV-1 epidemic within the country will guide specific HIV-1 intervention strategies to control the spread of HIV-1 from high-risk to other vulnerable populations.

scholarly journals Frequency and Risk Factors of Diabetic Ketoacidosis in a Specialized Children's Hospital, Riyadh: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Babiker ◽  
Ghadeer L. Aljahdali ◽  
Mohammed K. Alsaeed ◽  
Abdulrahman F. Almunif ◽  
Mohamud S. Mohamud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children's Hospital ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
Children’S Hospital

Objectives: Diabetic-ketoacidosis (DKA) is a life-threatening complication and a leading cause of hospitalization in Type-1-diabetes (T1DM) patients. We aimed to assess the risk factors of admissions of children with DKA in a specialized children hospital in order to reduce morbidity and to inform appropriate prevention and intervention strategies. Methods: A retrospective review of all DKA admissions at King Abdullah Specialized Children’s Hospital, Riyadh (March 2015–December 2017). Data were gathered from newly diagnosed of T1DM and known patients ≤14-year-old with DKA criteria. The main variables were frequency, precipitating factors, and other characteristics of DKA admissions in both groups. Results: A total of 116/562 patients with T1DM (mean age 8.97±3.08 years) had 146 DKA episodes, of which 26/116 (34%) were newly diagnosed. The frequency of DKA admissions 2 were 146/562, 26%, of which (n=42/146, 28.7%) were newly diagnosed vs. (n=104/146, 71.2%) known patient of T1DM. The majority were 10-14 years (p≤0.001) and 55.5% were females. Missing insulin was the main precipitating cause of DKA (p=0.001) among known patients with T1DM. Recurrent episodes (n=30/164, 20.5%) occurred in 15/116 patients and were more common in children ≥10 years of age (P=0.024). The mean length-of-stay was 2.67±2.04 days and increased with DKA severity (P=0.008). Conclusions: In our study, the majority of DKA episodes were in patients with known T1DM; and missing insulin was the leading cause of DKA. In addition to awareness campaigns to prevent DKA as an initial presentation, intervention strategies should also target high risk groups of known patients of T1DM such as adolescents and patients with recurrent episodes.

scholarly journals Multiple clinical risks for cannabis users during the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen Mello Borgonhi ◽  
Vanessa Loss Volpatto ◽  
Felipe Ornell ◽  
Francisco Diego Rabelo-da-Ponte ◽  
Felix Henrique Paim Kessler
Keyword(s):  
Risk Group ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
The Body ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Mental Health Systems ◽  
Clinical Risks ◽  
Psychiatric Complications

AbstractThe pandemic caused by Sars-CoV-2 (COVID-19) has been a great concern for public and mental health systems worldwide. The identification of risk groups is essential for the establishment of preventive and therapeutic strategies, as for substance users. During COVID-19 pandemic, there was an increase in the use of psychoactive substances during the lockdown, including cannabis. This commentary reviews relevant findings and discusses scientific evidence on the risks of worse clinical and psychiatric complications due to coronavirus disease COVID-19 in subjects who use cannabis. Although they are not included as a risk group in the health recommendations for that disease, they may have a more vulnerable respiratory system to viral diseases. There are certain similarities between the harmful cardiovascular and respiratory effects of cannabis use and those of smoking. Due to the different modes of smoking, cannabis chemicals are retained in the body for longe and may also contain other toxic substances such as tar, a substance found in tobacco and which has been associated with the development of lung cancer, bronchitis and pulmonary emphysema. Therefore, we discuss if individuals who use cannabis regularly might be more vulnerable to COVID-19 infection. This population deserves more clinical attention worldwide and this manuscript can help clinicians become more aware of cannabis risks during pandemics and develop specific intervention strategies.

Multidisciplinary Evidence to Treat Bilingual Individuals with Aphasia

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 66-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
José G. Centeno
Keyword(s):  
Stroke Rehabilitation ◽  
Culturally Diverse ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Clinical Procedures ◽  
Bilingual Speakers ◽  
Aphasic Clients

Abstract The steady increase in linguistic and cultural diversity in the country, including the number of bilingual speakers, has been predicted to continue. Minorities are expected to be the majority by 2042. Strokes, the third leading cause of death and the leading cause of long-term disability in the U.S., are quite prevalent in racial and ethnic minorities, so population estimates underscore the imperative need to develop valid clinical procedures to serve the predicted increase in linguistically and culturally diverse bilingual adults with aphasia in post-stroke rehabilitation. Bilingualism is a complex phenomenon that interconnects culture, cognition, and language; thus, as aphasia is a social phenomenon, treatment of bilingual aphasic persons would benefit from conceptual frameworks that exploit the culture-cognition-language interaction in ways that maximize both linguistic and communicative improvement leading to social re-adaptation. This paper discusses a multidisciplinary evidence-based approach to develop ecologically-valid treatment strategies for bilingual aphasic individuals. Content aims to spark practitioners' interest to explore conceptually broad intervention strategies beyond strictly linguistic domains that would facilitate linguistic gains, communicative interactions, and social functioning. This paper largely emphasizes Spanish-English individuals in the United States. Practitioners, however, are advised to adapt the proposed principles to the unique backgrounds of other bilingual aphasic clients.

Practical Resources for Provision of Services to Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Users of AAC

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-39
Author(s):  
Elena Dukhovny ◽  
E. Betsy Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Augmentative And Alternative Communication ◽  
Linguistically Diverse ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Culturally And Linguistically Diverse ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Flexible Systems ◽  
Alternative Communication ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Provision Of Services

According to the 2010 U.S. Census, over 20% of Americans speak a language other than English in the home, with Spanish, Chinese, and French being the languages most commonly spoken, aside from English. However, few augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) systems offer multilingual support for individuals with limited functional speech. There has been much discussion in the AAC community about best practices in AAC system design and intervention strategies, but limited resources exist to help us provide robust, flexible systems for users who speak languages other than English. We must provide services that take into consideration the unique needs of culturally and linguistically diverse users of AAC and help them reach their full communication potential. This article outlines basic guidelines for best practices in AAC design and selection, and presents practical applications of these best practices to multilingual/multicultural clients.

Suicide in Nógrád County, Hungary, 1970-1994

Crisis ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamás Zonda
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Suicide Rate ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Suicide Notes ◽  
Suicidal Intention ◽  
Male Female Ratio

The author examined completed suicides occurring over a period of 25 years in a county of Hungary with a traditionally low (relatively speaking) suicide rate of 25.8. The rates are clearly higher in villages than in the towns. The male/female ratio was close to 4:1, among elderly though only 1.5:1. The high risk groups are the elderly, divorced, and widowed. Violent methods are chosen in 66.4% of the cases. The rates are particularly high in the period April-July. Prior communication of suicidal intention was revealed in 16.3% of all cases. Previous attempts had been undertaken by 17%, which in turn means that 83% of suicides were first attempts. In our material 10% the victims left suicide notes. Psychiatric disorders were present in 60.1% of the cases, and severe, multiple somatic illnesses (including malignomas) were present in 8.8%. The majority of the data resemble those found in the literature.

Not at Imminent Risk

Crisis ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 459-463
Author(s):  
Kate Monaghan ◽  
Martin Harris
Keyword(s):  
Early Intervention ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Narrative Approach ◽  
Complex Issue ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Client Group ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
Imminent Risk

Abstract. Background: Suicide is a pervasive and complex issue that can challenge counselors through the course of their careers. Research and practice focus heavily on crisis management and imminent risk rather than early intervention strategies. Early intervention strategies can assist counselors working with clients who have suicidal ideation, but are not at imminent risk, or with clients whose risk factors identify them as having a stronger trajectory for suicidal ideation. Aims: This systematic literature review examines the current literature on working with clients with suicidal ideation who are not at imminent risk, to ascertain the types of information and strategies available to counselors working with this client group. Method: An initial 622 articles were identified for analysis and from these 24 were included in the final review, which was synthesized using a narrative approach. Results: Results indicate that research into early intervention strategies is extremely limited. Conclusion: It was possible to describe emergent themes and practice guidelines to assist counselors working with clients with suicidal ideation but not at imminent risk.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document