Force Factor Bl(x)

2018 ◽  
pp. 82-83
Author(s):  
Geoff Hill
Keyword(s):  
Force Factor

Optimally Sensitive and Efficient Compact Loudspeakers for Low Audio Frequencies

2007 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
Ronald M. Aarts
Keyword(s):  
Optimality Criterion ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Audio Signal ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Force Factor ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Limited Frequency ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

Conventionally, the ultimate goal in loudspeaker design has been to obtain a flat frequency response over a specified frequency range. This can be achieved by carefully selecting the main loudspeaker parameters such as the enclosure volume, the cone diameter, the moving mass and the very crucial “force factor”. For loudspeakers in small cabinets the results of this design procedure appear to be quite inefficient, especially at low frequencies. This paper describes a new solution to this problem. It consists of the combination of a highly non-linear preprocessing of the audio signal and the use of a so called low-force-factor loudspeaker. This combination yields a strongly increased efficiency, at least over a limited frequency range, at the cost of a somewhat altered sound quality. An analytically tractable optimality criterion has been defined and has been verified by the design of an experimental loudspeaker. This has a much higher efficiency and a higher sensitivity than current low-frequency loudspeakers, while its cabinet can be much smaller.

scholarly journals The influence of weapons of mass destruction on international security in the second decade of the 21st century

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 109-141
Author(s):  
Włodzimierz Wątor
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
International Security ◽  
Weapons Of Mass Destruction ◽  
Foreseeable Future ◽  
International Organisations ◽  
Mass Destruction ◽  
Special Significance ◽  
Force Factor ◽  
Precise Estimation

The article outlines reasons for the significant increase of the hazard posed by weapons of mass destruction in the current decade. Despite the international community’s efforts made throughout the years, it has not been possible to eliminate them, significantly lower their arsenal or prevent their building or transfer. What has increased is the importance of weapons of mass destruction, especially nuclear ones, as a force factor in international relations. This tendency will probably continue in the foreseeable future. Therefore, the article focuses on explaining the mechanisms of this process and its connections with numerous events and facts influencing international security. Special significance is ascribed to a precise estimation of the risk posed by weapons of mass destruction and determination of its hierarchy. Moreover, the article presents the forms and methods of the activities undertaken by countries and international organisations regarding the prevention of proliferation (via disarmament treaties and informal forums) and assesses their effectiveness.

scholarly journals Development of Direct-Vibration Actuator for Bezel-Less Display Panels on Mobile Phones

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. 4975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ki-Hong Park ◽  
Zhi-Xiong Jiang ◽  
Yuan-Wu Jiang ◽  
Sang-Moon Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Wearable Devices ◽  
Pressure Level ◽  
Sound Generation ◽  
Force Factor ◽  
Display Design ◽  
3D Finite Element ◽  
3D Finite Element Method ◽  
Direct Vibration

With the development of technology, multimedia devices such as smartphones, tablets, and wearable devices have become necessities in our lives, and many new products are introduced every year. Companies are expanding smartphone displays and are developing bezel-less display panel designs. The enlarged display limits the space available for a speaker, and a new actuator must therefore be developed. Indirect-vibration actuators were developed for full-wide display designs. Using the same sound-generation principle as that of the indirect-vibration actuator, the mechanism and design of the direct-vibrating actuator is proposed in this paper. Using 3D finite element method (FEM), the force factor is obtained and used for design optimization. A sample is produced, and an experiment is conducted for sound pressure level (SPL) comparison. The experiment results show that the newly designed direct-vibration actuator can replace the dynamic receiver in mobile devices and enable the application of the bezel-less display design.

THEORETICAL EVALUATION OF LOUDSPEAKER FOR A 10 WATTS COOLING POWER THERMOACOUSTIC REFRIGERATOR

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (04) ◽  
pp. 1350027 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. G. PRASHANTHA ◽  
M. S. GOVINDE GOWDA ◽  
S. SEETHARAMU ◽  
G. S. V. L. NARASIMHAM
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Resonator ◽  
Cooling Power ◽  
Electrical Model ◽  
Force Factor ◽  
Theoretical Evaluation ◽  
Back Volume ◽  
Resonator Frequency ◽  
Spring System ◽  
Good Agreement ◽  
Thermoacoustic Refrigerator

This paper presents a design of moving coil loudspeaker for a 10 W cooling power thermoacoustic refrigerator. An electrical model is presented which simulates the behavior of the loudspeaker. The gas spring system for matching the frequency of the commercially available loudspeaker with the frequency of the acoustic resonator tube for maximizing electro-acoustical efficiency of the loudspeaker is discussed. The optimum back volume for the gas spring system is found to be 59.7 cc, which is about 1.9% of the total resonator volume when the loudspeaker frequency and the acoustic resonator frequency is made equal at 400 Hz with a moving mass of 20 g. The effect of force factor Bl on loudspeaker performance is discussed. Analysis results shows that for better performance of a refrigerator, the loudspeaker should be chosen to have a large force factor and small values for electrical and mechanical resistances. The refrigerator system is tested with DeltaEC software and its results are in good agreement with an electrical model results.

scholarly journals Multi-Objective Design Optimization of the Leg Mechanism for a Piping Inspection Robot

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renaud Henry ◽  
Damien Chablat ◽  
Mathieu Porez ◽  
Frédéric Boyer ◽  
Daniel Kanaan
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Pareto Front ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Objective Functions ◽  
Multi Objective Optimization ◽  
Dimensional Synthesis ◽  
Force Factor ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Inspection Robot ◽  
Contact Points

This paper addresses the dimensional synthesis of an adaptive mechanism of contact points ie a leg mechanism of a piping inspection robot operating in an irradiated area as a nuclear power plant. This studied mechanism is the leading part of the robot sub-system responsible of the locomotion. Firstly, three architectures are chosen from the literature and their properties are described. Then, a method using a multi-objective optimization is proposed to determine the best architecture and the optimal geometric parameters of a leg taking into account environmental and design constraints. In this context, the objective functions are the minimization of the mechanism size and the maximization of the transmission force factor. Representations of the Pareto front versus the objective functions and the design parameters are given. Finally, the CAD model of several solutions located on the Pareto front are presented and discussed.

Improvement of force factor of magnetostrictive vibration power generator for high efficiency

2015 ◽  
Vol 117 (17) ◽  
pp. 17B508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shota Kita ◽  
Toshiyuki Ueno ◽  
Sotoshi Yamada
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Force Factor ◽  
Power Generator

scholarly journals Remote Sensing and GIS based site suitability analysis for tourism development in Vaishali block, Bihar

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-22
Author(s):  
Rajesh Jayaraman ◽  
B.Santhosh Kumar ◽  
Sudhir Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Remote Sensing And Gis ◽  
Suitability Analysis ◽  
Force Factor ◽  
Gis And Remote Sensing ◽  
Gis Applications ◽  
Travel Industry

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing are presently recognized generally as an improve instrument for overseeing, breaking down, and showing gigantic volumes of fluctuated information suitable to numerous neighborhood and provincial arranging exercises. Because of the composite idea of the travel industry arranging issues, the planned of GIS in settling these issues is progressively perceived. This paper will think a portion of the conceivable outcomes of GIS applications in the travel industry arranging. For the most part, GIS applications in the travel industry have been tight to recreational office stock, the travel industry situated land the board, and diversion untamed life strife; and have been thin by absence of financing, and awkward techniques. Utilizing the case of site wellness investigation for the travel industry improvement and mapping, this paper features a few uses of GIS in the travel industry arranging in vaishali square, Bihar. According to our present investigation; the most reasonable the travel industry site recognized by the examination is inside significant towns. The urban focus with plausibility to develop into the travel industry focuses. The rest of the land shows a low appropriateness scale because of absence of significant appreciation for make a solid force factor. Availability is an essential for the travel industry advancement. Great street organize availability with closeness to railroads station or air terminal demonstrated solid vacationer potential site, this combined with proximity to grand magnificence delineates high appropriateness. Significant vacation destinations, for example, legacy locales, gardens and water bodies or lake demonstrated high appropriateness. This can be corresponded to the way that legacy destinations and other high appropriate highlights are converted into reasonable the travel industry site.

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