scholarly journals „Zarządzanie słowem” przez media prasowe w procesie dążenia do poznania i przedstawienia prawdy

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-243
Author(s):  
Lech Jaworski
Keyword(s):  
Democratic State ◽  
The Press ◽  
Freedom Of Press ◽  
Utmost Care ◽  
Absolute Criterion

“Word Management” by the Press Media in the Process of Seeking to Know and Present the Truth The importance of the press in a democratic state is beyond doubt. This requires that freedom of press expression be guaranteed. However, this is not an absolute freedom and is subject to restric­tions. In particular, the journalist must remember that “The press is under an obligation to truly present the discussed phenomena” (Article 6 par. 1 of the Press Law). However, understanding this principle too literally may raise reasonable doubts. The result of a journalist’s cognitive conduct – even with the utmost care – may turn out to be untrue. It would therefore be unreasonable to hold a journalist accountable according to an absolute criterion of the veracity of the facts. It is therefore appropriate to consider the regulation referred to here as a directional standard, the performance of which should be assessed particularly carefully in the context of the implementation of the statuto­ry obligations imposed on the press (journalist).

Liberdade de Imprensa, Censura e Dominação na Crítica de Max Stirner

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (41) ◽  
pp. 85-95
Author(s):  
José Manuel Teixeira da Silva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Political Liberalism ◽  
The State ◽  
Freedom Of The Press ◽  
Democratic State ◽  
The Press ◽  
Freedom Of Press ◽  
Max Stirner ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Developed World ◽  
Individual Ownership

Freedom of the press is one of the most visible comerstones of a Democratic State, as well as a consensual requisite for it. Nevertheless, for Max Stirner, this gesture of demanding so cherished by political liberalism is the very negation of freedom. Freedom is neither a gift nor a concession or permission granted by the State. Freedom of the press only becomes accessible through conquest and appropriation, becoming the individual ownership as it is claimed by him. Nowadays, everyone in the developed world has at his disposal the force and means to become the owner of the freedom of the press, as Max Stimer stated. More than two centuries after Stimer’s claim, Publishing in the interactive web meets the conditions established by him for a full exercise of the freedom of press.

scholarly journals Penghakiman oleh Pers Nasional: Suatu Kritik atas Kebebasan Pers dalam Pemberitaan Perkara Tindak Pidana Korupsi

Humaniora ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 216
Author(s):  
Vidya Prahassacitta
Keyword(s):  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Code Of Conduct ◽  
High Position ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The Press ◽  
Freedom Of Press ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Government

The 1998 reform in Indonesia has changed freedom press in Indonesia. Now press implements libertarian model which puts freedom first instead of responsibility. Previously, press implemented soviet communist model which put responsibility first instead of freedom. Fifteen years later, press in Indonesia has become political tool by the owner of the press company who has high position in political party participating in the 2014 election. This reflects on the disproportional news regarding corruption cases conducted by the government officer or parliament member from the contender party. Such news delivers not only facts but also misleading opinions to the society which creates trial by the press. In fact, presumption of innocent principle is a foundation for press reporting news as stipulated in Law No. 40 Year 1999 concerning Press and Journalistic Code of Conduct. In libertarian press there are always borders but such borders are not effective since the freedom of press in Indonesia is powerful. Article used qualitative and library research with secondary sources of law to gain a solution to this problem. Therefore, Press Board should maximize its function in supervising the implementation of presumption of innocent principle and to raise society awareness regarding the law supremacy. In the end, to fulfill press social responsibility, a press profession court shall be established to keep press independency. 

The Dominant American View of Freedoms of Press and Speech, in the Decade Leading Up to Ratification of the Federal Bill of Rights

2020 ◽  
pp. 303-336
Author(s):  
Wendell Bird
Keyword(s):  
First Amendment ◽  
Freedom Of Speech ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Freedom Of The Press ◽  
Bill Of Rights ◽  
Original Source ◽  
Narrow View ◽  
The Press ◽  
Freedom Of Press ◽  
The World

In the 1780s in America, the advocates of broad understandings of freedom of press and freedom of speech continued to argue, as “Junius Wilkes” did in 1782, that “[i]f a printer is liable to prosecution and restraint, for publishing pieces on public measures, conceived libellous, the liberty of the press is annihilated and ruined. . . . The danger is precisely the same to liberty, in punishing a person after the performance appears to the world, as in preventing its publication in the first instance. The doctrine of libels, is of pernicious consequence to the freedom of the press.” Many other essays in the 1780s showed the dominance of an expansive understanding of freedoms of press and speech, as did the declarations of rights of nine states. That was the context in which the First Amendment was adopted and ratified in 1789–1791. These conclusions about the prevalent and dominant understanding after the mid-1760s are flatly contrary to the narrow view of freedoms of press and speech stated by Blackstone and Mansfield, and restated by the neo-Blackstonians, who claim that the narrow understanding was not only predominant but exclusive through the ratification of the First Amendment and onward until 1798. This book’s conclusions are based on far more original source material than the neo-Blackstonians’ conclusions.

scholarly journals PROTECTION ON FREEDOM OF THE PRESS FOR FOREIGN JOURNALISTS AND JOURNALISTIC VISA IN INDONESIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-65
Author(s):  
Fianka Aiza ◽  
Lena Farsia
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
National Security ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Freedom Of The Press ◽  
Legal Rules ◽  
Legal Method ◽  
The Press ◽  
Freedom Of Press ◽  
The Law

This study analyses how Indonesia enforces the law to protect the freedom of the press for foreign journalists and imposes strict visa regulations on them. The method used to conduct this research is the normative legal method. This study shows that Indonesia upholds human rights such as freedom of expression, but there are no specific legal rules to uphold such rights over foreign journalists. Rules are only available on the enactment of a journalistic visa. Therefore, it is recommended for Indonesia's Lawmakers to compose a new Law to uphold the rights and obligations of foreign journalists while they are in Indonesia and develop a monitoring body for foreign journalists so that Indonesia can ensure the protection of freedom of the press and the national security. Keywords: Foreign journalists; Freedom of Press; Journalistic Visa.

Constitutional Interpretation by the Judiciary

2020 ◽  
pp. 109-151
Author(s):  
Himanshu Jha
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Information Flow ◽  
Press Freedom ◽  
Right To Know ◽  
The Press ◽  
Freedom Of Press ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
The Right To Know ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
The Right

This chapter traces the trajectory of ideas that emanated from the judiciary since the early 1950s. The ideational movement within the judiciary coincides with the first two phases. This chapter discusses significant judicial cases in which the Supreme Court has interpreted Article 19 (1) (a) of the Constitution of India as inherently containing the right to know. Initially ideas on openness from the judiciary emerged in a nascent form where the judicial verdicts established the linkage between the freedom of press and the importance of information flow and dissemination in a democracy. Later, the judiciary moved beyond the specifics of the press freedom and examined the question of openness in government affairs, challenging the nested norm of secrecy. This interpretation provides the link to the long-drawn process of emerging ideas on openness emanating from within the state.

Freedom of the Press and Equity Returns: Empirical Investigation in Emerging Markets

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-377
Author(s):  
Tuan Viet Le
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Equity Returns ◽  
Press Freedom ◽  
Capital Asset Pricing ◽  
Excess Returns ◽  
The Press ◽  
Freedom Of Press ◽  
High Volatility ◽  
The Relationship

This article studies the relationship between freedom of press and equity returns in emerging markets. While research has shown that asymmetric information is one reason for high volatility and one type of risk in financial markets, the role of press in reducing that risk has not yet been studied thoroughly. The article attempts to bridge that gap and investigates how a free and unbiased press affects excess returns in stock market. Using the International Capital Asset Pricing Model (ICAPM), Fama-MacBeth’s methodology, and dataset from16 emerging economies from 1986 to 2000, this research is able to show that cross-country excess returns are significantly related to the degree of press freedom.

scholarly journals PENGHINAAN TERHADAP PENGADILAN VERSUS KEBEBASAN PERS

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 189
Author(s):  
Bagir Manan
Keyword(s):  
Control Function ◽  
Code Of Conduct ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Press ◽  
Freedom Of Press

Press is manifestation of public soverignty to the power. Press control function covers critic, analytic, and information to the public, so all the activities which are from branches of power based on the public wish and hope. Freedom of press is limited by the press law and code of conduct. The freedom of press can not be used for humaliation, harassment, or interference of judicature process. Press must respect the institution and independency of judiciary.Keywords : Contempt of Court, Freedom and Press

Representations of Corruption in the British, French, and Italian Press

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Mancini ◽  
Marco Mazzoni ◽  
Alessio Cornia ◽  
Rita Marchetti
Keyword(s):  
News Media ◽  
Press Freedom ◽  
Public Administrators ◽  
Media Report ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Political Partisanship ◽  
The Press ◽  
Freedom Of Press ◽  
Funded Project ◽  
Market Factors

As part of a larger European Union (EU)-funded project, this paper investigates the coverage of corruption and related topics in three European democracies: France, Italy, and the United Kingdom. Based on Freedom House data, these countries are characterized by different levels of press freedom. A large corpus of newspaper articles (107,248 articles) from the period 2004 to 2013 were analyzed using dedicated software. We demonstrate that freedom of press is not the only dimension that affects the ability to and the way in which news media report on corruption. Because of its political partisanship, the Italian press tends to emphasize and dramatize corruption cases involving domestic public administrators and, in particular, politicians. The British coverage is affected mainly by market factors, and the press pays more attention to cases occurring abroad and in sport. The French coverage shares specific features with both the British and the Italian coverage: Newspapers mainly focus on corruption involving business companies and foreign actors, but they also cover cases involving domestic politicians. Media market segmentation, political parallelism, and media instrumentalization determine different representations preventing the establishment of unanimously shared indignation.

The Emerging Broad British View of Freedoms of Press and Speech, Before the Colonial Crisis

2020 ◽  
pp. 107-154
Author(s):  
Wendell Bird
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Freedom Of The Press ◽  
The Public ◽  
The People ◽  
The Press ◽  
Freedom Of Press ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Prior Restraint

For a time after licensing expired in England in 1695, some people identified freedom of press narrowly as freedom from licensing, but a broader concept was spreading. For example, Young Gentleman in 1712 said that one side sought restraint “either by reviving the [Licensing] Act . . . or by some other law” (like taxes), while the other side advocated “unrestrain’d freedom of the press” based on “the liberty and property of the subject, which all Britains are so tender of” and which “no act of Parliament . . . can infringe.” Increasingly, freedoms of press and speech were described as something more than freedom from prior restraint, such as “freedom . . . to communicate his sentiments to the public,” a right to publish, liberty of inquiry, freedom from any restraint, or security from prosecution. Cato’s Letters in 1720 stressed that if officials were trustees for the people, discussion and criticism of their trusteeship was a right.

Services of organizations working to promote the sponsorship of Islamic system in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rashid Akhaan Awan
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Democratic State ◽  
The World ◽  
Utmost Care ◽  
Disadvantaged People

Pakistan is an Islamic democratic state wherein the enactment of Islamic system is utmost necessary. Kafalat (social security) is one of its parts where it is required to look after the orphans, widows and disadvantaged people with utmost care. Purpose of Kafalat is to provide benefit to needy and deserving people. The concept of Kifalat in Islamic system is to grant and provide services from food to education, health, jobs and other elements of human life. Today Pakistani society needs such Islamic system of Kifalat which revive the early golden era of Khilfa-e-Rashdeen and the world would accept that their only survival is in this system which is a complete code of life

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document