scholarly journals Antimicrobial-Resistant Evolution and Global Spread of Enterococcus faecium Clonal Complex (CC) 17: Progressive Change from Gut Colonization to Hospital-Adapted Pathogen

2022 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
Zixin Peng ◽  
◽  
Lin Yan ◽  
Shuran Yang ◽  
Dajin Yang
Keyword(s):  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Clonal Complex ◽  
Progressive Change ◽  
Gut Colonization ◽  
Global Spread

scholarly journals Five Genes Encoding Surface-Exposed LPXTG Proteins Are Enriched in Hospital-Adapted Enterococcus faecium Clonal Complex 17 Isolates

2007 ◽  
Vol 189 (22) ◽  
pp. 8321-8332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoni P. A. Hendrickx ◽  
Willem J. B. van Wamel ◽  
George Posthuma ◽  
Marc J. M. Bonten ◽  
Rob J. L. Willems
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Clonal Complex ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
Surface Proteins ◽  
Dot Blot ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Invasive Infections

ABSTRACT Most Enterococcus faecium isolates associated with hospital outbreaks and invasive infections belong to a distinct genetic subpopulation called clonal complex 17 (CC17). It has been postulated that the genetic evolution of CC17 involves the acquisition of various genes involved in antibiotic resistance, metabolic pathways, and virulence. To gain insight into additional genes that may have favored the rapid emergence of this nosocomial pathogen, we aimed to identify surface-exposed LPXTG cell wall-anchored proteins (CWAPs) specifically enriched in CC17 E. faecium. Using PCR and Southern and dot blot hybridizations, 131 E. faecium isolates (40 CC17 and 91 non-CC17) were screened for the presence of 22 putative CWAP genes identified from the E. faecium TX0016 genome. Five genes encoding LPXTG surface proteins were specifically enriched in E. faecium CC17 isolates. These five LPXTG surface protein genes were found in 28 to 40 (70 to 100%) of CC17 and in only 7 to 24 (8 to 26%) of non-CC17 isolates (P < 0.05). Three of these CWAP genes clustered together on the E. faecium TX0016 genome, which may comprise a novel enterococcal pathogenicity island covering E. faecium contig 609. Expression at the mRNA level was demonstrated, and immunotransmission electron microscopy revealed an association of the five LPXTG surface proteins with the cell wall. Minimal spanning tree analysis based on the presence and absence of 22 CWAP genes revealed grouping of all 40 CC17 strains together with 18 hospital-derived but evolutionary unrelated non-CC17 isolates in a distinct CWAP-enriched cluster, suggesting horizontal transfer of CWAP genes and a role of these CWAPs in hospital adaptation.

scholarly journals Novel Structure of Enterococcus faecium-OriginatedermB-Positive Tn1546-Like Element in Staphylococcus aureus

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (10) ◽  
pp. 6108-6114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsai-Wen Wan ◽  
Wei-Chun Hung ◽  
Jui-Chang Tsai ◽  
Yu-Tzu Lin ◽  
Hao Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Clonal Complex ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Mobile Element ◽  
Pfge Analysis ◽  
S1 Nuclease ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Novel Structure ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant

ABSTRACTWe determined the resistance determinants in 274 erythromycin-resistant methicillin-susceptibleStaphylococcus aureus(MSSA) isolates during a 13-year period, 2000 to 2012. The resistance phenotypes, inducible macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin (iMLS), constitutive MLS (cMLS), and macrolide-streptogramin (MS) resistance phenotypes, were examined by a double-disk diffusion D test. TheermBgene was more frequent (35%; 97/274) thanermC(27%; 75/274) orermA(21%; 58/274). All 97ermB-positive isolates harbored Tn551and IS1216V. The majority (89/97) ofermB-positive isolates displayed the cMLS phenotype and carried mobile element structure (MES)-like structures, which has been previously reported in sequence type 59 (ST59) methicillin-resistantS. aureus(MRSA). The remaining 8ermB-carrying isolates, belonging to ST7 (n= 4), ST5 (n= 3), and ST59 (n= 1), weresasKintact and did not carry MES-like structures. Unlike a MES-like structure that was located on the chromosome, theermBelements onsasK-intact isolates were located on plasmids by S1 nuclease pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis and conjugation tests. Sequence data for theermB-containing region (14,566 bp) from ST59 NTUH_3874 revealed that the best match was a Tn1546-like element in plasmid pMCCL2 DNA (GenBank accession numberAP009486) ofMacrococcus caseolyticus. Tn1546is recognized as an enterococcal transposon and was known from the vancomycin resistance gene cluster in vancomycin-resistantEnterococcus(VRE). So far, acquisitions of Tn1546inS. aureushave occurred in clonal complex 5 (CC5) MRSA, but not in MSSA. This is the first report that MSSA harbors anEnterococcus faecium-originatedermB-positive Tn1546-like element located on a plasmid.

scholarly journals Serogroup W meningococcal disease: global spread and current affect on the Southern Cone in Latin America

2014 ◽  
Vol 142 (12) ◽  
pp. 2461-2470 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. ABAD ◽  
E. L. LÓPEZ ◽  
R. DEBBAG ◽  
J. A. VÁZQUEZ
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Clonal Complex ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Response Strategy ◽  
Target Groups ◽  
Immunization Programme ◽  
Global Spread ◽  
Current Century ◽  
Immunization Programmes

SUMMARYMeningococcal serogroup W strains have been emerging throughout the current century with most of the isolates belonging to the sequence type (ST11)/electrophoretic type (ET37) clonal complex (ST11/E37 CC), particularly since the international outbreak following Hajj 2000. That outbreak appears to have triggered off that trend, contributing to the spread of W ST11/ET37 CC strains globally; however, local strains could be also responsible for increases in the percentage and/or incidence rates of this serogroup in some countries. More recently, unexpected increases in the percentage and incidence rate of W has been noticed in different countries located in the South Cone in Latin America, and W ST11/ET37 CC strains now appear as endemic in the region and an extensive immunization programme with tetravalent conjugate vaccine (covering serogroups A, C, Y and W) has been recently implemented in Chile. It is difficult to ascertain whether we are observing the emergence of W ST11 CC strains in different geographical areas or whether the Hajj 2000 strain is still spreading globally. Several aspects of the evolution of that situation are analysed in this paper, reviewing also the implications in immunization programmes. Closely related with the analysis of this potential evolution, it will be very interesting to monitor the evolution of serogroup W in the African meningitis belt after implementation of the extensive immunization programme with serogroup A conjugate vaccine that is currently underway. More data about carriers, transmission, clonal lineages, etc. are needed for taking decisions (target groups, outbreak control, defining the extent, etc.) to adapt the response strategy with potential interventions with broad coverage vaccines against the emergent serogroup W.

scholarly journals 45. In Silico Identification of Virulence Factors That May Contribute to Enhanced Gut Colonization of ESBL e. Coli

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S23-S24
Author(s):  
Alondra Diaz ◽  
Grant R Whitmer ◽  
Mehreen Arshad
Keyword(s):  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Phosphotransferase System ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Fitness Advantage ◽  
Gut Colonization ◽  
Global Spread ◽  
Minimal Media

Abstract Background The rapid global spread of extended spectrum beta lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-E) strains threatens our ability to the treat many common infections and have become a major threat to public health. Some ESBL-E have a fitness advantage allowing them a competitive edge in gut colonization contributing to their global spread. We aimed to conduct in silico molecular characterization of virulence factors that may contribute to this fitness advantage. Methods For this observational study, we report data from fifteen whole-genome sequenced ESBL-E isolates found in the stool of a cohort of otherwise healthy infants. These strains were compared to MG1655 (commensal E. coli) and UTI89 (pan-sensitive uropathogenic E. coli). Phenotypic growth curves were done in minimal media with glucose as the only carbohydrate source. The genome sequences were assembled and annotated using Pathosystems Resource Integration Center (PATRIC) database and used to predict antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) as well as virulence factors that may be driving the competitive advantage of these strains. Results All ESBL E. coli strains encoded multiple ARGs including those that target beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines and macrolides. Growth curves in minimal media showed enhanced growth of some ESBL E. coli compared to control strains (Figure 1). ESBL-E strains 7 and 8 were also shown to have a higher copy number of carbohydrate metabolism genes. Proteome comparison of ESBL-E to MG1655 or UTI89 identified 93 and 321 proteins, respectively, with &lt; 50% homology to the corresponding protein in the comparator strains (Figure 2). However, only 29 proteins across all ESBL-E were showed non-homology to both MG1655 and UTI89. These included both fimbrial and phosphotransferase system proteins. Figure 1 Figure 2A Figure 2B Conclusion ESBL-E strains may use a combination of attributes to out-compete commensal or non-resistant E. coli. These may include enhanced carbohydrate metabolism, increased adherence to the epithelial cells (via fimbrial proteins) or greater efficiency of carbohydrate uptake from the environment (via the phosphotransferase system). Further in vitro and in vivo studies are in progress to verify these in silico observations. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

scholarly journals Emergence and global spread of Listeria monocytogenes main clinical clonal complex

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (49) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Moura ◽  
Noémie Lefrancq ◽  
Thierry Wirth ◽  
Alexandre Leclercq ◽  
Vítor Borges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Clonal Complex ◽  
Global Spread

scholarly journals Emergence and global spread of Listeria monocytogenes main clinical clonal complex

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Moura ◽  
Noémie Lefrancq ◽  
Alexandre Leclercq ◽  
Thierry Wirth ◽  
Vítor Borges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Clonal Complex ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Foodborne Pathogen ◽  
Global Spread ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractRetracing microbial emergence and spread is essential to understanding the evolution and dynamics of pathogens. The bacterial foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes clonal complex 1 (Lm-CC1) is the most prevalent clonal group associated with listeriosis, and is strongly associated with cattle and dairy products. Here we analysed 2,021 Lm-CC1 isolates collected from 40 countries, since the first Lm isolation to the present day, to define its evolutionary history and population dynamics. Our results suggest that Lm-CC1 spread worldwide from North America following the Industrial Revolution through two waves of expansion, coinciding with the transatlantic livestock trade in the second half of the 19th century and the rapid growth of cattle farming in the 20th century. Lm-CC1 then firmly established at a local level, with limited inter-country spread. This study provides an unprecedented insight into Lm-CC1 phylogeography and dynamics and can contribute to effective disease surveillance to reduce the burden of listeriosis.

scholarly journals Enterococcus faecium genome dynamics during long-term asymptomatic patient gut colonization

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jumamurat R. Bayjanov ◽  
Jery Baan ◽  
Malbert R. C. Rogers ◽  
Annet Troelstra ◽  
Rob J. L. Willems ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Gene Gain ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Nosocomial Pathogen ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Gut Colonization ◽  
Genome Dynamics

Enterococcus faecium is a gut commensal of humans and animals. In addition, it has recently emerged as an important nosocomial pathogen through the acquisition of genetic elements that confer resistance to antibiotics and virulence. We performed a whole-genome sequencing-based study on 96 multidrug-resistant E. faecium strains that asymptomatically colonized five patients with the aim of describing the genome dynamics of this species. The patients were hospitalized on multiple occasions and isolates were collected over periods ranging from 15 months to 6.5 years. Ninety-five of the sequenced isolates belonged to E. faecium clade A1, which was previously determined to be responsible for the vast majority of clinical infections. The clade A1 strains clustered into six clonal groups of highly similar isolates, three of which consisted entirely of isolates from a single patient. We also found evidence of concurrent colonization of patients by multiple distinct lineages and transfer of strains between patients during hospitalization. We estimated the evolutionary rate of two clonal groups that each colonized single patients at 12.6 and 25.2 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)/genome/year. A detailed analysis of the accessory genome of one of the clonal groups revealed considerable variation due to gene gain and loss events, including the chromosomal acquisition of a 37 kbp prophage and the loss of an element containing carbohydrate metabolism-related genes. We determined the presence and location of 12 different insertion sequence (IS) elements, with ISEfa5 showing a unique pattern of location in 24 of the 25 isolates, suggesting widespread ISEfa5 excision and insertion into the genome during gut colonization. Our findings show that the E. faecium genome is highly dynamic during asymptomatic colonization of the human gut. We observed considerable genomic flexibility due to frequent horizontal gene transfer and recombination, which can contribute to the generation of genetic diversity within the species and, ultimately, can contribute to its success as a nosocomial pathogen.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document