scholarly journals Modelling Team Cohesion during Military Conscription: a Multidimensional Model for Task Cohesion

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Team Cohesion ◽  
Multidimensional Model ◽  
Military Conscription ◽  
Task Cohesion

The team cohesion-performance relationship: A meta-analysis exploring measurement approaches and the changing team landscape

2021 ◽  
pp. 204138662110411
Author(s):  
Rebecca Grossman ◽  
Kevin Nolan ◽  
Zachary Rosch ◽  
David Mazer ◽  
Eduardo Salas
Keyword(s):  
Team Performance ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Team Cohesion ◽  
Plain Language ◽  
Predictive Capacity ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Optimal Measurement ◽  
Task Cohesion ◽  
Team Characteristics

Team cohesion is an important antecedent of team performance, but our understanding of this relationship is mired by inconsistencies in how cohesion has been conceptualized and measured. The nature of teams is also changing, and the effect of this change is unclear. By meta-analyzing the cohesion-performance relationship ( k = 195, n = 12,023), examining measurement moderators, and distinguishing modern and traditional team characteristics, we uncovered various insights. First, the cohesion-performance relationship varies based on degree of proximity. More proximal measures –task cohesion, referent-shift, and behaviorally-focused– show stronger relationships compared to social cohesion, direct consensus, and attitudinally-focused, which are more distal. Differences are more pronounced when performance metrics are also distal. Second, group pride is more predictive than expected. Third, the cohesion-performance relationship and predictive capacity of different measures are changing in modern contexts, but findings pertaining to optimal measurement approaches largely generalized. Lastly, important nuances across modern characteristics warrant attention in research and practice. Plain Language Summary Team cohesion is an important antecedent of team performance, but our understanding of this relationship is mired by inconsistencies in how cohesion has been conceptualized and measured. The nature of teams has also changed over time, and the effect of this change is unclear. By meta-analyzing the cohesion-performance relationship ( k = 195, n = 12,023), examining measurement moderators, and distinguishing between modern and traditional team characteristics, we uncovered various insights for both research and practice. First, the cohesion-performance relationship varies based on degree of proximity. Measures that are more proximal to what a team does – those assessing task cohesion, utilizing referent shift items, and capturing behavioral manifestations of cohesion – show stronger relationships with performance compared to those assessing social cohesion, utilizing direct consensus items, and capturing attitudinal manifestations of cohesion, which are more distal. These differences are more pronounced when performance metrics are also more distal. Second, despite being understudied, the group pride-performance relationship was stronger than expected. Third, modern team characteristics are changing both the overall cohesion-performance relationship and the predictive capacity of different measurement approaches, but findings pertaining to the most optimal measurement approaches largely generalized in that these approaches were less susceptible to the influence of modern characteristics. However, in some contexts, distal cohesion metrics are just as predictive as their more proximal counterparts. Lastly, there are important nuances across different characteristics of modern teams that warrant additional research attention and should be considered in practice. Overall, findings greatly advance science and practice pertaining to the team cohesion-performance relationship.

scholarly journals Do sporting experiences predict team cohesion in youth athletes?

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 102-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Roberto Andrade do Nascimento Junior ◽  
Adson Alves Da Silva ◽  
Carla Thamires Laranjeira Granja ◽  
Daniel Vicentini De Oliveira ◽  
Roseana Pacheco Reis Batista ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Team Cohesion ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Youth Athletes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Task Cohesion ◽  
Personal Skills ◽  
And Task

Abstract This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the association between sporting experiences and the perception of team cohesion according to sex among youth Brazilian recreational athletes. Participants were 253 youth athletes with age average of 12.97 ± 0.98 years.  Athletes represented the following sports: Indoor soccer (n=20); basketball (n=62); handball (n=123) and; volleyball (n=48). The instruments used were the Youth Experience Survey for Sport (P-YES-S) and the Youth Sport Environment Questionnaire (P-YSEQ). Independent sample t-test revealed significant difference between sexes in the dimensions of Personal Skills (p=0.02) and Task Cohesion (p=0.02). The following significant correlations were found for girls: Task Cohesion with Personal Skills (r=0.48), Initiative Experiences (r=0.37); and Social Cohesion with Personal Skills (r=0.41), Cognitive Skills (r=0.43) and Initiative Experiences (r=0.32). For boys, it was found the following correlations: Task Cohesion with Personal Skills (r=0.19), Initiative Experiences (r=0.42) and Negative Experiences (r=-0.22); and Social cohesion with Personal Skills (r=0.18) and Initiative Experiences (r=0.30). Multiple regression analysis indicated that sports experiences are significant predictors of task (R2=0.21; F=17.838; p<0.01) and social cohesion (R2=0.10; F=7.440; p<0.01). It can be concluded that positive sporting experiences may predict social and task cohesion among youth athletes.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Task Cohesion and Competitive State Anxiety

2003 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Eys ◽  
James Hardy ◽  
Albert V. Carron ◽  
Mark R. Beauchamp
Keyword(s):  
State Anxiety ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Team Cohesion ◽  
Field Hockey ◽  
Practice Session ◽  
Cognitive Anxiety ◽  
Group Environment ◽  
Group Integration ◽  
Task Cohesion ◽  
The Relationship

The general purpose of the present study was to determine if perceptions of team cohesion are related to the interpretation athletes attach to their precompetition anxiety. Specifically examined was the association between athlete perceptions of task cohesiveness (Individual Attractions to the Group– Task, ATG-T, and Group Integration–Task, GI-T) and the degree to which perceptions of the intensity of precompetition anxiety symptoms (cognitive and somatic) were viewed as facilitative versus debilitative. Participants were athletes (N = 392) from the sports of soccer, rugby, and field hockey. Each athlete completed the Group Environment Questionnaire (Carron, Widmeyer, & Brawley, 1985) after a practice session. A directionally modified version of the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (Martens, Burton, Vealey, Bump, & Smith, 1990) was completed just prior to a competition. Results showed that athletes who perceived their cognitive anxiety as facilitative had higher perceptions of both ATG-T and GI-T, χ2 (2, N = 260) = 8.96, p < .05, than athletes who perceived their cognitive anxiety as debilitative. Also, athletes who perceived their somatic anxiety as facilitative had higher perceptions of GI-T, χ2 (2, N = 249) = 5.85, p < .05.

scholarly journals Maximizing Learning Through Cohesion: Contributions From a Nonlinear Approach

2020 ◽  
pp. 104649642094448
Author(s):  
Isabel Dórdio Dimas ◽  
Paulo Renato Lourenço ◽  
Teresa Rebelo ◽  
Humberto Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Radial Basis Function ◽  
Quantitative Study ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Basis Function ◽  
Team Learning ◽  
Team Cohesion ◽  
Nonlinear Approach ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Task Cohesion ◽  
The Relationship

This study explores the relationship between team cohesion and team learning by adopting a nonlinear approach. A quantitative study with a sample composed of 82 organizational teams was conducted. Radial basis function (RBF) interpolation models were used, and results showed that the best predicting ability was obtained by the Thin Plate RBF model, which revealed that an increase in both dimensions of cohesion leads to an increase in team learning up to a certain threshold. Moreover, our results showed that the maximum value of team learning is obtained at higher values of task cohesion and moderate values of social cohesion.

Impact of team design and technical factors on team cohesion

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (7/8) ◽  
pp. 357-374
Author(s):  
Chitra Dey ◽  
Ganesh M.P.
Keyword(s):  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Team Cohesion ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Common Method ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Task Cohesion ◽  
Team Design

Purpose Based on the interpersonal interaction perspective of team cohesion, this study aims to examine the effects of team boundedness, formal coordination and organization tenure diversity on both task and social cohesion. The authors test for the interaction effect of organization tenure diversity on the relationships between the independent variables and the dimensions of team cohesion. Design/methodology/approach Data was collected from 111 software development teams and aggregated to the team level. Common latent factor test for common method bias showed no significant bias. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to test all the hypotheses. Findings SEM results show that team boundedness and formal coordination have positive and significant association with both dimensions of team cohesion. Formal coordination was found to be a stronger positive predictor for task cohesion than for social cohesion. Organization tenure diversity was found to be a stronger negative predictor for social cohesion than for task cohesion. Organization tenure diversity in the team moderates the relationship between formal coordination and task cohesion. Research limitations/implications The data was collected using a cross-sectional design. However, the authors have mitigated the effect of common method variance by adopting both procedural and statistical methods. Originality/value This paper expands extant literature by examining the antecedents of two important components of team cohesion, task and social cohesion. The authors proposed and found that the independent variables have different impacts on task and social cohesion. This study furthers both theory and practice by considering team boundedness as a variable of interest and its impact on internal team dynamics.

Appraisal in a Team Context: Perceptions of Cohesion Predict Competition Importance and Prospects for Coping

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 489-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svenja A. Wolf ◽  
Mark A. Eys ◽  
Pamela Sadler ◽  
Jens Kleinert
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Team Performance ◽  
Team Sport ◽  
Team Cohesion ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Impact Performance ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Task Cohesion ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
And Performance

Athletes’ precompetitive appraisal is important because it determines emotions, which may impact performance. When part of a team, athletes perform their appraisal within a social context, and in this study we examined whether perceived team cohesion, as a characteristic of this context, related to appraisal. We asked 386 male and female intercollegiate team-sport athletes to respond to measures of cohesion and precompetitive appraisal before an in-season game. For males and females, across all teams, (a) an appraisal of increased competition importance was predicted by perceptions of higher task cohesion (individual level), better previous team performance, and a weaker opponent (team level) and (b) an appraisal of more positive prospects for coping with competitive demands was predicted by higher individual attractions to the group (individual level). Consequently, athletes who perceive their team as more cohesive likely appraise the pending competition as a challenge, which would benefit both emotions and performance.

Team cohesion: the impact of team design and technical factors

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Team Cohesion ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Task Cohesion ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Team Design ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Task

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of team boundedness, and formal coordination on task and social cohesion and the moderating effect of organization tenure diversity. Design/methodology/approach Data was gathered from the responses of 398 team members and leaders working in 111 software development teams to a questionnaire survey. The hypotheses were all tested using structural equation modelling. Findings The results show team boundedness and formal coordination have positive and significant associations with task and social cohesion. Formal coordination is a stronger positive predictor for task than social cohesion. Organization tenure has a greater negative effect on social cohesion than task cohesion and moderates the relationship between formal coordination and task cohesion. Practical implications Therefore, for organizations to optimize team cohesion the impact of antecedent variables on social and task cohesion should be taken into considering in planning strategies for improvement. Originality/value This paper has an original approach by adding to the literature through an examination of the antecedent variables of task and social cohesion which are two key components of team cohesion.

A united front: Coach and teammate motivational climate and team cohesion among female adolescent athletes

2021 ◽  
pp. 174795412110069
Author(s):  
Maureen R Weiss ◽  
Hailee J Moehnke ◽  
Lindsay E Kipp
Keyword(s):  
Peer Interactions ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Team Cohesion ◽  
Female Adolescent ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Adolescent Athletes ◽  
Team Cohesiveness ◽  
Team Conflict ◽  
Task Cohesion ◽  
Motivational Climates

Based on theory and research on athlete motivation and sport cohesion, this study examined the concurrent association of perceived coach and peer motivational climates with team cohesion among female adolescent athletes. Participants ( N = 235) included 14- to 18-year-old competitive volleyball players who completed self-report measures of motivational climates and team cohesion in the latter part of the season. Canonical correlation analysis revealed that all coach and peer task-involving dimensions were positively related, and peer intra-team conflict (ego-involving dimension) was negatively related, to team cohesion. Task-involving dimensions of coach cooperative learning and peer effort and relatedness support contributed most strongly to the relationship as did task cohesion. Multiple regression analyses showed that elements of both coach and peer climates were related to task and social cohesion. Findings extend past research by simultaneously examining coaches and peers as social sources of team cohesion among female adolescent athletes. Specific strategies are offered for how coaches can enhance team cohesiveness by directly shaping a task-involving climate, minimizing an ego-involving climate, and fostering a teammate task-involving climate that promotes positive peer interactions and relationships.

A Multidimensional Theory of Suicide

Crisis ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 416-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoon A. Leenaars ◽  
Gudrun Dieserud ◽  
Susanne Wenckstern ◽  
Kari Dyregrov ◽  
David Lester ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidimensional Model ◽  
Psychological Autopsy ◽  
Suicide Survivors ◽  
Background Theory ◽  
Independent Verification ◽  
Suicide Notes ◽  
Interjudge Reliability ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Deceased People

Abstract. Background: Theory is the foundation of science; this is true in suicidology. Over decades of studies of suicide notes, Leenaars developed a multidimensional model of suicide, with international (crosscultural) studies and independent verification. Aim: To corroborate Leenaars's theory with a psychological autopsy (PA) study, examining age and sex of the decedent, and survivor's relationship to deceased. Method: A PA study in Norway, with 120 survivors/informants was undertaken. Leenaars' theoretical–conceptual (protocol) analysis was undertaken of the survivors' narratives and in-depth interviews combined. Results: Substantial interjudge reliability was noted (κ = .632). Overall, there was considerable confirmatory evidence of Leenaars's intrapsychic and interpersonal factors in suicide survivors' narratives. Differences were found in the age of the decedent, but not in sex, nor in the survivor's closeness of the relationship. Older deceased people were perceived to exhibit more heightened unbearable intrapsychic pain, associated with the suicide. Conclusion: Leenaars's theory has corroborative verification, through the decedents' suicide notes and the survivors' narratives. However, the multidimensional model needs further testing to develop a better evidence-based way of understanding suicide.

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