scholarly journals Understanding of Oral Oncology and its Change in Dynamics

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaniya Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Smoking Habits ◽  
Oral Oncology ◽  
Middle Class Families

With the increase in smoking habits, oral cancer is turning into a threat among smokers. It is also due to a lack of awareness among people, oral cancer is increasing rapidly. The increased rate of illiterate people in Nepal has been a reason for a change in dynamics. Due to a lack of awareness, people are diagnosed late with cancer which leads to an increased mortality rate. So, awareness is a must for the reduction of oral cancer. In most cases, surgery is the best chance. Since people in Nepal are mostly from middle-class families, it highly impacts their life. The article primarily addresses the incidence of oral cancer in Nepal. It also emphasizes the risk factors and causes of oral cancer along with its diagnosis and surgery.

Recent Advances in Oral Oncology

2009 ◽  
Vol 05 (01) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Alexander D Rapidis ◽  
Crispian Scully ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Targeted Therapy ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Oral Oncology

Oral cancer is becoming increasingly common and new risk factors have been recognised. Treatment remains largely surgical, but radiotherapy and, increasingly, chemotherapy and targeted therapy have roles to play.

scholarly journals Oral cancer: etiology, precancerous lesions and treatment: A literature review

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-292
Author(s):  
Joe Javier Lalangui Matamoros ◽  
Doménica Alejandra Solano Maldonado ◽  
Andrea Elizabeth Quito Zhinín ◽  
Fernando Mauricio Villalta Mendoza
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Cancer Etiology ◽  
Digital Repositories ◽  
Current Review ◽  
The World ◽  
Other Substances

Introduction: Oral cancer is one of the most common malign neoplasia around the world. However, despite current diagnosis tools, a high morbidity and mortality rate is present due to a late diagnosis and a lack of population consciousness about tobacco, alcohol, and other substances consumption. Objective: The current review aims to provide updated information about precancerous lesions, etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of oral cancer. Methodology: A bibliographic research on peer review articles were done in five digital repositories considering publications from 2015 up to date. Conclusion: Oral cancer is a frequent pathology with severe consequences for its affected patients. A wide knowledge on pre-malign lesions, risk factors, and early diagnosis is key to prevent the presence and development of this pathology.

Oral Cancer in the Indian Subcontinent‐Survival Outcomes and Risk Factors with Primary Surgery

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alok Thakar ◽  
Rishikesh Thakur ◽  
Aanchal Kakkar ◽  
Rajeev Kumar Malhotra ◽  
Chirom Amit Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Survival Outcomes ◽  
Primary Surgery

Examination of incidence, mortality and disability-adjusted life years and risk factors of breast cancer in 49 Asian countries, 1990–2019: estimates from Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Years ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Standardized Mortality Rate

Abstract Background This study presents an up-to-date, comprehensive and comparative examination of breast cancer’s temporal patterns in females in Asia in last three decades. Methods The estimates of incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted-life-years and risk factors of breast cancer in females in 49 Asian countries were retrieved from Global Burden of Disease 2019 study. Results In Asia, female breast cancer incidence grew from 245 045[226 259–265 260] in 1990 to 914 878[815 789–1025 502] in 2019 with age-standardized incidence rate rising from 21.2/100 000[19.6–22.9] to 35.9/100 000[32.0–40.2] between 1990 and 2019. The death counts more than doubled from 136 665[126 094–148 380] to 337 822[301 454–375 251]. The age-standardized mortality rate rose marginally between 1990 and 2019 (1990: 12.1[11.0–13.1]; 2019: 13.4[12.0–14.9]). In 2019, age-standardized incidence rate varied from 17.2/100 000[13.95–21.4] in Mongolia to 122.5[92.1–160.7] in Lebanon and the age-standardized mortality rate varied 4-fold from 8.0/100 000 [7.2–8.8] in South Korea to 51.9[39.0–69.8] in Pakistan. High body mass index (5.6%), high fasting plasma glucose (5.6%) and secondhand smoke (3.5%) were the main contributory risk factors to all-age disability-adjusted-life-years due to breast cancer in Asia. Conclusion With growing incidence, escalating dietary and behavioural risk factors and lower survival rates due to late-disease presentation in low- and medium-income countries of Asia, breast cancer has become a significant public health threat. Its rising burden calls for increasing breast cancer awareness, preventive measures, early-stage detection and cost-effective therapeutics in Asia.

scholarly journals Using the Exploratory Sequential Mixed Methods Design to Investigate Dental Patients’ Perceptions and Needs Concerning Oral Cancer Information, Examination, Prevention and Behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7562
Author(s):  
Mohammed Jafer ◽  
Rik Crutzen ◽  
Abdalla Ibrahim ◽  
Ibtisam Moafa ◽  
Haitham Zaylaee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Cancer Information ◽  
Mixed Methods Design ◽  
Dental Patients ◽  
Sequential Mixed Methods ◽  
Dental Practitioners ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Oral Cancer Examinations

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate dental patients’ behavior, thoughts, opinions and needs for oral cancer information, and dentists’ behavior regarding prevention and examination of oral cancer. Materials and Methods: This study utilized an exploratory sequential mixed methods design. Semi-structured interviews with open-ended questions were conducted for forty dental patients of both sexes. Based on the qualitative analysis, a structured questionnaire was developed and distributed among the participants. Data were analyzed for 315 participants to quantify their thoughts, needs, behavior and behavior expected from dentists regarding oral cancer. Frequency, percentages and cumulative percentages were calculated. Results: This study reveals that patients’ oral cancer knowledge levels were adequate, but most reported that their dentist had never examined them for oral cancer. Additionally, the participants had never performed self-examinations for oral cancer, nor were they aware of the possibility of doing so. Participants showed a preference for being examined and educated by their dentist about oral cancer and believed it would help early detection. Conclusions: The study participants are aware of oral cancer and its risk factors. The practice of oral cancer examinations and patient education of its risk factors by dental practitioners is limited. Patients feel a need for more attention to be paid to oral cancer examinations, preventive measures and targeted information on oral cancer risk factors.

scholarly journals AB0393 PRE-EXISTING MORBIDITY AS A RISK FACTORS FOR MORTALITY IN IgA VASCULITIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1224.3-1225
Author(s):  
J. Nossent ◽  
D. Preen ◽  
W. Raymond ◽  
H. Keen ◽  
C. Inderjeeth
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Iga Vasculitis ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Serious Infections ◽  
Western Australian

Background:IgA vasculitis is generally considered to be a self-limiting condition, but this is at odds with the increased mortality observed in adult patients with IgA vasculitis (1).Objectives:With sparse data on prognostic factors in IgAV, we investigated whether pre-existing conditions are risk factors for mortality in adult IgAV patients.Methods:Observational population-based cohort study using state-wide linked longitudinal health data for adults with IgAV (n=267) and matched controls (n=1080) between 1980-2015. Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) and serious infections (SI) were recorded over an extensive lookback period prior to diagnosis. Date and causes of death were extracted from the WA Death Registry. Mortality rate (deaths/1000 person-years) ratios (MRR) and time dependent survival analysis assessed the risk of death. Age and gender specific mortality rate data were obtained from the Australian Bureau of Statistics.Results:During 9.9 (±9.8) years lookback IgAV patients accrued higher CCI scores (2.60 vs1.50 p<0.001) and had higher risk of SI (OR 8.4, p<0.001), not fully explained by CCI scores. During 19 years follow-up, the risk of death in IgAV patients (n=137) was higher than in controls (n=397) (MRR 2.06, CI 1.70-2.50, p<0.01) and the general population (SMRR 5.64, CI 4.25, 7.53, p<0.001). Survival in IgAV was reduced at five (72.7 vs. 89.7 %) and twenty years (45.2% vs. 65.6 %) (both p<0.05). CCI (HR1.88, CI:1.25 - 2.73, p=0.001), renal failure (HR 1.48, CI: 1.04 - 2.22, p=0.03) and prior SI (HR 1.48, CI:1.01 – 2.16, p=0.04) were independent risk factors. Death from infections (5.8 vs 1.8%, p=0.02) was significantly more frequent in IgAV patients.Conclusion:Premorbid accrual of comorbidity is increased and predicts premature death in IgAV patients. However, comorbidity does not fully explain the increased risk of serious infections prior to diagnosis or the increased mortality due to infections in IgAV.References:[1]Villatoro-Villar M, Crowson CS, Warrington KJ, Makol A, Ytterberg SR, Koster MJ. Clinical Characteristics of Biopsy-Proven IgA Vasculitis in Children and Adults: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Mayo Clin Proc. 2019;94(9):1769-80.Acknowledgements:The authors would like to acknowledge the support of the Arthritis Foundation of WA and acknowledge the Western Australian Data Linkage Branch, the Western Australian Department of Health, and the data custodians of, the Hospital and Morbidity Data Collection, the Emergency Department Data Collection the WA Cancer Register and the WA Death Register for their assistance with the study.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

Patients With Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Admitted to the ICU With Acute Respiratory Failure—A Reevaluation of the Risk Factors and Outcomes

2021 ◽  
pp. 088506662198924
Author(s):  
Matthew Schrader ◽  
Matheni Sathananthan ◽  
Niranjan Jeganathan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Acute Respiratory Failure ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Apache Score ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Organ Failures

Introduction: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients admitted to the ICU with acute respiratory failure (ARF) are known to have a poor prognosis. However, the majority of the studies published to date are older and had small sample sizes. Given the advances in ICU care since the publication of these studies, we sought to reevaluate the outcomes and risk factors associated with mortality in these patients. Methods: Retrospective study using a large multi-center ICU database. We identified 411 unique patients with IPF admitted with ARF between 2014-2015. Results: Of all IPF patients admitted to the ICU with ARF, 81.3% required mechanical ventilation (MV): 48.9% invasive and 32.4% non-invasive alone. The hospital mortality rate was 34.5% for all patients; 48.8% in patients requiring invasive MV, 21.8% in those requiring non-invasive MV and 19.5% with no MV. In multiple regression analyses, age, APACHE score, invasive MV, and hyponatremia at admission were associated with increased mortality whereas post-op status was associated with lower mortality. In patients requiring invasive MV, baseline PaO2/FiO2 ratio was also predictive of mortality. Non-pulmonary organ failures were present in less than 20% of the patients. Conclusions: Although the overall mortality rate for IPF patients admitted to the ICU with ARF has improved, the mortality rates for patients requiring invasive MV remains high at approximately 50%. Older age, high APACHE score, and low baseline PaO2/FiO2 ratio are factors predictive of increased mortality in this population.

P102. Risk factors of oral cancer in the United Arab Emirates

Oral Oncology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. S106-S107
Author(s):  
S. Al-Amad ◽  
M. McCullough ◽  
M. Jaloudi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
United Arab Emirates
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