scholarly journals 1, 2, 3, Fork: Counter Mode Variants based on a Generalized Forkcipher

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-35
Author(s):  
Elena Andreeva ◽  
Amit Singh Bhati ◽  
Bart Preneel ◽  
Damian Vizár
Keyword(s):  
Block Ciphers ◽  
Modes Of Operation ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Face ◽  
Security Properties ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Single Input ◽  
Efficiency Comparison ◽  
Beyond Birthday Bound ◽  
Security Notion

A multi-forkcipher (MFC) is a generalization of the forkcipher (FC) primitive introduced by Andreeva et al. at ASIACRYPT’19. An MFC is a tweakable cipher that computes s output blocks for a single input block, with s arbitrary but fixed. We define the MFC security in the ind-prtmfp notion as indistinguishability from s tweaked permutations. Generalizing tweakable block ciphers (TBCs, s = 1), as well as forkciphers (s = 2), MFC lends itself well to building simple-to-analyze modes of operation that support any number of cipher output blocks.Our main contribution is the generic CTR encryption mode GCTR that makes parallel calls to an MFC to encrypt a message M. We analyze the set of all 36 “simple and natural” GCTR variants under the nivE security notion by Peyrin and Seurin rom CRYPTO’16. Our proof method makes use of an intermediate abstraction called tweakable CTR (TCTR) that captures the core security properties of GCTR common to all variants, making their analyses easier. Our results show that many of the schemes achieve from well beyond birthday bound (BBB) to full n-bit security under nonce respecting adversaries and some even BBB and close to full n-bit security in the face of realistic nonce misuse conditions.We finally present an efficiency comparison of GCTR using ForkSkinny (an MFC with s = 2) with the traditional CTR and the more recent CTRT modes, both are instantiated with the SKINNY TBC. Our estimations show that any GCTR variant with ForkSkinny can achieve an efficiency advantage of over 20% for moderately long messages, illustrating that the use of an efficient MFC with s ≥ 2 brings a clear speed-up.

SRCE: Security Protocol in RFID Back-End System Based on Certificate and ECDH

2014 ◽  
Vol 577 ◽  
pp. 970-973
Author(s):  
Bing Zhang ◽  
Guo Gen Wan
Keyword(s):  
Computational Efficiency ◽  
Key Exchange ◽  
Security Protocol ◽  
Security Threats ◽  
Data Confidentiality ◽  
Key Exchange Protocol ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Face ◽  
Security Properties ◽  
Technical Framework

The RFID back-end system is the core of the thing of networking technical framework, and it has suffered more security threats. In the face of these security problems in the backend system, this paper design a node bidirectional authentication and key exchange protocol based on certificate and ECDH(SRCE), to guarantee the safety of the RFID backend systems. The analysis result indicates that the protocol obtain smaller key sizes and higher computational efficiency on the performance, furthermore, there are many security properties in which, such as data confidentiality, mutual entity authentication, against known key attack, etc.

Material Selection for CFRP-Aluminium-Foam-Sandwiches Manufactured by a PUR Spraying Process

2017 ◽  
Vol 742 ◽  
pp. 317-324
Author(s):  
Peter Rupp ◽  
Peter Elsner ◽  
Kay André Weidenmann
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Sandwich Structures ◽  
Bending Stiffness ◽  
Effective Density ◽  
Sandwich Composites ◽  
Open Cell ◽  
The Core ◽  
Bending Modulus ◽  
The Face ◽  
Spraying Process

Sandwich structures are ideal for planar parts which require a high bending stiffness ata low weight. Usually, sandwich structures are manufactured using a joining step, connecting theface sheets with the core. The PUR spraying process allows to include the infiltration of the facesheet fibres, the curing of the matrix and the joining of the face sheets to the core within one processstep. Furthermore, this manufacturing process allows for the use of open cell core structures withoutinfiltrating the core, which enables a comparison of different material configurations, assembled bythe same manufacturing process. The selection of these materials, with the aim of the lowest possiblemass of the sandwich composite at a constant bending stiffness, is displayed systematically within thiswork.It could be shown that the bending modulus calculated from the component properties matched theexperimentally achieved values well, with only few exceptions. The optimum of the bending modulus,the face sheet thickness and the resulting effective density could be calculated and also matched theexperimental values well. The mass-specific bending stiffness of the sandwich composites with corestructures of open cell aluminium foams was higher than with closed cell aluminium foams, but wasexceeded by sandwich composites with Nomex honeycomb cores.

Devolution processes and the theory of historical development by S. Sanderson

2021 ◽  
pp. 72-77
Author(s):  
A.V. Verkhoturov ◽  
◽  
A.A. Obukhov
Keyword(s):  
Historical Development ◽  
World System ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Evolutionary Trend ◽  
The Core ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face ◽  
American Historian ◽  
Immanuel Wallerstein ◽  
Main Ideas

Analyzed is one of the most comprehensive modern approaches to the problem of the existence of evolution of human society as such and of specific human communities, i.e. “General Theory of Historical Development” by American historian and sociologist Stephen Sanderson. While agreeing, in general, with its main ideas, we believe that it is important to note that the issue of existence of individual communities demonstrating devolution (regression to an earlier historical state), stagnation or degeneration at certain historical stages is practically ignored in the framework of the theory under consideration. This creates its vulnerability in the face of specific empirical data, indicating a deviation from the evolutionary trend. We believe that overcoming this theoretical difficulty is possible in the process of comprehending the theory of S. Sanderson in the context of ideas of the world-system approach of Immanuel Wallerstein. We want to show that examples of devolution, stagnation and degeneration of societies do not deny general progressive evolutionary tendencies, characteristic for the world-system as a whole, but only indicate the transition of a particular society to a lower level within the world-system (from the core to the semi-periphery, or from the semi-periphery to the periphery).

The Changing Ethics of Climate Change

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Mittler
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Moral Obligation ◽  
Environmental Movement ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Renewable Energies ◽  
Car Use ◽  
The Face ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
The Right

Many in the environmental movement have argued in recent years that in order to speed up climate actions we should take the ethics out of the climate change debate. Focusing on the moral obligation to act or on the effects of climate change on the most vulnerable was often judged to render the discourse too “heavy,” “negative,” or “difficult.” Many also deemed it unnecessary. After all, renewable energies, better designed cities that allow for reduced car use, and power plant regulations that lead to cleaner local air—to take just three examples—all have real and substantial benefits unrelated to the fact that they are “the right thing to do” in the face of climate change. They create jobs, reduce health problems and costs, and make society fitter.

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTASI STATIC APPLICATION SECURITY TESTING MENGGUNAKAN JENKINS CI/CD BERBASIS DOCKER CONTAINER PADA PT. EMPORIA DIGITAL RAYA

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (02) ◽  
pp. 95-99
Author(s):  
Abriza Mahandis Shama ◽  
Dian W. Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Android Application ◽  
Security Testing ◽  
Application Security ◽  
The Core ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Code Quality

PT. Emporia Digital Raya is an fintech company. The product include web and android application. However, in the deployment system, PT Emporia Digital Raya still uses an ancient system with a single vm system and only uses git for deployment to server. Even though at this time the deployment process of an application has grown very far. Therefore, in this study will created a system which is currently popular being used. This system is called DevSecOps. Devsecops will need a tools like Jenkins, Sonarqube, and Docker. The core of this system is the automation process where the deployment process is no longer done manually as before. With this system, it is hoped that will help speed up developer work and improve code quality.

scholarly journals Public Space as a Venue for Peacebuilding in Lebanon? The Role of Civic Movements in Reclaiming Public Space in Beirut and Tripoli

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-46
Author(s):  
Aseel Naamani ◽  
Ruth Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Public Life ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Building Relationships ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Face ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post War

The issue of public spaces is increasingly at the core of civic movements and discourse of reform in Lebanon, coming to the fore most recently in the mass protests of October 2019. Yet, these most recent movements build on years of activism and contestation, seeking to reclaim rights to access and engage with public spaces in the face of encroachments, mainly by the private sector. Urban spaces, including the country’s two biggest cities – Beirut and Tripoli – have been largely privatised and the preserve of an elite few, and post-war development has been marred with criticism of corruption and exclusivity. This article explores the history of public spaces in Beirut and Tripoli and the successive civic movements, which have sought to realise rights to public space. The article argues that reclaiming public space is central to reform and re-building relationships across divides after years of conflict. First, the article describes the evolution of Lebanon’s two main urban centres. Second, it moves to discuss the role of the consociational system in the partition and regulation of public space. Then it describes the various civic movements related to public space and examines the opportunities created by the October 2019 movement. Penultimately it interrogates the limits imposed by COVID-19 and recent crises. Lastly, it explores how placemaking and public space can contribute to peacebuilding and concludes that public spaces are essential to citizen relationships and inclusive participation in public life and affairs.

Effect of Core Plasticity on the Post-Buckling Behavior of Debonded Sandwich Beams

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhavani V. Sankar ◽  
Manickam Narayanan ◽  
Abhinav Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Material ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Face Sheet ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
The Core ◽  
Perfectly Plastic ◽  
The Face ◽  
Post Buckling ◽  
Elastic Perfectly Plastic

Abstract Nonlinear finite element analysis was used to simulate compression tests on sandwich composites containing debonded face sheets. The core was modeled as an elastic-perfectly-plastic material, and the face-sheet as elastic isotropic. The effects of core plasticity, face-sheet and core thickness, and debond length on the maximum load the beam can carry were studied. The results indicate that the core plasticity is an important factor that determines the maximum load.

Buckling and Postbuckling of Sandwich Beams With Delaminated Faces Based on Higher Order Core Theory

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. F. Li ◽  
Y. Frostig ◽  
G. A. Kardomateas
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Distortion ◽  
Variational Principles ◽  
Vertical Direction ◽  
Initial Imperfection ◽  
Order Theory ◽  
Sandwich Beams ◽  
Postbuckling Behavior ◽  
The Core ◽  
Core Theory ◽  
The Face

Abstract Delaminations within the face sheets are often observed when a sandwich structure is exposed to impact loads. The buckling and postbuckling behavior of sandwich beams with delaminated faces is investigated in this work. The governing nonlinear equations, boundary conditions, and continuity conditions are formulated through variational principles. The beam construction consists of upper and lower, metallic or composite laminated symmetric skins, and a soft core of a foam or low strength honeycomb type. A high order theory is used for the core that accounts for the nonlinear distortion of the plane of section of the core and the compressibility in the vertical direction. The delamination considered is an interface crack, in which the substrate includes the transversely flexible core. The case of a debond at one of the skin-core interfaces is also included. The effects of the delamination length and location on the overall and local behavior are examined with an arbitrary initial imperfection.

scholarly journals Effect of Sodium Starch Glycolate on Formulation of Fexofenadine Hydrochloride Immediate Release Tablets by Direct Compression Method

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Karim ◽  
A. Biswas ◽  
A. Bosu ◽  
F. R. Laboni ◽  
A. S. Julie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immediate Release ◽  
Direct Compression ◽  
Compression Method ◽  
Release Formulation ◽  
The Core ◽  
Sodium Starch Glycolate ◽  
Zero Order Kinetics ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Usp Apparatus ◽  
Paddle Apparatus

Present study aspires at the design of an immediate release formulation with prospective use of fexofenadine hydrochloride by exploring the effect of sodium starch glycolate as super disintegrant. Fexofenadine hydrochloride immediate release tablets (Formulations F-1, F-2, F-3, F-4 and F-5) using different ratios of sodium starch glycolate as a disintegrant were prepared by direct compression method. Standard physicochemical tests were performed for all the formulations. Dissolution studies of the formulations were done in phosphate buffer, pH 6.8 using USP apparatus II (paddle apparatus) at 50 rpm. Percent release of fexofenadine hydrochloride of formulations F-1, F-2, F-3, F-4 and F-5 were 89.98%, 90.98%, 92.95, 96.92% and 99.85%, respectively after 1 h and the release pattern followed the zero order kinetics. The release rate in the formulation F-5 was higher compared to other formulations and the studied market products. Sodium starch glycolate speed up the release of the drug from the core tablets, and the release of fexofenadine hydrochloride from tablets was directly proportional to the amount of sodium starch glycolate present in the formulations and there by produced immediate action.

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