scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND GC-MS ANALYSIS OF BIOACTIVE CONSTITUENTS OF THE HEXANE EXTRACT FROM ACANTHOSPERMUM HISPIDUM (whole plant)

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akoh, O. U ◽  
Mac-Kalunta O. M ◽  
Emewusim, C. M
Keyword(s):  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Entire Plant

Although Acanthospermum hispidum has long been considered as a competitive invasive weed of agricultural plantations, it has recently become a sought after raw material to manufacture syrups in the treatment of asthma, bronchitis and fever. In the present study, the bioactive components of Acanthospermum hispidium entire plant have been accessed via GC-MS analysis. Six compounds from the hexane extract of the whole plant were identified. The most prevalent are glycerine (100.00%), 1-benzoypiperidine (40.26%) and erythritol (15.79%). Phytochemical screening investigation carried out using standard procedures showed the presence of Alkaloids, Steriods, Saponnins, Tannin, Flavonoids, Phenol, Terpenoids.

Phytochemical Screening, Antimicrobial Activities and Nutritional content of Jatropha Tanjorensis Leaves

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 108-113
Author(s):  
B A Anhwange ◽  
I G Agbidye ◽  
B A Kyenge ◽  
P O Ngbede
Keyword(s):  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Hexane Extracts

The leaves of Jatropha tanjarensis were collected and assessed for their phytochemical compositions and antimicrobial activities using methanolic and hexane extracts as to determine the bioactive components and their effects on microorganisms. Also, the nutritional potential was investigated through the determination of proximate composition using standard procedures. The result of phytochemical screening indicated the presence of saponins, cardiac glycosides, reducing sugars, steroids, alkaloids and flavonoids in methanolic extract, the same observation was recorded in n-hexane extract except that reducing sugars were absent and phlobotannins were present. The antimicrobial activities of the leaves extract show that it have some antimicrobial properties. Results of the proximate composition and mineral analysis revealed that the plant is a good source of fiber and minerals. Therefore, leaves of Jatropha tanjarensisapart from being used as antimicrobial agents, can serve as good sources of fiber and minerals when used as vegetables.

scholarly journals Preliminary phytochemical screening of Lantana camara, L., a major invasive species of Kerala, using different solvents

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 1794
Author(s):  
Sushma Raj
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Lantana Camara ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Natural Form ◽  
Large Reservoir ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Medicinal Use ◽  
Wide Range

Plants and plant extracts have important role in modern medicine as their chemical and medicinal constituents are found in natural form. The secondary metabolites represent a large reservoir of structural moieties which work together exhibiting a wide range of biological activities. Plants and plant based products are bases of many modern pharmaceuticals that are currently in use for various diseases. Lantana camara, L., also known as big – sage or wild – sage is one of the major invasive weed in India. Six different solvents viz; distilled water, acetone, alcohol, chloroform, petroleum ether and benzene were used to obtain extracts from powdered leaves and roots of Lantana camara, L. The extracts were subjected to qualitative phytochemical screening using standard procedures. Of the 15 phytochemicals tested, 10 were found in various solvent extracts of Lantana camara, L. By this study, it was confirmed that the selected plant species is a potent source of useful drugs. Present day, particularly in India, Lantana camara, L. is considered as a threat to our biodiversity. So a controlled management is necessary to make use its medicinal use.

scholarly journals GC-MS analysis of the essential oil, aroma components and n-hexane extract of St. John Wort (Hypericum perforatum L., Hypericaceae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (01) ◽  
pp. 63-77
Author(s):  
Arijeta Shabani ◽  
Marija Karapandzova ◽  
Ivana Cvetkovikj Karanfilova ◽  
Gjose Stefkov ◽  
Svetlana Kulevanova
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Hypericum Perforatum ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Specific Chemical ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Hexane Extracts ◽  
Pharmacological Potential ◽  
Aroma Components

St. John Wort (Hypercum perforatum L., Hypericaceae) has been used as a medicinal plant for a long period of time as this plant is characterized by a diversity of bioactive constituents which possess well documented pharmacological activities including antiviral, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hepatoprotective and anti-tumoral activity. Nowadays, special interest is put on its essential oil as some experimental studies showed great biological and pharmacological potential. According this, the main goal of this study was GC/MS analysis of the essential oil, aroma components as well as n-hexane extracts of Hypericum perforatum that grows in Western region in R. Macedonia. GC/FID/MS analyses of the isolated essential oils from leaf, flower and herb resulted in the identification of 84 compounds. The fraction of sesquiterpenes was dominated in all examined oils and the main constituents were germacrene D (17.77-39.03%), E-caryophyllene (11.37-25.71%) and β-selinene (0.69-4.77%). GC/HS/MS analyses of the aroma components resulted in the identification of 23 compounds. Among them, isononane was identified as main aroma component (up to 75%). GC/FID/MS analyses of the n-hexane extracts resulted in the identification of 60 compounds which were characterized by the presence of terpenoid (mono- and sesquiterpene) components and non-terpenoid constituents mainly consisted of hydrocarbons and their oxygenate derivatives and related components. The non-terpenoid fraction represented the largest part of the analysed extracts. The most abundant were nonacosane (15.45-49.28%), octacosane (1.33-40.05%) and pentacosane (1.68-9.04%). The aerial parts of H. perforatum collected from Western part of R. Macedonia could be considered as a good source of essential oil with specific chemical profile as well as aroma components and high lipophilic compounds, but further investigation should be done in accordance to their possible commercial or medicinal use. Keywords: Hypericum perforatum, essential oil, aroma components, n-hexane extract, GC-MS

scholarly journals Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) Analysis and Phytochemical Screening of Polyherbal Aqueous Leaves Extract (PALE)

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-18
Author(s):  
M. Idu ◽  
M. O. Aihiokhai ◽  
C. A. Imoni ◽  
C. E. Akokigho ◽  
N. C. Olali
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Octadecadienoic Acid ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Acid Ethyl Ester ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Hexadecanoic Acid ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Ms Analysis

Background: Polyherbal plant extracts which usually comprise of two or more plant parts often contain a wide array of key phytoactive constituents relevant in attaining greater therapeutic efficacy. The active constituents derived from individual plants are insufficient to provide attractive pharmacological action when compared to a combination of multiple herbs. Objective: To conduct phytochemical screening of polyherbal aqueous leaf extracts                            (PALE) and analysis of compounds present in it by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Materials and Methods: The polyherbal extract was prepared from the combined aqueous extracts of leaves of Alchornea cordifolia, Sorghum bicolor and Pennisetum glaucum using ratio 1:1:1 w/v. Phytochemical screening was done via standard analytical methods. The identification and characterization of compounds by GC-MS analysis was performed on gas chromatography system coupled with mass spectrometry. Results: The phytochemical analysis of PALE revealed the presence of phenols, saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids and tannins in varying quantities. GC-MS analysis of the extract depicts the presence of key bioactive compounds. Thirty-two bioactive compounds were identified with various retention time and % peaks. The major compounds identified in terms of % peak area are n-Hexadecanoic acid (6.72), Hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester (7.28), 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (16.54) and 9-Octadecenoic acid ethyl ester (12.92). Disulfide, dimethyl (0.04), 2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol (0.28), 1-Dodecanol (0.85), 10-Phenyldecanoic acid (0.12), 1-Hexadecanol (0.75), Methoxyacetic acid, pentadecyl ester (0.27), 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z)-, phenylmethyl ester (0.16), Hexadecanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl) (1.09), were among the minor compounds identified in the extract. From the study, 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid indicated the highest peak with a retention time of 20.556 minutes and % peak area of 16.54%. Conclusion: The presence of the revealed bioactive constituents in PALE may suggest its nutraceutical, pharmacological and therapeutic relevance. Therefore, in view of the medicinal importance associated with the observed bioactive constituents, further studies on the toxicity level of  the extract is advised subsequently.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Screening, GC-MS Analysis and Antibacterial Evaluation of Ethanolic Leaves Extract of Avicennia marina

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4-A) ◽  
pp. 145-150
Author(s):  
S Vasanthakumar ◽  
G Dineshkumar ◽  
K Jayaseelan
Keyword(s):  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Avicennia Marina ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Antibacterial Evaluation

Medicinal plants were used to treat diseases traditionally since ancient times. The present work aims to investigate the bioactive constituents through GC MS analysis of ethanolic leaf extracts of A.marina. Phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Phenols, Reducing sugars, Saponins, Tannin, Glycoside, Triterpenoids and Carbohydrate in A.marina. The characterization of the compounds by Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) technique has reported the presence of thirty compounds in A.marina leaves. These compounds possess different pharmacological properties like anti-microbial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective properties. Keywords: Avicennia marina, GC-MS, Bioactive compounds, Antibacterial activity.

scholarly journals FRACTIONATION OF THE N-HEXANE EXTRACT OF GARCINIA BANCANA MIQ. (MANGGIS HUTAN) LEAVES AND ITS ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY BASED ON 1,1-DIPHENYL-2- PICRYLHYDRAZYL AND FERRIC REDUCING ANTIOXIDANT POWER ASSAYS

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 407
Author(s):  
Dewi Kumala Putri ◽  
Berna Elya ◽  
Nuraini Puspitasari
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Active Fraction ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power

Objective: To assess the antioxidant activity from another part of the plant, in this study, leaf extracts in n-hexane were fractionated.Methods: Ten fractions were obtained and tested in vitro for antioxidant activity using two methods, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferricreducing antioxidant power (FRAP), to identify the most active fraction.Results: The IC50 of the most active fraction was 36.24 μg/mL using the DPPH method, and the EC50 was 39.54 μg/mL using the FRAP method. Themost active fraction was also shown to contain terpenoids.Conclusion: The most active fraction of an n-hexane extract of the leaves of Gacinia bancana Miq., which was tested by both DPPH and FRAP methodshad antioxidant activities with IC50 and EC50 values of 36.2482 μg/mL and 39.5442 μg/mL, respectively. Phytochemical screening showed that activefraction contains terpenoids.

scholarly journals Human Milk Microbiota and Oligosaccharides: A Glimpse into Benefits, Diversity and Correlations

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1123
Author(s):  
Carole Ayoub Moubareck
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Genetic Significance ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Insight Into

Human milk represents a cornerstone for growth and development of infants, with extensive array of benefits. In addition to exceptionally nutritive and bioactive components, human milk encompasses a complex community of signature bacteria that helps establish infant gut microbiota, contributes to maturation of infant immune system, and competitively interferes with pathogens. Among bioactive constituents of milk, human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are particularly significant. These are non-digestible carbohydrates forming the third largest solid component in human milk. Valuable effects of HMOs include shaping intestinal microbiota, imparting antimicrobial effects, developing intestinal barrier, and modulating immune response. Moreover, recent investigations suggest correlations between HMOs and milk microbiota, with complex links possibly existing with environmental factors, genetics, geographical location, and other factors. In this review, and from a physiological and health implications perspective, milk benefits for newborns and mothers are highlighted. From a microbiological perspective, a focused insight into milk microbiota, including origins, diversity, benefits, and effect of maternal diet is presented. From a metabolic perspective, biochemical, physiological, and genetic significance of HMOs, and their probable relations to milk microbiota, are addressed. Ongoing research into mechanistic processes through which the rich biological assets of milk promote development, shaping of microbiota, and immunity is tackled.

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