scholarly journals Mineralogy and Chemical Composition of Basalt Stone Tools in Some Iraqi Archaeological Sites

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (1C) ◽  
pp. 101-113
Author(s):  
Aqeel Al-Zubaidy
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Olivine Basalt ◽  
Stone Tools ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Source Areas ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Group A ◽  
Vesicular Basalt ◽  
Trade Route ◽  
Group B

Basalt stone tools were collected from some Iraqi Archaeological Sites. Twenty-one samples were studied petrographically, mineralogically, and chemical composition. Five samples were from the Gaara Depression north of Rutba town, seven samples from Tarmiya, north Baghdad, seven samples from Dalmij site, east of Diwaniya city, and two samples from Jordan, which were used for comparison. The studied samples were classified into three groups, according to their mineralogy and texture: Group A: Vesicular Basalt, Group B: Dolerite, and Group C: Olivine Basalt. These stones most probably were used as a hand axe, grinder, hammer, and other uses, as well as for buildings, like those used in Qasar Al- Azraq and Umm Al- Jamal archaeological sites in Jordan. These basalt rocks most probably were transported by an ancient man from Harrat Al-Sham, which extends through Syria-Jordan-Saudi Arabia, or from NE Syria through a trade route that connected between source areas and the studied archaeological sites in Iraq.

Comparison of Incision and Drainage against Needle Aspiration for the Treatment of Breast Abscess

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
pp. 1224-1227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Naeem ◽  
Muhammad Kazim Rahimnajjad ◽  
Nasir Ali Rahimnajjad ◽  
Qazi Jalaluddin Ahmed ◽  
Pyar Ali Fazel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Healing Time ◽  
Breast Abscess ◽  
Ultrasound Guided ◽  
Incision And Drainage ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Bacterial Yield ◽  
Point Tenderness

We aim to compare the incision and drainage against ultrasound-guided aspiration for the treatment of breast abscesses. Sixty-four patients were randomly allocated to Group A (incision and drainage) and Group B (needle aspiration). Incision and drainage was done under general, whereas aspiration was done under local anesthesia with antibiotic coverage after the pus sample was taken for cultures. Time taken to resolve symptoms including point tenderness, erythema and hyperthermia, recurrence of breast abscess, and healing time was recorded. Patients were followed until 8 weeks. Culture and sensitivity of the pus were done. Data were analyzed in SPSS 16.0. The mean difference of healing time was significant ( P = 0.001). A total of 93.3 per cent were healed in Group B and 76.6 per cent in Group A ( P = 0.033). Twenty-two samples (34.37%) had no bacterial yield and the remaining 42 samples (65.6%) yielded 11 anaerobic cultures (17.18%) and 31 aerobic cultures (48.4%). Ultrasound-guided aspiration of breast abscesses with the judicious use of antibiotics is a better treatment modality than incision and drainage.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Particles and Debris Released after Implantoplasty: A Comparative Study

Materials ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 602
Author(s):  
Xixi Wu ◽  
Changjie Cai ◽  
Javier Gil ◽  
Elizabeth Jantz ◽  
Yacoub Al Sakka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Particle Number ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Particle Sizer ◽  
Group B ◽  
Scanning Electron

Titanium particles embedded on peri-implant tissues are associated with a variety of detrimental effects. Given that the characteristics of these detached fragments (size, concentration, etc.) dictate the potential cytotoxicity and biological repercussions exerted, it is of paramount importance to investigate the properties of these debris. This study compares the characteristics of particles released among different implant systems (Group A: Straumann, Group B: BioHorizons and Group C: Zimmer) during implantoplasty. A novel experimental system was utilized for measuring and collecting particles generated from implantoplasty. A scanning mobility particle sizer, aerodynamic particle sizer, nano micro-orifice uniform deposit impactor, and scanning electron microscope were used to collect and analyze the particles by size. The chemical composition of the particles was analyzed by highly sensitive microanalysis, microstructures by scanning electron microscope and the mechanical properties by nanoindentation equipment. Particles released by implantoplasty showed bimodal size distributions, with the majority of particles in the ultrafine size range (<100 nm) for all groups. Statistical analysis indicated a significant difference among all implant systems in terms of the particle number size distribution (p < 0.0001), with the highest concentration in Group B and lowest in Group C, in both fine and ultrafine modes. Significant differences among all groups (p < 0.0001) were also observed for the other two metrics, with the highest concentration of particle mass and surface area in Group B and lowest in Group C, in both fine and ultrafine modes. For coarse particles (>1 µm), no significant difference was detected among groups in terms of particle number or mass, but a significantly smaller surface area was found in Group A as compared to Group B (p = 0.02) and Group C (p = 0.005). The 1 first minute of procedures had a higher number concentration compared to the second and third minutes. SEM-EDS analysis showed different morphologies for various implant systems. These results can be explained by the differences in the chemical composition and microstructures of the different dental implants. Group B is softer than Groups A and C due to the laser treatment in the neck producing an increase of the grain size. The hardest implants were those of Group C due to the cold-strained titanium alloy, and consequently they displayed lower release than Groups A and B. Implantoplasty was associated with debris particle release, with the majority of particles at nanometric dimensions. BioHorizons implants released more particles compared to Straumann and Zimmer. Due to the widespread use of implantoplasty, it is of key importance to understand the characteristics of the generated debris. This is the first study to detect, quantify and analyze the debris/particles released from dental implants during implantoplasty including the full range of particle sizes, including both micro- and nano-scales.

scholarly journals Differences in the Effect of Using Sterile Water for Irrigation and Normal Saline Washing to Peritoneal Adhesion Post-Laparotomy on White Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Octaviani Octaviani ◽  
Agus Rahardjo ◽  
Untung Alifianto ◽  
Setya Anton
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Sterile Water ◽  
Peritoneal Adhesion ◽  
Peritoneal Adhesions ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Group A ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Group B

BACKGROUND: Peritoneal adhesion is a side effect of abdominal surgery that often occurs. Many efforts were made in abdominal surgery to prevent or minimize the occurrence of this adhesion. One way to reduce the risk of bowel adhesions is through washing peritoneum method, so the differences in the use of washing solution on the incidence of adhesions after laparotomy surgery need to be investigated. The objective of this study is to determine differences in the effect of using sterile water and normal saline for washing irrigation to peritoneal adhesions after laparotomy in white rats.METHODS: This was an experimental study. Thirty-two sample of white rats were divided into two groups, group A and Group B, each group consists of 16 rats. Group A got washing using normal saline and group B got washing using sterile water for irrigation in laparotomy procedure to assess the peritoneal adhesion microscopically after relaparotomy. RESULTS: This study was conducted in April-May 2016. The founding of peritoneal adhesion after laparotomy in white rats using sterile water for irrigation in grade 1 were seven samples, grade 2 were five samples and grade 3 were four samples. Meanwhile, the founding of peritoneum adhesion after laparotomy using normal saline grade 1 are two samples, grade 2 are five samples, and grade 3 are nine samples. Statistically, significant differences were found (p<0.05).CONCLUSION: Some risk factors can lead to adhesion, such as trauma surgery, tissue ischemia, infection blood and foreign body irritating. Intraperitoneal irrigation with sterile water for irrigation is better than the use of normal saline in preventing peritoneal adhesion.KEYWORDS: peritoneal adhesions, sterile water for irrigation, normal saline

scholarly journals Brazilian Propolis: Correlation between Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Salomão ◽  
Paulo Roberto S. Pereira ◽  
Leila C. Campos ◽  
Cintia M. Borba ◽  
Pedro H. Cabello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Paracoccidioides Brasiliensis ◽  
Sporothrix Schenckii ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
Dicaffeoylquinic Acid ◽  
Group A ◽  
Brazilian Propolis ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Group B ◽  
Hydroxycinnamic Acid Derivative

The chemical composition of ethanol extracts from samples of Brazilian propolis (EEPs) determined by HPLC and their activity againstTrypanosoma cruzi,Staphylococcus aureus,Streptococcus pneumoniae,Klebisiella pneumoniae,Candida albicans,Sporothrix schenckiiandParacoccidioides brasiliensiswere determined. Based on the predominant botanical origin in the region of samples' collection, the 10 extracts were separated into three groups: A (B. dracunculifolia+Auraucariaspp), B (B. dracunculifolia) and C (Araucariaspp). Analysis by the multiple regression of all the extracts together showed a positive correlation, higher concentrations leading to higher biological effect, ofS. aureuswithp-coumaric acid (PCUM) and 3-(4-hydroxy-3-(oxo-butenyl)-phenylacrylic acid (DHCA1) and of trypomastigotes ofT. cruziwith 3,5-diprenyl-4-hydroxycinnamic acid derivative 4 (DHCA4) and 2,2-dimethyl-6-carboxyethenyl-2H-1-benzopyran (DCBEN). When the same approach was employed for each group, due to the small number of observations, the statistical test gave unreliable results. However, an overall analysis revealed for group A an association ofS. aureuswith caffeic acid (CAF) and dicaffeoylquinic acid 3 (CAFQ3), ofS. pneumoniaewith CAFQ3 and monocaffeoylquinic acid 2 (CAFQ2) and ofT. cruzialso with CAFQ3. For group B, a higher activity againstS. pneumoniaewas associated DCBEN and forT. cruziwith CAF. For group C no association was observed between the anitmicrobial effect and any component of the extracts. The present study reinforces the relevance of PCUM and derivatives, especially prenylated ones and also of caffeolyquinic acids, on the biological activity of Brazilian propolis.

scholarly journals Detection of nongroup A rotaviruses in faecal samples of pigs in the Czech Republic

2009 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 12-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Smitalova ◽  
L. Rodak ◽  
B. Smid ◽  
I. Psikal
Keyword(s):  
Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence Identity ◽  
Sequence Identity ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Group A Rotaviruses ◽  
Group A ◽  
Cowden Strain ◽  
Group B

Besides group A rotaviruses, group B and C rotaviruses have been detected as the cause of diarrheal diseases in pigs. Of a set of 329 faecal samples from pigs, 16 samples were selected in which rotavirus was detected by electron microscopy and at the same time group A rotavirus was excluded by ELISA method. Rotaviruses were assayed using specific primers for detection of group B and C rotaviruses, and RT-PCR and semi-nested PCR methods. In one sample, no rotavirus of group B or C was detected; in the remaining 15 samples rotavirus group C was detected, in two samples together with group B rotavirus. Sequencing of the obtained PCR products and comparison with corresponding gene sequences revealed 80% nucleotide sequence identity between group B rotaviruses and available sequences of porcine isolates. A nucleotide sequence identity of 92% was obtained in group C rotaviruses as compared with the Cowden strain.

An ultrastructural study of sertoli cells in two geographically isolated populations of Aphanius dispar

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 548-549
Author(s):  
Taber A. Ba-Omar ◽  
Philip F. Prentis
Keyword(s):  
Ultrastructural Level ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Freshwater Teleost ◽  
Isolated Populations ◽  
En Bloc ◽  
The North ◽  
Group A ◽  
Ultrathin Sections ◽  
Group B ◽  
Geographically Isolated

We have recently carried out a study of spermiogenic differentiation in two geographically isolated populations of Aphanius dispar (freshwater teleost), with a view to ascertaining variation at the ultrastructural level. The sampling areas were the Jebel Al Akhdar in the north (Group A) and the Dhofar region (Group B) in the south. Specimens from each group were collected, the testes removed, fixed in Karnovsky solution, post fixed in OsO, en bloc stained with uranyl acetate and then routinely processed to Agar 100 resin, semi and ultrathin sections were prepared for study.

Comparison of one-year prognosis of patients classified as chronic critical lower limb ischaemia according to TASC II or European consensus definition in the COPART cohort

VASA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 0220-0228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Vircoulon ◽  
Carine Boulon ◽  
Ileana Desormais ◽  
Philippe Lacroix ◽  
Victor Aboyans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Critical Limb Ischaemia ◽  
Limb Ischaemia ◽  
Medical Group ◽  
Consensus Definition ◽  
Transcutaneous Oxygen ◽  
European Consensus ◽  
Group A ◽  
One Year ◽  
Group B

Background: We compared one-year amputation and survival rates in patients fulfilling 1991 European consensus critical limb ischaemia (CLI) definition to those clas, sified as CLI by TASC II but not European consensus (EC) definition. Patients and methods: Patients were selected from the COPART cohort of hospitalized patients with peripheral occlusive arterial disease suffering from lower extremity rest pain or ulcer and who completed one-year follow-up. Ankle and toe systolic pressures and transcutaneous oxygen pressure were measured. The patients were classified into two groups: those who could benefit from revascularization and those who could not (medical group). Within these groups, patients were separated into those who had CLI according to the European consensus definition (EC + TASC II: group A if revascularization, group C if medical treatment) and those who had no CLI by the European definition but who had CLI according to the TASC II definition (TASC: group B if revascularization and D if medical treatment). Results: 471 patients were included in the study (236 in the surgical group, 235 in the medical group). There was no difference according to the CLI definition for survival or cardiovascular event-free survival. However, major amputations were more frequent in group A than in group B (25 vs 12 %, p = 0.046) and in group C than in group D (38 vs 20 %, p = 0.004). Conclusions: Major amputation is twice as frequent in patients with CLI according to the historical European consensus definition than in those classified to the TASC II definition but not the EC. Caution is required when comparing results of recent series to historical controls. The TASC II definition of CLI is too wide to compare patients from clinical trials so we suggest separating these patients into two different stages: permanent (TASC II but not EC definition) and critical ischaemia (TASC II and EC definition).

Absorbable suture material in carotid surgery

VASA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 451-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Gasbarro ◽  
Luca Traina ◽  
Francesco Mascoli ◽  
Vincenzo Coscia ◽  
Gianluca Buffone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suture Material ◽  
Absorbable Suture ◽  
Paediatric Surgery ◽  
Carotid Surgery ◽  
Suture Materials ◽  
Absorbable Suture Material ◽  
Absorbable Sutures ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Abstract. Background: Absorbable sutures are not generally accepted by most vascular surgeons for the fear of breakage of the suture line and the risk of aneurysmal formation, except in cases of paediatric surgery or in case of infections. Aim of this study is to provide evidence of safety and efficacy of the use of absorbable suture materials in carotid surgery. Patients and methods: In an 11 year period, 1126 patients (659 male [58.5 %], 467 female [41.5 %], median age 72) underwent carotid endarterectomy for carotid stenosis by either conventional with primary closure (cCEA) or eversion (eCEA) techniques. Patients were randomised into two groups according to the type of suture material used. In Group A, absorbable suture material (polyglycolic acid) was used and in Group B non-absorbable suture material (polypropylene) was used. Primary end-point was to compare severe restenosis and aneurysmal formation rates between the two groups of patients. For statistical analysis only cases with a minimum period of follow-up of 12 months were considered. Results: A total of 868 surgical procedures were considered for data analysis. Median follow-up was 6 years (range 1-10 years). The rate of postoperative complications was better for group A for both cCEA and eCEA procedures: 3.5 % and 2.0 % for group A, respectively, and 11.8 % and 12.9 % for group B, respectively. Conclusions: In carotid surgery, the use of absorbable suture material seems to be safe and effective and with a general lower complications rate compared to the use of non-absorbable materials.

Randomized trial of medical compression stockings versus two-layer short-stretch bandaging in the management of venous leg ulcers

Phlebologie ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (04) ◽  
pp. 157-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Franek ◽  
L. Brzezinska-Wcislo ◽  
E. Blaszczak ◽  
A. Polak ◽  
J. Taradaj
Keyword(s):  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Therapy Group ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Leg Ulcers ◽  
Compression Stockings ◽  
Venous Leg Ulcers ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Medical Compression Stockings

SummaryA prospective randomized clinical trial was undertaken to compare a medical compression stockings with two-layer short-stretch bandaging in the management of venous leg ulcers. Study endpoints were number of completely healed wounds and the clinical parameters predicting the outcome. Patients, methods: Eighty patients with venous leg ulcers were included in this study, and ultimately allocated into two comparative groups. Group A consisted of 40 patients (25 women, 15 men). They were treated with the compression stockings (25–32 mmHg) and drug therapy. Group B consisted of 40 patients (22 women, 18 men). They were treated with the short-stretch bandages (30–40 mmHg) and drug therapy, administered identically as in group A. Results: Within two months the 15/40 (37.50%) patients in group A and 5/40 (12.50%) in group B were healed completely (p = 0.01). For patients with isolated superficial reflux, the healing rates at two months were 45.45% (10/22 healed) in group A and 18.18% (4/22 healed) in group B (p = 0.01). For patients with superficial plus deep reflux, the healing rates were 27.77% (5/18 healed) in group A and 5.55% (1/18 healed) in group B (p = 0.002). Comparison of relative change of the total surface area (61.55% in group A vs. 23.66% in group B), length (41.67% in group A vs. 27.99% in group B), width (46.16% in group A vs. 29.33% in group B), and volume (82.03% in group A vs. 40.01% in group B) demonstrated difference (p = 0.002 in all comparisons) in favour of group A. Conclusion: The medical compression stockings are extremely useful therapy in enhancement of venous leg ulcer healing (both for patients with superficial and for patients who had superficial plus deep reflux). Bandages are less effective (especially for patients with superficial plus deep reflux, where the efficiency compared to the stockings of applied compression appeared dramatically low). These findings require confirmation in other randomized clinical trials with long term results.

Hypercoagulable State in the Watanabe Heritable Hyperlipidemic Rabbit, an Animal Model for the Progression of Atherosclerosis

1989 ◽  
Vol 61 (01) ◽  
pp. 140-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshitaka Mori ◽  
Hideo Wada ◽  
Yutaka Nagano ◽  
Katsumi Deguch ◽  
Toru Kita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin K ◽  
Fibrinogen Level ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clotting Factor ◽  
Clotting Factors ◽  
Group A ◽  
Hyperlipidemic Rabbit ◽  
Group B ◽  
Progression Of Atherosclerosis

SummaryBlood coagulation in a strain of rabbits designated as Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic (WHHL) rabbits was examined. The activities of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors, contact factors and clotting factor VIII (F VIII) and the fibrinogen level were significantly higher in WHHL rabbits than in normolipidemic rabbits (all age groups). Values for vitamin Independent clotting factor were already higher at 2 months of age. Contact factors and fibrinogen levels increased age after 5 to 8 months. F VIII increased between 5 and 8 months and then decreased. At 2 months of age, WHHL rabbits were divided into two groups. Group A was fed standard rabbit chow and group B standard rabbit chow containing 1% probucol. Probucol prevented the progression of atherosclerosis in group B in the absence of a significant reduction in plasma cholesterol level. F VIII and fibrinogen levels were statistically decreased in all rabbits at all ages in group B (P<0.05). These differences in clotting factors between the two groups were most obvious at 8 months (P<0.02).We conclude that vitamin K-dependent clotting factors may increase with hyperlipemia and that increases in F VIII and fibrinogen may be closely related to the progression of throm- boatherosclerosis.

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