Do Multiple Stroke-Related Educational Opportunities Enhance Stroke Knowledge among Students Enrolled in Communication Sciences and Disorders Programs?

Purpose: Stroke education modules have been added to medical school curriculums to improve stroke knowledge in graduate physicians, and this has resulted in positive outcomes. These findings suggest that similar strategies may be successful in graduate programs such as Communication Sciences and Disorders (CSD). The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of multiple stroke-related education opportunities on students enrolled in CSD programs. Methods: Seventy-six first and second year students enrolled in a Communication Sciences and Disorders program completed a survey of stroke risk factors and early warning signs of stroke. Results: Risk factor knowledge - 97% identified smoking as a risk factor; 61% identified diabetes; 90% identified high cholesterol; 84% identified age, and 90% identified physical inactivity. Students varied in their recognition of diabetes as a stroke risk factor based on their level of instruction. Early warning signs and first response knowledge - 83% recognized sudden confusion or trouble speaking; 100% recognized sudden facial, arm or leg weakness; 83% recognized sudden vision loss; 76% recognized sudden trouble walking; and 75% recognized sudden headache as early warning signs of stroke. Seventy-nine percent recognized calling 9-1-1 as the appropriate first action. Students varied in their recognition of sudden trouble walking and severe headache as an early warning sign of stroke based on their level of instruction. Conclusions: Most students recognized individual stroke risk factors and early warning signs, but few recognized multiple risk factors and warning signs. Multiple education opportunities appear to enhance student recognition of risk factors and warning signs.

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Abstract TP203: Reducing Stroke Burden in Uganda

Stroke ◽

10.1161/str.48.suppl_1.tp203 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 48 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Mark Kaddumukasa ◽

Jane Nakibuuka ◽

James Kayima ◽

Elly Katabira ◽

Carol Blixen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Stroke Risk ◽

Growth Patterns ◽

Warning Signs ◽

Clear Understanding ◽

Stroke Risk Factor ◽

Stroke Risk Factors ◽

Study Participants ◽

Stroke Knowledge

Background: Stroke is a neurological condition with rapidly increasing burden in many low- and middle-income countries. Africa is particularly hard-hit due to rapid population growth, patterns of industrialization, adoption of harmful western diets, and increased prevalence of risk factors such as hypertension and obesity. Reducing stroke risk factors and teaching people to respond to stroke warning signs can prevent stroke and reduce burden. However, being able to address gaps in knowledge and improving both preventative and early-response care requires a clear understanding of practical and potentially modifiable topics. Methods: A cross sectional survey was conducted in urban Mukono district in central Uganda. Through a systematic sampling method, data were gathered from 440 adult participants who were interviewed about selected aspects of stroke knowledge, attitudes and perception, using a pretested structured questionnaire. Results: Of the 440 study participants enrolled for this study nearly 52% correctly reported that stroke involves the brain, while 57% reported that stroke is preventable. Majority of the participants 75.7% reported stress as a contributing factor. Only 45.7% of the study participants reported hypertension as a risk factor. Only two (0.5%) study participants identified cigarette smoking as a stroke risk factor. Of the eighty six study participants with hypertension only 39.5% knew hypertension as a risk factor and only 10.7% knew three or more stroke risk factors. Conclusion: Stroke knowledge is poor in urban Uganda. Individuals with hypertension had poor knowledge regarding stroke in spite their high risk for stroke. Stress and hypertension are the leading perceived risk factors in our settings. While stress is highly reported as a stroke risk factor in this study hypertension is likely a more amenable and practical intervention target.

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Knowledge and Perception of Stroke: A Population-Based Survey in Uganda

ISRN Stroke ◽

10.1155/2014/309106 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Jane Nakibuuka ◽

Martha Sajatovic ◽

Elly Katabira ◽

Edward Ddumba ◽

Jayne Byakika-Tusiime ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Population Survey ◽

Stroke Risk ◽

Large Population ◽

Population Based ◽

Traditional Healers ◽

Warning Signs ◽

Stroke Event ◽

Stroke Risk Factors ◽

Stroke Knowledge

Purpose. This study, designed to complement a large population survey on prevalence of stroke risk factors, assessed knowledge and perception of stroke and associated factors. Methods. A population survey was conducted in urban Nansana and rural Busukuma, Wakiso district, central Uganda. Adult participants selected by multistage stratified sampling were interviewed about selected aspects of stroke knowledge and perception in a pretested structured questionnaire. Results. There were 1616 participants (71.8% urban; 68.4% female; mean age: 39.6 years ± 15.3). Nearly 3/4 did not know any stroke risk factors and warning signs or recognize the brain as the organ affected. Going to hospital (85.2%) was their most preferred response to a stroke event. Visiting herbalists/traditional healers was preferred by less than 1%. At multivariable logistic regression, good knowledge of stroke warning signs and risk factors was associated with tertiary level of education (OR 4.29, 95% CI 2.13–8.62 and OR 5.96, 95% CI 2.94–12.06), resp.) and self-reported diabetes (OR 1.97, 95% CI 1.18–3.32 and OR 1.84, 95% CI 1.04–3.25), resp.). Conclusion. Knowledge about stroke in Uganda is poor although the planned response to a stroke event was adequate. Educational strategies to increase stroke knowledge are urgently needed as a prelude to developing preventive programmes.

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A Pharmacist-Led Stroke Education and Screening Program for Community-Dwelling Older Adults

The Senior Care Pharmacist ◽

10.4140/tcp.n.2019.127 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 34 (2) ◽

pp. 127-142

Author(s):

Marketa Marvanova ◽

Paul Jacob Henkel

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Health Status ◽

Stroke Prevention ◽

Stroke Risk ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Warning Signs ◽

Secondary Stroke Prevention ◽

Stroke Risk Factors ◽

Stroke Knowledge ◽

Study Questionnaire

OBJECTIVES: To deliver a pharmacist-led education and screening for community-dwelling residents, assess the effect of this initiative on knowledge of stroke risk factors and warning signs, and evaluate the stroke-knowledge and risk-assessment questionnaire as a tool to identify stroke-related health status and identify need(s) for specific clinical intervention(s) to decrease risk. DESIGN: The 70-minute-long event comprised: brief introduction/informed consent, baseline assessment of stroke knowledge, completion of study questionnaire, single blood pressure and heart rate readings, presentation, question-and-answer session, postsurvey questionnaire items. SETTING: Four faith-based institutions in the Midwest. PARTICIPANTS: Independent community-dwelling adults 18 years of age and older (N = 97), 89.7% 60 years of age and older. INTERVENTIONS: Thirty-minute presentation followed by question-and-answer session on ischemic stroke. Screening for primary and secondary stroke-prevention status using study questionnaire and vital signs. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Stroke knowledge regarding modifiable stroke-risk factors and acute stroke-warning signs, individual primary/secondary stroke-prevention status. RESULTS: Postintervention, mean number of modifiable stroke risk factors (2.6 ± 0.8) and warning signs (2.6 ± 0.8) named improved from preintervention (P < 0.001) including for most subgroups (i.e., self-reported hypertension, atrial fibrillation [AF], or high number of personal risk factors). Needs for improved primary/secondary prevention were identified for blood-measure control and antilipidemic therapy. No disparity was observed regarding thrombotic therapy in participants with AF. CONCLUSION: The program was resource-efficient, involved student pharmacists, improved immediate stroke-related knowledge of participants including those with increased risk(s) of stroke, and demonstrated value for evaluating stroke-related health status and identifying need for primary and secondary stroke prevention.

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An Examination of Stroke-Related Knowledge in Male Stroke Survivors Living in the South Carolina Stroke Belt

American Journal of Men s Health ◽

10.1177/1557988314531038 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 532-537 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Charles Ellis

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Racial Differences ◽

Stroke Prevention ◽

Stroke Risk ◽

Stroke Survivors ◽

Stroke Risk Factor ◽

Stroke Risk Factors ◽

Stroke Knowledge

Racial differences have been observed in stroke-related knowledge and knowledge of specific stroke risk factors and stroke prevention practices. Using data from 134 male stroke survivors, racial differences in overall knowledge, risk factor knowledge, and stroke prevention practices were examined using the Stroke Knowledge Test. Knowledge that diabetes doubles ones risk of stroke was present in 48% of the participants, while knowledge of aspirin in the prevention of stroke by stopping blood clot formation was reported in 83% of the participants. Findings indicate participants were knowledgeable that obesity increased risk of stroke (71%) and high blood pressure was the most important stroke risk factor (70%). Participants indicated knowledge that diet, exercise, and controlling blood pressure and cholesterol reduces risk of stroke (86%). In regression models, there were no significant race differences in overall stroke knowledge or the odds of knowledge of information related to stroke risk factors and stroke prevention practices after adjusting for age, education, and marital status. Although stroke-related knowledge did not differ by race, stroke survivors exhibited gaps in stroke knowledge particularly of knowledge of common risk factors. These factors should be considered in approaches to improve stroke-related knowledge in all stroke survivors.

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Public health campaigns and their effect on stroke knowledge in a high-risk urban population: A five-year study

Vascular ◽

10.1177/1708538117691879 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 25 (5) ◽

pp. 497-503 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Maged M Metias ◽

Naomi Eisenberg ◽

Michael D Clemente ◽

Elizabeth M Wooster ◽

Andrew D Dueck ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Risk Factor ◽

High Risk ◽

Stroke Risk ◽

High Risk Population ◽

Stroke Risk Factor ◽

Stroke Risk Factors ◽

Awareness Campaigns ◽

Stroke Symptom ◽

Stroke Knowledge

Background The level of knowledge of stroke risk factors and stroke symptoms within a population may determine their ability to recognize and ultimately react to a stroke. Independent agencies have addressed this through extensive awareness campaigns. The aim of this study was to determine the change in baseline knowledge of stroke risk factors, symptoms, and source of stroke knowledge in a high-risk Toronto population between 2010 and 2015. Methods Questionnaires were distributed to adults presenting to cardiovascular clinics at the University of Toronto in Toronto, Canada. In 2010 and 2015, a total of 207 and 818 individuals, respectively, participated in the study. Participants were identified as stroke literate if they identified (1) at least one stroke risk factor and (2) at least one stroke symptom. Results A total of 198 (95.6%) and 791 (96.7%) participants, respectively, completed the questionnaire in 2010 and 2015. The most frequently identified risk factors for stroke in 2010 and 2015 were, respectively, smoking (58.1%) and hypertension (49.0%). The most common stroke symptom identified was trouble speaking (56.6%) in 2010 and weakness, numbness or paralysis (67.1%) in 2015. Approximately equal percentages of respondents were able to identify ≥1 risk factor (80.3% vs. 83.1%, p = 0.34) and ≥1 symptom (90.9% vs. 88.7%, p = 0.38). Overall, the proportion of respondents who were able to correctly list ≥1 stroke risk factors and stroke symptoms was similar in both groups.(76.8% vs. 75.5%, p = 0.70). The most commonly reported stroke information resource was television (61.1% vs. 67.6%, p = 0.09). Conclusion Stroke literacy has remained stable in this selected high-risk population despite large investments in public campaigns over recent years. However, the baseline remains high over the study period. Evaluation of previous campaigns and development of targeted advertisements using more commonly used media sources offer opportunities to enhance education.

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Abstract TP172: Analysis of Stroke Risk and Risk Factor Awareness in Samoa

Stroke ◽

10.1161/str.44.suppl_1.atp172 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 44 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Lydia A Trupe ◽

Viali Lameko

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

At Risk ◽

Risk Factor ◽

High Risk ◽

Stroke Risk ◽

Warning Signs ◽

Low Risk ◽

Hospital Inpatient ◽

Stroke Risk Factors ◽

The Impact

Background: The prevalence of stroke in Samoa is extremely high due to high rates of risk factors such as obesity, hypertension, and diabetes. Stroke remains the leading cause of death in Samoa. We hypothesized that poor knowledge of stroke risk factors and warning signs contributes to high stroke prevalence in Samoa, such that widespread dissemination of information might induce lifestyle changes (e.g. diet and exercise) and cause more people to seek treatment for stroke. Methods: We enrolled a series of English-speaking Samoan adults age 25- 65 (mean=45) on the Tupua Tamasese Meaole Hospital inpatient service from January to April, 2012. Because they were inpatients, they tended to be at a higher stroke risk than the general population. Detailed interviews were conducted regarding knowledge of stroke risk factors and warning signs and assessment of personal stroke risk. Participants’ cerebrovascular risk was categorized as high, moderate or low based on their risk factors. Participants were informed of their stroke risk, ways to reduce stroke risk, warning signs and what to do in the event of stroke. Results: Of 19 adults interviewed, 8 were categorized as “high risk”, 3 as “moderate risk” and 8 as “low risk.” Participants were able to name a mean of 0.74 risk factors for stroke and mean of 1.2 warning signs. 21% incorrectly named stress as a common risk factor. The most common risk factors correctly named were obesity/unhealthy diet (23.8%) and diabetes (15.8%). There was no association between stroke risk classification and participant’s belief that they were at risk of stroke (chi square=1.6; ns); 50% of high-risk participants and 25% of low risk patients believed they were at risk of having a stroke. High-risk participants, compared to low-risk participants, had a slightly higher knowledge of both stroke risk factors (mean=1 vs. 0.25) and warning signs (2 vs. 0.63). Conclusion: In Samoa, knowledge of stroke risk factors and warning signs is very low. It is likely that many Samoans receive health information after developing medical conditions; thus, high-risk individuals tend to have slightly higher knowledge. We aim to conduct a larger study with follow-up interviews to determine the impact of education.

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947. Stroke demographics and risk factor profile in HIV infected individuals in Florida

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.1133 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S506-S506

Author(s):

Folusakin Ayoade ◽

Dushyantha Jayaweera

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Clinical Research ◽

Stroke Risk ◽

Research Network ◽

Categorical Variables ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Risk Factor Profile ◽

Stroke Risk Factors ◽

Living With Hiv

Abstract Background The risk of ischemic stroke (IS) is known to be higher in people living with HIV (PLWH) than uninfected controls. However, information about the demographics and risk factors for hemorrhagic stroke (HS) in PLWH is scant. Specifically, very little is known about the differences in the stroke risk factors between HS and IS in PLWH. The goal of this study was to determine the demographics and risk factor differences between HS and IS in PLWH. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the demographic and clinical data of PLWH in OneFlorida (1FL) Clinical Research Consortium from October 2015 to December 2018. 1FL is a large statewide clinical research network and database which contains health information of over 15 million patients, 1240 clinical practices, and 22 hospitals. We compared HS and IS based on documented ICD 9 and 10 diagnostic codes and extracted information about sociodemographic data, traditional stroke risk factors, Charlson comorbidity scores, habits, HIV factors, diagnostic modalities and medications. Statistical significance was determined using 2-sample T-test for continuous variables and adjusted Pearson chi square for categorical variables. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) between groups were compared. Results Overall, from 1FL sample of 13986 people living with HIV, 574 subjects had strokes during the study period. The rate of any stroke was 18.2/1000 person-years (PYRS). The rate of IS was 10.8/1000 PYRS while the rate of HS was 3.7/1000 PYRS, corresponding to 25.4% HS of all strokes in the study. Table 1 summarizes the pertinent demographic and risk factors for HS and IS in PLWH in the study. Table 1: Summary of pertinent demographic and risk factors for hemorrhagic and ischemic strokes in people living with HIV from One Florida database Conclusion In this large Floridian health database, demographics and risk factor profile differs between HS and IS in PLWH. Younger age group is associated with HS than IS. However, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and coronary artery disease are more likely to contribute to IS than HS in PLWH. Further research is needed to better understand the interplay between known and yet unidentified risk factors that may be contributing to HS and IS in PLWH. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

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Abstract T P136: Potential Contributors to the Declining Impact of Stroke Risk Factors with Age: Implications for Stroke Epidemiology in the Elderly

Stroke ◽

10.1161/str.45.suppl_1.tp136 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 45 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

George Howard ◽

Mary Cushman ◽

Maciej Banach ◽

Brett M Kissela ◽

David C Goff ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Stroke Risk ◽

Multivariable Analysis ◽

The Elderly ◽

Stroke Risk Factors ◽

Age Related ◽

Increased Risk ◽

The Impact ◽

Age Related Changes

Purpose: The importance of stroke research in the elderly is increasing as America is “graying.” For most risk factors for most diseases (including stroke), the magnitude of association with incident events decreases at older ages. Potential changes in the impact of risk factors could be a “true” effect, or could be due to methodological issues such as age-related changes in residual confounding. Methods: REGARDS followed 27,748 stroke-free participants age 45 and over for an average of 5.3 years, during which 715 incident strokes occurred. The association of the “Framingham” risk factors (hypertension [HTN], diabetes, smoking, AFib, LVH and heart disease) with incident stroke risk was assessed in age strata of 45-64 (Young), 65-74 (Middle), and 75+ (Old). For those with and without an “index” risk factor (e.g., HTN), the average number of “other” risk factors was calculated. Results: With the exception of AFib, there was a monotonic decrease in the magnitude of the impact across the age strata, with HTN, diabetes, smoking and LVH even becoming non-significant in the elderly (Figure 1). However, for most factors, the increasing prevalence of other risk factors with age impacts primarily those with the index risk factor absent (Figure 2, example HTN as the “index” risk factor). Discussion: The impact of stroke risk factors substantially declined at older ages. However, this decrease is partially attributable to increases in the prevalence of other risk factors among those without the index risk factor, as there was little change in the prevalence of other risk factors in those with the index risk factor. Hence, the impact of the index risk factor is attenuated by increased risk in the comparison group. If this phenomenon is active with latent risk factors, estimates from multivariable analysis will also decrease with age. A deeper understanding of age-related changes in the impact of risk factors is needed.

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Knowledge about Cervical Cancer Early Warning Signs and Symptoms, Risk Factors and Vaccination among Students at a Medical School in Al-Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention ◽

10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.6.2529 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 15 (6) ◽

pp. 2529-2532 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Abdulaziz Ahmed Al-Darwish ◽

Abdullah Fouad Al-Naim ◽

Khalid Saleh Al-Mulhim ◽

Nasser Khaled Al-Otaibi ◽

Mohammed Saad Morsi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cervical Cancer ◽

Saudi Arabia ◽

Medical School ◽

Early Warning ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Warning Signs ◽

Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽

Early Warning Signs

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Does Socioeconomic Position Affect Knowledge of the Risk Factors and Warning Signs of Stroke in the WHO European Region? A Systematic Literature Review

10.21203/rs.3.rs-22447/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Katie Stack ◽

Wendy Robertson ◽

Clare Blackburn

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Socioeconomic Position ◽

Stroke Risk ◽

Educational Interventions ◽

Warning Signs ◽

European Region ◽

Free Text ◽

Stroke Risk Factors ◽

Mesh Terms ◽

Increasing Knowledge

Abstract Background: Strokes are one of the leading causes of death worldwide. People with a lower socioeconomic position (SEP) (i.e. with regards to education, income and occupation) are at a higher risk of having a stroke and have worse clinical outcomes compared to the general population. Good knowledge levels about stroke risk factors and warning signs are key to prolonging life and reducing health issues caused by stroke. This systematic review examined differences in knowledge of stroke risk factors and warning signs with regards to SEP in the WHO European region. Methods: MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO and CINAHL were systematically searched using appropriate Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms and free text, combining search terms with Boolean operators. Two independent reviewers selected studies in two stages (title and abstract, and full-text), and screened reference lists of included studies. Only studies in English and based in the WHO European region were included. Results: Screening identified 2,118 records. In the final review, 20 articles were included, with 67,309 study participants between them. Out of 17 studies that looked at stroke risk factors, 11 found increasing knowledge to be associated with higher SEP, four found no difference by SEP, one showed a mixed pattern and one outlier study found increasing knowledge of risk factors to be associated with a lower SEP. Out of 19 studies that looked at stroke warning signs or symptoms, 15 found there to be better knowledge of warning signs with a higher SEP, three found there to be no difference, and the same outlier study found increasing knowledge of warning signs with a lower SEP. Studies that seemed to have a higher quality rating found increasing knowledge of stroke with a higher SEP. A meta-analysis was not possible due to heterogeneity of studies. Conclusions: In the WHO European region, better knowledge of stroke risk factors and warning signs is associated with a higher SEP. Public health campaigns and educational interventions aiming to increase stroke knowledge should be targeted at people with a lower SEP.

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