scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF RESPIRATORY DISEASES ON DECREASED RATE OF WEIGHT GAIN IN PIGS

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
Radoslav Došen ◽  
Jasna Prodanov ◽  
Ivan Pušić ◽  
Igor Stojanov ◽  
Marko Maljković
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Lung Parenchyma ◽  
The Body ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Chest Cavity ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
Fattening Pigs

Respiratory diseases of swine cause great economic losses due to death of animals, compulsory slaughtering, reduced daily weight gain, higher consumption of feed per kilo comparing to gain, prolonged fattening time, higher percentage of low weight pigs in the slaughterhouse and increased costs of medical treatment. The aim of this paper was to evaluate how the diseases of respiratory tract influence on the appearance of reduced growth rate in pigs. The material for research were 73 piglets in which decreased weight gain was noticed and 224 fattening pigs that were delivered to a slaughter house on regular basis. The body mass of the piglets that showed decreased weight gain and of the fattening pigs was measured upon the arrival to the abattoir. At the slaughterhouse pathomorphological examination of respiratory tract and heart was carried out. Examining the organs of chest cavity in 65.75% of the slaughtered low weight pigs changes on lungs were discovered. The pathological process most often comprised at the same time apical, cardial and diaphragmatic lobes (42.46%). In 52% cases we discovered pleuropneumonia and pericarditis. In 14 cases (9.18%) abscesses in lung tissues were discovered. Examining chest cavity it was detected that in 54.88% fattening pigs there were changes on lungs. In 53 (21.54%) fattening pigs the changes influenced lesser than 10% on lung parenchyma, but in 26 (10.57%) fattening pigs changes on lung parenchyma occurred in more of 50%. On the bases of these results it can be concluded that the diseases of respiratory system in the fattening pigs raised on industrial farms are the dominant cause of death, but also the reason for forced slaughtering, and they considerably influence productional results and the efficiency of swine production.

Average daily weight gain of Iberian fattening pigs when grazing natural resources

2011 ◽  
Vol 137 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 292-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicente Rodríguez-Estévez ◽  
Manuel Sánchez-Rodríguez ◽  
Antón R. García ◽  
A. Gustavo Gómez-Castro
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Average Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Fattening Pigs

scholarly journals Effect of Respiratory Diseases on Body Weight Gain in Fattening Pigs

1989 ◽  
Vol 42 (11) ◽  
pp. 793-796 ◽  
Author(s):  
SATOSHI FURUKAWA ◽  
HIZURU TAKAMI ◽  
YOUKO MORI ◽  
SUSUMU NOMURA ◽  
YOSHIKI KONISHI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Fattening Pigs

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF BISOLBI ON BIOCHEMICAL AND PRODUCTIVE PROCESSES OF THE HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN CALVES

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
Galina Molyanova ◽  
Maksim Nogotkov
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Glucose Content ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Experimental Group

The purpose of the research is increasing the average daily gain of animals due to the use of the Bisolbi drug. The effect of Bisolbi preparation based on Bacillus subtilis H-13 1.5×108 (LLC «Bisolbi-Inter») on the biochemical and productive life of calves was studied. The scientific and production experiment was carried out on the basis of a dairy farm of the State «Kupinskoe» Unitary Enterprise of the Samara region involving 30 Holstein-Friesian calves. The biological effect of the drug is provided due to its adsorption properties, the ability to enhance the activity of a number of enzyme systems and increase the digestive and systemic immunity of the body. The drug use increases the integration intensity of animals: the amount of total protein in the blood serum of calves of the experimental group at 120 days of age was higher by 8.9% (p<0.05), albumin – by 9.2% (p<0.01), compared with the animal data of con-trolled group. The Bisolbi indication contributed to an increase in the intensity of carbohydrate-lipoid metabolism: the cholesterol amount was higher by 23% (p<0.01), the glucose content – by 0.4 mmol/l (p<0.05) in the blood of 120 day old calves of the experimental group, compared with the data of controlled animals. It was found that the body weight of calves in the control group of 100 days age was 105.23±2.11 kg, in the experimental group – 108.6±2.19 kg, which is 3.37 kg higher. The average daily weight gain of animals in experimental group was signif-icantly higher by 0.075 kg (p<0.01). At 120 days of age, the body weight of the experimental calves was higher by 4.19 kg (p<0.05), the average daily weight gain by 0.080 kg (p<0.05), compared with the data of the controlled ani-mals. The indication of Bisolbi 5-10 ml (LLC «Bisolbi-Inter») to calves daily for 2 months resulted in an additional profit constructively of 137 rubles from each head.

scholarly journals Laboratory study to determine the effect of a probiotic mixture on chicken-broiler

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 107-123
Author(s):  
Ivan Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative Organisms ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Experimental Group

The experiment was performed in two groups of broiler chickens. The birds from the experimental group were treated with the combination of 3% lactic bacteria. 1% baker's yeasts and 0.7% citric acid, added to food. It was found out that the treatment resulted in shifting the microbial balance in avian gastrointestinal tract in favour of Gram-positive bacteria (77-80%) while in control birds Gram negative organisms prevailed (90%). Both the volume and the weight of viscera of experimental chickens, obtained following slaughtering was by 20-60% higher compared to controls. Furthermore, 75% of treated birds reached a slaughtering weight (1800 g) for 42 days with an average daily weight gain of 57 g and expenditure of 2.3 kg fodder per 1 kg weight gain, whereas the body weight of control birds was by 26.5% lower than the standard one, the fodder expenditure was 3.1 kg per 1 kg weight gain and the average daily gain was 42 g. The mortality in controls was 13% while in treated birds there were no lethal cases. The price of one kilogramme body weight in experimental birds was by 0.15 $ lower compared to controls.

85 PREGNANCIES AND VIABILITY OF THE OFFSPRING AFTER TRANSFER OF HANDMADE CLONED PORCINE EMBRYOS

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 160
Author(s):  
M. Schmidt ◽  
I. B. Bøgh ◽  
Y. Du ◽  
Y. Zhang ◽  
J. Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Uterine Horn ◽  
The Body ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
High Birth Weight ◽  
The Mean

In several species, nuclear transfer causes a high frequency of fetal loss, high birth weight, malformations, and neonatal death. This study investigates the fetal development of porcine embryos produced by handmade cloning (HMC) and compares the piglets with littermates produced by traditional cloning (TC). HMC embryos were produced from one fetal cell line, LYxD (Landrace/Yorkshire x Duroc) and TC from another (LYDxLYD). For transfer, 11 sows were weaned, and at cycle stage Day 4 after heat, they were anesthetized in lateral recumbence. Through an abdominal incision 40–60 Days 5–7 embryos (69% HMC + 31% TC) were transferred to the upper uterine horn. The tip of the uterine horn was punctured with a blunt 18G needle and a temporary catheter introduced to absorb the blood before inserting an insemination catheter (J-IUIC-351341 Insemi-Cath; Cook Ireland Ltd., Limerick, Ireland) 5–6 cm into the horn and releasing the embryos. Pregnancy was examined by ultrasonography every second week to Day 100. Caesarian sections were performed at Day 115, 24 h after injection of PGF2 (175 �g Estrumate�; Pitman-Moore Ltd., Harefield, UK). The piglets were fed with 15 mL kg-1/3 h colostrum through a stomach tube for the first 12–24 h, until they were left with their dam. Body weight, blood values (oxygen tension, and glucose and hemoglobin concentrations), and body temperature were recorded at birth, 24 h, and 3 weeks of age. The data were analyzed by Fisher's Exact test and are given as LS means � SEM values with a significance level of P &lt; 0.05. The pregnancy rate was 6/11 (55%), with 2 pregnancies developing to term, 2 ongoing (Day 100 and Day 60), and 2 lost (about Day 35). So far, the litter sizes were 3 (1 TC, 2 HMC) and 10 (2 TC, 8 HMC) live piglets, respectively. The mean birth weight of the TC offspring (1045 � 135 g) was lower than that of the HMC piglets (1614 � 177 g) and that of normal piglets on the farm (1520 � 240 g; P &lt; 0.05). One of the HMC piglets of the first litter was rather oversized (2690 g) and another showed rigid flexure of a carpal joint. All other piglets appeared normal on gross morphology and behavior. Blood values were similar for HMC and TC piglets, but the body temperature at Day 0 (36.3 � 0.2 vs. 35.1 � 1.1�C; P &lt; 0.05) and the daily weight gain during the first week (129 � 21 vs. 74 � 13 g; P = 0.06) tended to be higher for the HMC piglets. After 24 hrs, the mean blood glucose concentration was higher in the HMC than in the TC piglets (6.09 � 0.74 vs. 3.67 � 0.19 mmol L-1) and similar to farm piglets of the same age (6.93 � 0.44 mmol L-1), but the difference was not significant after 3 weeks. These preliminary results demonstrate for the first time that HMC in pigs can result in an acceptable pregnancy rate, birth rate, and litter size. The minor differences in birth weight, weight gain, and blood glucose observed between HMC and TC offspring may be explained by the different cell lines used for the 2 methods, and are under current investigation.

Economic efficiency of the production of fatteners fed blue lupine as a replacement for GM soybean meal

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-48
Author(s):  
Marcin Sońta ◽  
Anna Rekiel ◽  
Justyna Więcek ◽  
Martyna Batorska
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Fattening Pigs ◽  
Gm Soybean

The aim of the study was to estimate the basic production parameters and economic efficiency of fattening pigs when GM soybean meal is replaced with increasing proportions of blue lupine, as a native Polish plant source of protein. The experimental material comprised 50 fatteners divided into a control group (C) and four experimental groups (E1, E2, E3 and E4), with 10 pigs per group. Basic fattening parameters, i.e. daily weight gain and feed consumption per kg of body weight gain, were very good: 1201–1272 g and 2.35–2.59 kg/kg, respectively. These parameters were slightly better in group C than in the experimental groups. Comparison of the costs incurred and revenue obtained showed that the production of fatteners was found to be unprofitable, assuming market prices for the feed materials used, including lupine seeds. The financial result was a consequence of market determinants independent of the producer. The use of unprocessed lupine seeds as a replacement for GM soybean meal in fattening pigs proved to be clearly unprofitable.

scholarly journals Evaluation of animal performance, feed intake, and economic losses in sheep experimentally infected with Trypanosoma vivax

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 1323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parmênedes Dias de Brito ◽  
Telma De Sousa Lima ◽  
Andréia Freitas de Oliveira ◽  
Débora Andrea Evangelista Façanha ◽  
Carlos Iberê Alves Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Efficiency Index ◽  
Infected Group ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
Trypanosoma Vivax ◽  
Feed Conversion

Trypanosoma vivax is a protozoan originating from the African continent, which, although it has not yet been able to complete its biological cycle in South America, due to the absence of the tsetse fly, can still cause death in ruminants. The objective of this study was to verify the effects of T. vivax on the measurements and indices in sheep that characterize animal performance, as well as on economic losses in meat animals. Twenty intact adult male sheep were used for this study, all of approximately the same ages and weights, reared in confinement, and subjected to the same management and diet, which was balanced and supplemented with adequate minerals. The animals were divided into two groups: the control group (CG) and the infected group (IG), which was inoculated intravenously with 1.3 x 105 trypomastigotes of T. vivax. Feed intake was verified daily, whereas the feed conversion (FC), feed efficiency index (FEI), and weight gain were obtained weekly. Total weight gain (TWG) was determined after 70 days post-infection. The economic loss was calculated by subtracting the value obtained (IG) from the expected value (CG), and the difference was expressed as a percentage. A randomized block design was used to isolate the effect of the initial weight. The means were compared by the Student “t” test at 5%. Of the 10 infected animals, one died from the parasitism, yielding a rate much lower than that observed in natural outbreaks. The groups presented similar feed intakes throughout the experimental period; however, the TWG of the infected group was significantly lower (50.7%) than that of the CG. Similarly, the daily weight gain (DWG), feed conversion (FC), and feed efficiency index (FEI) of the IG were significantly lower than those of the CG. In addition, the worst rates of FC and FEI coincided with parasitemia peaks and recurrences, probably due to immunological demand and tissue repair. The abdominal circumference of the infected animals was statistically lower than that of the CG, which may be directly related to fat mobilization, in addition to the possible negative effect on the digestive capacity. The economic losses due to weight alone were 24.07% and could reach 31.66% of the herd value due to animal death. Infection with T. vivax negatively affected animal performance indices, even when the animals were well nourished. Trypanosoma vivax in sheep destined for slaughter caused economic losses of 31.66% due to the decrease in performance and the death rate in the infected group.

scholarly journals Growth and wool production of sheep reared at highland of Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-163
Author(s):  
B Khanal ◽  
AKMA Kabir ◽  
BR Baral ◽  
HR Dhakal
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Substantial Improvement ◽  
The Body ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Wool Production ◽  
Total Weight Gain

Sheep farmers lived in high altitude of Nepal have limited options of supplying roughages in winter season which is resulting severe feed deficit in these periods. Quality roughages like hay and other dried cereal stalks are not sufficiently available in the areas to mitigate the feed deficit in dry harsh winter. Therefore, the study was conducted to evaluate the effects of commonly practiced feeding system on growth and wool production of sheep in winter season. The research was performed at Sheep and Goat Research farm, Jumla, Nepal which is located at 2700 meters above sea level. The animals were supplied with three different rations viz (i) adlibitum oat hay with concentrate feed @ 1% of body weight;(ii) adlibitum conventional hay with concentrate feed @1% of body weight, and (iii) grazing in moderate pasture with concentrate feed @ 1% of body weight. The differences among the treatments were found significant ((p<0.05) changes in terms of average daily weight gain and total weight gain, while wool length and wool production were not significantly different (p>0.05) among the treatments. The treatment of feeding oat hay with concentrate @ 1% of body weight had yielded highest body weight gain.  The result of the study revealed that feeding oat hay was more profitable in comparison to conventional system of grazing and feeding conventional hay. Inclusion of oat hay on the sheep diet in dry harsh winter season could make substantial improvement in the body weight gain of the sheep in the high altitude of Nepal.Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2017. 46 (3): 159-163

scholarly journals Exosomes and Exosomal miRNA in Respiratory Diseases

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamila D. Alipoor ◽  
Esmaeil Mortaz ◽  
Johan Garssen ◽  
Masoud Movassaghi ◽  
Mehdi Mirsaeidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Differential Expression ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
The Body ◽  
Pulmonary Diseases ◽  
Exosomal Mirnas ◽  
Therapeutic Tools ◽  
Exosomal Mirna

Exosomes are nanosized vesicles released from every cell in the body including those in the respiratory tract and lungs. They are found in most body fluids and contain a number of different biomolecules including proteins, lipids, and both mRNA and noncoding RNAs. Since they can release their contents, particularly miRNAs, to both neighboring and distal cells, they are considered important in cell-cell communication. Recent evidence has shown their possible importance in the pathogenesis of several pulmonary diseases. The differential expression of exosomes and of exosomal miRNAs in disease has driven their promise as biomarkers of disease enabling noninvasive clinical diagnosis in addition to their use as therapeutic tools. In this review, we summarize recent advances in this area as applicable to pulmonary diseases.

scholarly journals The Effect of Socialising Piglets During Lactation on Performance, Suckling Behaviour and Weaning Aggression: a Preliminary Field Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolina Mesarec ◽  
Urška Pačnik ◽  
Alja Mesarič ◽  
Janko Skok ◽  
Dejan Škorjanc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Initial Body Weight ◽  
Significant Drop ◽  
Preliminary Study

The post-weaning aggression among piglets is a serious problem in modern pig production which compromises animal welfare and health, as well as could cause considerable economic losses. To prevent post-weaning aggression between piglets an approach of early socialisation of piglets during lactation was tested in the present study. In the group farrowing pen (GFP) three individual farrowing pens were interconnected whereby piglets had free access to move across pens and/or cross-suckled alien sows that were still individually crated – passage between pens was released within 24h postpartum. Piglets/litters in the control group went through the conventional breeding practice (i.e. individual farrowing pen/crate). Altogether, the experiment involved 235 piglets. The preliminary results revealed that the suckling order stability differed between studied breeding technologies (group and individual). About one third of all piglets (31.3%) were found being involved (at least once) in the cross-suckling, i.e. suckling by the alien mother. Consequently, suckling stability was found generally lower in the GFP, with a significant drop after two weeks of lactation. Regarding the growth performance, piglets from GFP grew relatively, i.e. considering initial body weight, faster both during lactation and after weaning, although their daily weight gain was not significantly higher. The present preliminary study revealed early socialisation of piglets as an effective method to mitigate post-weaning aggression, as well as to improve their growth performance. However, considering mortality in lactation and disturbances in suckling stability, additional studies are needed to optimize the process of early socialisation, particularly in terms of piglets’ age when grouping of non-littermates is implemented during lactation.

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