scholarly journals UTICAJ NAČINA PRIMENE MINERALNIH ĐUBRIVA NA PRINOS KROMPIRA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marijana Dugalic ◽  
◽  
Ljiljana Boškovic Rakočevic ◽  
Vera Rajicic ◽  
Dragan Terzic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mineral Fertiliser ◽  
Agrochemical Properties ◽  
Seedbed Preparation ◽  
Methods Of Application

This study showed the effect of different methods of application of mineral fertiliser rates on the yield of two potato cultivars grown under the agroenvironmental conditions of the Radočelo Mountain massif on a luvisol exhibiting rather favourable agrophysical and some what poorer agrochemical properties. In 2018 and 2019, a trial with potato cvs. ‘Arizona’ and ‘Esmee’ was established. Planned rates of mineral fertilisers (N200, P150, K150) were applied as two treatments: treatment 1 – fertiliser rates were ploughed in during autumn, and treatment 2 – one half of the planned rates was applied during seedbed preparation and the other half in-furrow at planting. The results showed that the treatment involving the application of one half of the fertiliser rate before planting, and the other half at planting resulted in higher total yields of both potato cultivars compared with the placement of the whole rate of fertilisers during deep ploughing in autumn.

scholarly journals Translocation of the upper soil layer in multiple operations of seedbed preparation 

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. S46-S52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Novák Petr ◽  
Hůla Josef
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Edge Length ◽  
The Other ◽  
Metal Detector ◽  
Soil Particles ◽  
Limited Function ◽  
Fall Line ◽  
Seedbed Preparation ◽  
Line Direction

Translocation of tracers incorporated into the upper layer of topsoil was evaluated in the course of seedbed preparation for winter wheat. Aluminium cubes with the edge length of 16 mm were used as tracers that were placed into the soil before its tillage into furrows perpendicular to the direction of passes. After the passes of the OPALL-AGRI combined cultivator, the tracers were searched and marked using a metal detector. The translocation of tracers was evaluated during multiple passes on flatland and on the slope. During the seedbed preparation on the slope, downslope and upslope passes in a fall line direction were chosen. Results of the tracers movement measuring that simulate the soil particle translocation indicate a pronounced movement of the upper layer of topsoil during multiple downslope passes of the combined cultivator. A significant translocation was also observed after passes on flatland. A significantly smaller lengthwise translocation of tracers was found out at upslope passes. The type of translocation on flatland and upslope was quite similar, on the other hand, downslope movement was much larger. The upslope passes were found to have a very limited function with regard to the correction of the undesirable downslope movement of soil particles that occurs in the course of tillage. 

Band incorporation of fluazinam (Shirlan) into soil to control clubroot of vegetable brassica crops

2001 ◽  
Vol 41 (8) ◽  
pp. 1223 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. C. Donald ◽  
I. J. Porter ◽  
R. A. Lancaster
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
The Other ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Brassica Crops ◽  
Vegetable Brassica ◽  
Methods Of Application

Commercially suitable methods for application of fluazinam were evaluated in field trials conducted in Victoria and Western Australia. Incorporation of fluazinam into the soil in bands 23 cm wide along the transplant row (to a depth of about 15–20 cm) immediately before transplanting was the most effective method of application. Plants grown in soil treated in this way developed significantly less clubroot than when fluazinam was applied using either a spot drench (100 mL/plant) or a continuous spray over the plants immediately after transplanting. The banded soil incorporation treatment consistently increased the marketable yield of broccoli and cauliflower. In one trial, banded soil incorporation increased the marketable yield of both crops by at least 80% compared with the other commercial methods of application currently in use. The banded soil incorporation treatment was more reliable and effective in a range of soil types than the high volume drenches currently used. This method of application remained effective, significantly reducing clubroot severity, when the volume of water used to apply fluazinam was reduced by 80% from 2500 to 500 L/ha.

Long-term effects of primary cultivations on crop yields in a four-course rotation

1972 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. Allen ◽  
M. G. Barker
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Rotation Period ◽  
The Other ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Cultural Methods ◽  
Seedbed Preparation ◽  
Sugar Beet Crop

SUMMARYAn experiment is described which investigated for a period of 12 years the effects of four methods of basic cultivation – ploughing, rotary cultivating, cultivating and discing – on crop yields in a four-course rotation of winter wheat, sugar beet, spring barley followed by either potatoes (on one half of each main plot) or ley (on the other). The cultivations were carried out at two different times and each crop was grown at two levels of fertilizer.The method of cultivation had no effect on the yield of barley when weeds were controlled by chemicals but, in the absence of such control, the three deeper working methods of cultivation gave higher yields than discing towards the end of the experiment. In the case of wheat, ploughing generally led to the highest yields and rotary cultivating led to higher yields than either cultivating or discing after the ley. Discing led to relatively low yields, particularly with cultural methods of weed control at the lower level of fertility.With the sugar-beet crop, yields of sugar were higher in all rotations after ploughing than after cultivating or discing, irrespective of the method of weed control and although yields after rotary cultivating were similar to those after ploughing in the second rotation they did not consistently exceed those after cultivating or discing in the other two rotations. With discing, in the absence of chemical weed control the yields were markedly reduced in the last rotation period. Ploughing also led to the highest yields of potatoes but there were no consistent differences between the other methods and an apparent trend to lower yields after discing in the absence of chemical methods of weed control had not reached significance by the end of the experiment.It was concluded that ploughing was a more reliable method of seedbed preparation, not only with regard to consistency of performance under different conditions but also with regard to depth of working and extent of weed control.Ploughing appeared to be of particular value with the root crops used but the other methods led to satisfactory yields of the cereals grown after roots.

Preference for Color, Sweetness, and Mouthfeel of Sweet Potato in Puerto Rico

1969 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-106
Author(s):  
F. W. Martin ◽  
E. J. Rodríguez-Sosa
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
The Other ◽  
Preference Ranking ◽  
Sweet Potatoes ◽  
Cultural Affiliation ◽  
Trained Panel ◽  
Sex Attitudes ◽  
Orange Color

The color, softness, mouthfeel, and sweetness of six different sweet potato cultivars were rated by a trained panel. These sweet potatoes were then served to 52 untrained panelists who rated them for flavor and appearance. Panelists also expressed attitudes about their preference regarding color, sweetness, flavor, and mouthfeel. Preference ranking for flavor was closely related to sweetness, and for appearance to orange color. There were differences in preference according to cultural affiliation and sex. Attitudes of panelists were not related to their choice of sweet potatoes except in the case of color. There appear to be two poles of preference, one for the orange, sweet, moist, and the other for the light, less sweet, dry type of sweet potato.

scholarly journals Photoautotrophic and Photomixotrophic Micropropagation of Three Potato Cultivars

1970 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 111-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
MH Rahman ◽  
AA Alsadon
Keyword(s):  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Single Node ◽  
The Media ◽  
Free Media ◽  
Potato Plantlets ◽  
Grown Culture

The present study was aimed to compare the photoautotrophic (PAM) and photomixotrophic micropropagation (PMM) of three potato cultivars (Hermes, Rosetta and Asterix). Cultures were initiated from single node explants and established in MS basal medium with some modifications. Potato plantlets responded in sugar-free media although sugar-containing media (PMM1 and PMM2) performed better as compared to that of sugar-free (PAM1 and PAM2) media. The PMM1 produced shoot length averaging 6.25 cm with 8.08 nodes and weighing 0.24 g fresh weight of plantlet. On the other hand, PAM1 grown culture produced 4.03 cm shoot length, 8 nodes and 0.06 g of fresh weight. Shoot length and fresh weight of plantlets were significantly higher in PMM1 and PMM2 based media. Whereas the number of nodes per shoot was not significantly different on media with or without sugar (except the media PAM2). Sugar and vitamin-free media ( PAM2 ) performed inferior in all the traits. Key words: Potato, Photoautotrophic and Photomixotrophic Micropropagation.   doi: 10.3329/jbs.v15i0.2210   J. bio-sci. 15: 111-116, 2007

Evaluation of chitting to enhance earliness of potatoes grown in southern Ontario

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan W. McKeown
Keyword(s):  
Cold Storage ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
The Other ◽  
Physiological Age ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Degree Day ◽  
Lower Base ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
Rapid Accumulation

Potato cultivars Atlantic, Conestoga, Jemseg, Superior and Yukon Gold, grown for early markets and mid-season use in Ontario were evaluated for response to chitting in 1987 to 1989. Seed tubers were chitted at 8 °C commencing in January, for an average of 408, 284 or 172 degree-days (base 4 °C). Controls were stored at 4 °C. Plants emerged quicker from chitted seed and produced higher early yields than the controls. Approximately 260 degree-days of chitting was optimal for early yield of Jemseg and Superior. For maximum emergence, 318 degree-days was required for Jemseg. Commencing chitting before March did not increase yields for the other cultivars. Low degree-day requirements are likely the result of cold storage of seed prior to chitting, resulting in more rapid accumulation of degree-days and/or lower base temperatures for growth. Key words:Solarium tuberosum, cultivars, emergence, yield, physiological age

scholarly journals Assessment of Resistance of Tubers of Potato Cultivars to Phytophthora erythroseptica and Pythium ultimum

Plant Disease ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bacilio Salas ◽  
Gary A. Secor ◽  
R. J. Taylor ◽  
Neil C. Gudmestad
Keyword(s):  
Disease Management ◽  
Pythium Ultimum ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
The Other ◽  
Soilborne Diseases ◽  
Russet Norkotah ◽  
Susceptibility To Infection ◽  
Phytophthora Erythroseptica ◽  
Resistance To Infection ◽  
Cultivar Susceptibility

Tubers of 34 potato cultivars were examined for their susceptibility to infection by zoospores of Phytophthora erythroseptica and mycelia of Pythium ultimum. Incidence of infected tubers (%) and penetration of rot (mm) were the parameters used to determine the susceptibility of each cultivar. Tubers of cv. Atlantic appeared to have some resistance to infection and colonization by Phytophthora erythroseptica. Cvs. Russet Norkotah and Snowden were the most susceptible to infection by P. erythroseptica. Snowden was found to be highly susceptible to P. erythroseptica, but it was the most resistant to Pythium ultimum. Cvs. FL-1625 and FL-1867 also were less susceptible to P. ultimum than the other cultivars. Cvs. Superior, Itasca, and Dark Red Norland were the most susceptible to P. ultimum. Cultivar susceptibility should be considered when making disease management decisions, particularly in fields where these soilborne diseases are a recurring problem.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Resistance to Potato Virus Y of Cultivars in Pre-Registration (Statutory) Trials

2017 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Krystyna Michalak ◽  
Mirosława Chrzanowska
Keyword(s):  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
The Other ◽  
Extreme Resistance ◽  
Potato Viruses ◽  
Seed Tubers ◽  
Molecular Tests ◽  
A Value ◽  
Resistance Score

Abstract The paper describes testing potato cultivars for resistance to potato viruses in field and greenhouse conditions according to the scheme of the statutory trials. Seed tubers of tested cultivar are planted in the field in two replications with 30 tubers each. On both sides of each cultivar, 15 PVY-infected tubers, i.e. the source for PVY inoculation, are planted. The evaluation includes standard cultivars of known resistance levels to PVY. The progeny tubers are collected in autumn and growing-on testing is carried out in greenhouse conditions to estimate the number of plants infected with PVY. The other method is to evaluate the resistance of potato cultivars in greenhouse conditions. At present, the resistance of cultivars is evaluated only with respect to PVY, the most important potato virus. Two strains are used in the evaluation, i.e. PVYN-Wiand PVYNTN. For each testing cultivar, 10 plants are mechanically inoculated with each PVY strain. The analysis of the results makes it possible to classify the cultivars into four resistance groups on a 1-9 scale: highly resistant (with the resistance score of 8), resistant (with a value of 7), mid-resistant (with a value 5-6), and susceptible (with a value of 3-4). The ”9” rating is specified after the registration of the cultivars based on molecular tests, that validate the presence of a marker linked to extreme resistance (ER) gene Rysto.

scholarly journals Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Biofertilizers Sources in the Potato (Solanum Tuberosum) Plant show Interactions with Cultivars on Yield and Litter-bags Spectral Features

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 9-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Volpato ◽  
Giorgio Masoero ◽  
Giusto Giovannetti ◽  
Marco Nuti
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
The Other ◽  
Spectral Features ◽  
Litter Bags ◽  
Litter Bag ◽  
Substrate Induced Respiration ◽  
Chemical Inputs

Four strains of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) biofertilizer fungi, combined with two potato cultivars, were in-field tested in a four-replicate arrangement in a factorial experiment. As far as general combinability is concerned, cv. Agria was more responsive to different inocula (yield +5.56%, P 0.02) and to two strains in particular (+8%). On the other hand, the results with Innovator, a cultivar that yields 33% less than Agria, showed a significant reduction in the number of tubers for three AM strains, thus proving a clear genetic Biofertilizer * Cultivar interaction. The study of hay litter-bags has shown a high NIR spectral fingerprint for the Cultivar factor (81%), while the Inoculation factor showed a higher spectral fingerprint in Agria (76%) than in Innovator (65%). The Substrate Induced Respiration predicted from the NIR-SCiO spectra of the litter-bags was significantly increased after inoculation (+6.3%, P 0.04), but appeared lower for Agria (-5.4%) vs. Innovator (P 0.05), with a non-significant interaction. The obtained results show that the adaptation of the AM strains to the genetics of potato cultivars is a first step toward reducing chemical inputs, with consequent benefits for the environment, but without an excessive reduction in yield. The litter-bag technique can therefore be recommended for a simplified monitoring of the complicated plant-mycorrhizosphere relationship.

scholarly journals The Effects of Reduced Mineral Fertilisation Combined with the Foliar Application of Biostimulants and Fertilisers on the Nutrition of Maiden Apple Trees and the Contents of Soil Nutrients

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2438
Author(s):  
Sławomir Świerczyński ◽  
Agnieszka Antonowicz
Keyword(s):  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
The Other ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Full Dose ◽  
Mineral Fertiliser ◽  
Half Dose ◽  
Foliar Treatment ◽  
Macro And Micronutrients ◽  
Potassium Magnesium

The experiment compared the use of a dose of mineral fertilisation reduced by half in a nursery, which was replaced by foliar treatment with biostimulants and fertilisers. The control combination was a full dose of mineral fertilisation without foliar treatments. The half dose of mineral fertiliser applied into the soil decreased its acidity and salinity. At the same time, it decreased the soil content of macro- and micronutrients, except for calcium and iron. In most cases the simultaneous foliar application of the four biostimulants tested in our experiment reduced the content of macronutrients in the leaves of maiden apple trees, except for calcium. On the other hand, it increased the iron (28.2% average) and manganese (24.8% average) levels in the leaves but reduced the levels of zinc (11.8% average) and copper (25% average). The foliar application of two fertilisers increased the leaf contents of phosphorus (12% average) and calcium (9.3% average). One of the fertilisers also increased the leaf contents of potassium, magnesium, and micronutrients.

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