scholarly journals Determining the Factors Affecting Investment in Punjab Agriculture

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohit Saini
Keyword(s):  
Education Level ◽  
Family Type ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Cropping Intensity ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Credit Availability ◽  
Investment Level ◽  
Large Farm ◽  
Large Farms

Investment is the expenditure incurred for real capital formation. A sample of 150 farmers was taken with 23 (15.3%), 28 (18.7%), 46 (30.7%), 43 (28.67%) and 10 (6.7%) farmers selected from marginal, small, semi-medium, medium and large farm size categories respectively in proportion to the share of respective category in total farmers in Punjab. Income, consumption, funds available post-consumption and investment level of the respondent farmers was worked out to find the factors that affect farm investment. Information related to education level, family type, cropping pattern and credit availability was also collected to see if they affect the level of investment. Income, consumption and funds available post-consumption were higher for larger farm households. The level of investment was higher on large farms but the investment per hectare was highest on marginal farms. The availability of credit was more on larger farms but per cent share of credit in investment decreased as the farm size increased as large farmers were using owned funds extensively. The regression analysis revealed that the size of the operational holdings, saving and the credit availability showed positive relation with the level of investment while the education level, family type and cropping intensity were non-significant.

scholarly journals Estimating the Production Potential of Major Crops in Pakistan’s Irrigated Agriculture during the 21st Century

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (4II) ◽  
pp. 257-277
Author(s):  
Waqar A. Jehangir ◽  
Nazim Ali ◽  
Zakir Hussain Rana ◽  
Zulfiqar A. Gill
Keyword(s):  
Green Revolution ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Cropping Intensity ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
The One ◽  
Large Farms ◽  
The Relationship

Land and irrigation are the basic resources in agriculture. The role and importance of these resources and their contribution towards productivity, in the context of the country’s increasing population, can hardly be exaggerated. Pakistani agriculture is set in a very distinctive situation of an increasing population on the one hand and diminishing resources on the other. The population of Pakistan was reported to be 131.63 million in 1996 and is projected to be 207 million in 2013 [Pakistan (1996) and WSIP (1990)]. The agriculture sector has to face the difficult task of doubling the existing food production by the turn of this century. The situation demands horizontal and vertical growth in the productivity, either by bringing more land under cultivation, or by increasing the cropping intensity of the existing land resources. This can also be accomplished by bringing more land under cultivation from the cultivable uncultivated area (a large proportion of which exists on medium and large farms under waterlogged or saline conditions). In this context, it becomes important to identify the nature of the relationship that exists between farm size and unculturable wastelands and the kinds of changes the green revolution/SCARPs projects introduced to this relationship.

scholarly journals Pattern and Sources of Farm Investment in Agriculture of West Bengal: A Comparative Analysis Between Small and Large Farm

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnab Roy
Keyword(s):  
West Bengal ◽  
Capital Formation ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Perennial Crops ◽  
Farm Investment ◽  
Large Farm ◽  
Large Farms ◽  
Land Improvement

The analysis of the farm level investment is a complex problem, being very useful in the planning as well as in policy making process. This paper is the first to attempt a systematic comparison of investment between small and large farms in West Bengal. There has been a growing interest in recent years in the pattern of the capital formation, and sources of farm investment between different categories of farmer. The paper identifies the pattern of investment on different farm assets viz., purchase of land and land improvement, livestock, machinery, farm building, irrigation equipments and perennial crops.   Data for the study was generated through a sample survey of 90 farm households from two districts in West Bengal. The rate of capital formation increased as the farm size increased. Purchase of irrigation appliances and land were the major item of capital formation in the farms of both small and large categories. Large farms invested highest on irrigation implements (` 66,467) and least on perennial crops (` 10,700). However, magnitude of investment was different across the different categories of farm. The per hectare investment on different farm capital assets found higher in case of small farms (` 2,77,559 per ha) than large farms (` 2,77,010 per ha). On aggregate, share of investment on different items was more than three times higher than investment made by small farmers in the last twelve month on their farms.

scholarly journals Impact of Farm Mechanization on Cropping Pattern and Cropping Intensity - A Case Study from Assam, India

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinki Barman ◽  
Nivedita Deka ◽  
Pallavi Deka
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Small Farmers ◽  
Cropping Intensity ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Brahmaputra Valley ◽  
Farm Mechanization ◽  
Power Tiller

Farm mechanization is considered as important pathways of agricultural development. A farming system cannot sustain with the traditional system. The mechanization of farm is also inductive to the diversification of the cropping pattern as it enables farmer to raise a second crop or multi crop ultimately raising cropping intensity. The study was conducted in Central Brahmaputra Valley and Upper Brahmaputra Valley Zone of Assam, India. The objective of the study is to examine the effect of mechanization on cropping pattern and cropping intensity .Primary data were collected with the help of specially design pretested schedule by interview method. Thus, a sample of 240 farmers had been taken for the study. Cropping intensity was higher in case of all mechanize farm than bullock operated farm not only individual size groups but all farm size taken together. Tractor Hired Farm had the highest cropping intensity (162.21 per cent) followed by Power Tiller Hired Farm (161.49 per cent) and Tractor Operated Farm (152.00) per cent) and Power Tiller Operated Farm (154.62 per cent), respectively. In case Bullock Operated Farm  cropping intensity showed positive relationship with farm size but reverse was the in case of each  mechanized farm. Mechanized farm had higher cropping intensity which was confirmed by regression analysis that in all the categories of farm had positive significant relationship with cropping intensity but farm size and cropping intensity had highly significant inverse relationship. Cropping pattern of different categories of mechanized farms slightly shifted to high valued crops while in case of Bullock Operated Farm it was remain sali rice biased as usual. Mechanization showed an impact on increasing cropping intensities in the study area where Tractor Ownership Farm by hiring appeared to be the most important form of mechanization as it depicted a very high significant relationship with the cropping intensity in the study area. Cooperative management of farm machinery, financing of second-hand tractors for small farmers should be given for strengthening mechanization amongst the small farmers in the study area.

scholarly journals Verifying the farm size – environment interaction

2006 ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
István Fürjész
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Farm Model ◽  
The World ◽  
Farm Structure ◽  
Large Farm ◽  
Large Farms

With this study, based on experience gained in the United States of America, the author intends to draw attention to the fact that farm size related questions in Hungary, which form an integrant part of farm policies all around the world, cannot and should not be discussed without taking environmental relations into account. In the United States, where the excessive use of agrochemicals poses a great threat to the environment, many researchers claim that the conventional large farm model is now getting outdated. These experts question the social and economic benefits of a large farm oriented farm structure and try to convince researchers arriving from Middle- and Eastern-European countries to reform their thought on optimum farm structure. In their opinion, it is essential to let countries in the region understand that they are not required to follow the US course of large farms, which many experts in the States also would prefer to leave. From the facts presented in this study, it can be concluded that large farms by nature can protect the environment less efficiently than small farms. It is also pointed out that the excessive use of fertilizers, which is a trait often attributed to large farms by researchers throughout the world, do not yet apply to large farms in Hungary. As regards the use of pesticides in Hungary, the unfavorable tendency portrayed in foreign literature is identified in this analysis, according to which the larger the farm involved in field cropping the larger per hectare doses they use to protect their crops.

Significance of Experience, Farm Size, Quantity of Propagules and Location f or Seaweed Farmers in the Divided Island of Sebatik

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 825-832
Author(s):  
James M. Alin ◽  
◽  
Datu Razali Datu Eranza ◽  
Arsiah Bahron ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Production Function ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Explanatory Factors ◽  
Douglas Production Function

Seaweed-Kappaphycus-Euchema Cottonii and Denticulum species was first cultivated at Sabah side of Sebatik in 2009. By November 2014, sixty one Sabahan seaweed farmers cultivated 122 ha or 3,050 long lines. Thirty Sabahan seaweed farmers in Kampung Pendekar (3.2 m.t dried) and 31 in Burst Point (12.5 m.t dried) produced 16 metric tonnes of dried seaweed contributed 31% to Tawau’s total production (51 m.t). The remaining 69% were from farmers in Cowie Bay that separates Sebatik from municipality of Tawau. Indonesian in Desa Setabu, Sebatik started in 2008. However, the number of Indonesian seaweed farmers, their cultivated areas and production (as well as quality) in Sebatik increased many times higher and faster than the Sabah side of Sebatik. In 2009 more than 1,401 households in Kabupaten Nunukan (including Sebatik) cultivated over 700 ha and have produced 55,098.95 and 116, 73 m.t dried seaweed in 2010 and 2011 respectively. There is a divergence in productions from farming the sea off the same island under similar weather conditions. Which of the eight explanatory factors were affecting production of seaweeds in Sebatik? Using Cobb Douglas production function, Multiple Regression analysis was conducted on 100 samples (50 Sabahan and 50 Indonesian). Results; Variable significant at α = 0.05% are Experience in farming whereas Farm size; Quantity of propagules and Location — Dummy are the variables significant at α 0.01%. Not significant are variables Fuel; Age; Number of family members involved in farming and Education level.

Analisis Partisipasi Petani dalam Asuransi Pertanian

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 793
Author(s):  
Mega Nabilla Ardiana ◽  
Ivanovich Agusta
Keyword(s):  
Program Implementation ◽  
Education Level ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Agricultural Insurance ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Participation Level ◽  
Regression Test ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
Program Data

Farmers participation is crucial for succeeding in the implementation of agricultural insurance in Indonesia. The purposes of this research are analyzing farmers' form and level of participation and also identifying some factors affecting farmer’s participation in agricultural insurance. The research was conducted in Curug Bitung Village, District of Nanggung, Bogor Regency involving 40 respondents. Primary data includes farmers characteristics, farmers participation form and farmers participation level as program beneficiaries. The data were processed using multivariable linear regression test. The results showed that the intensity of communication, age, education level, income level and length of stay did not significantly affect the participation level of farmers whose majority were at the level of no participation. Non-compliance occurs during program implementation. The form of participation shown by farmers in the program is varied.Keywords:  agricultural insurance, internal and external factors, farmers' participation ABSTRAK Partisipasi petani menjadi hal yang penting dalam rangka menyukseskan penerapan asuransi pertanian di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis bentuk dan tingkat partisipasi petani dalam asuransi pertanian serta mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi partisipasi petani dalam program asuransi pertanian. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Curug Bitung, Kecamatan Nanggung, Kabupaten Bogor dengan melibatkan 40 responden. Data primer meliputi karakteristik petani, bentuk partisipasi petani dan tingkat partisipasi petani penerima program. Data diolah menggunakan uji regresi linier multivariable. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan intensitas komunikasi, usia, tingkat pendidikan, tingkat pendapatan dan lama tinggal tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap tingkat partisipasi petani yang  mayoritas berada pada tingkatan tidak ada partisipasi. Ketidaksesuaian banyak terjadi selama penyelenggaraan program. Adapun bentuk partisipasi yang ditunjukkan petani dalam program bervariasi.Kata kunci: asuransi pertanian, faktor internal-eksternal, partisipasi petani

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Adaptation to Climate Change through Agroforestry in Kenya

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 371
Author(s):  
Kevin Pello ◽  
Cedric Okinda ◽  
Aijun Liu ◽  
Tim Njagi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Agroforestry Technology ◽  
Agroforestry Technologies

The environmental effects of climate change have significantly decreased agricultural productivity. Agroforestry technologies have been applied as a solution to promote sustainable agricultural systems. This study evaluates the factors influencing the adoption of agroforestry technology in Kenya. A multistage sampling technique was employed to collect data from 239 households in West Pokot County, Kenya. A Probit model and K-means algorithm were used to analyze the factors affecting farmers’ agroforestry technology adoption decisions based on the sampled households’ socio-economic, demographic, and farm characteristics. The study found that the total yield for maize crop, farm size, extension frequency, off-farm income, access to training, access to credit, access to transport facilities, group membership, access to market, gender, distance to nearest trading center, and household education level had significant effects on the adoption of agroforestry technologies. The findings of this study are important in informing policy formulation and implementation that promotes agroforestry technologies adoption.

scholarly journals Sustainable Irrigation through Renovation of Pond: A Case Study on Change of Crop Production, Irrigation, Cropping Pattern and Cropping Intensity Level in Sub Himalayan Terai Region of India

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-18
Author(s):  
Ganesh Das ◽  
Sankar Saha ◽  
F. H. Rahman ◽  
Surajit Sarkar ◽  
Sujan Biswas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Intensity Level ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Cropping Intensity ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Sustainable Irrigation ◽  
Rainfall Region ◽  
Rural Appraisal

Terai region of West Bengal fall under high rainfall region but 90% rainfall occurs in kharif season and drought observed during rabi season.  NICRA project started in the Cooch Behar District during 2011. The project area and plan of work were selected on the basis of participatory rural appraisal method. The experimental trial was conducted from 2011 to 2019. The objective of the experiment was to development of sustainable irrigation system through renovation of pond and its impact on crop production. It was found from the study that pond renovation has potential impact on increasing crop yield, cropping intensity, copping system and area of irrigation.

scholarly journals The effect of the farm size on milk traits of cows

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 951-958 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Kucevic ◽  
S. Trivunovic ◽  
M. Radinovic ◽  
M. Plavsic ◽  
Z. Skalicki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Small Farms ◽  
Milk Traits ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Milk Performance ◽  
Fat Yield ◽  
Large Farms

Objective of this study was to analyze the effect of the dairy farm on milk traits of cows in Vojvodina. The research was carried out on small farms with 10 to 20 cows, medium farms with 20 to 50 cows, and large farms with over 50 dairy cows. The study included registered animals of Simmental (SM) and Holstein-Friesian breed (HF; including Red Holstein) in the first lactation for traits of milk yield and yield and content of milk fat. Total of 1323 first lactations were analyzed. The average milk yield (both breeds) in the first lactation of 305 days was 6295 kg of milk with 234,3 kg of milk fat and average milk fat content of 3,74%. Milk performance of cows varied significantly (CV=22,9% and SD=1447,8), as well as milk fat yield (CV=21,6% and SD=50,8). Large farms produced in average 6534 kg of milk, medium farms 6347kg and small farms 4717kg. Size of the farm exhibited significantly high effect on all observed traits, and the tendency was that farms with higher number of animals realize also higher average of production. Farm management and various breeding-zootechnical conditions present on farms had significant effect on milk performance of cows.

scholarly journals Factors affecting general or regional anesthesia preference in patients with elective surgery

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 570-574
Author(s):  
Esra Adıyeke ◽  
Levent Adıyeke
Keyword(s):  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Regional Anesthesia ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Foot Surgery ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
To Receive

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the factors that affect the preference of the anesthesia method in patients who were indicated for general or regional anesthesia. Material and Methods: A descriptive questionnaire was used to evaluate the opinions of 123 patients who were planned to undergo elective surgery in the orthopedics and traumatology outpatient clinic between January 2018 and June 2019. Results: 73 women (%59) and 50 men (%41) participated in the study. The mean age was 58.62±11 years. General anesthesia was preferred in 58% of the patients. The most common reason for rejection was that the patients who preferred general anesthesia did not want to receive visual and auditory stimuli during the surgical procedure. There was a significant positive correlation between education level and regional anesthesia preference rate. There was a significant positive correlation between the regional anesthesia preference rate of patients receiving hand and foot surgery indications. Conclusion: The preference of the majority of patients was found to be general anesthesia method. Additionally, the type of surgery and education level of the patients was found to be effective in preference of the anesthesia method.

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