scholarly journals Origins and Formation of the German Museum of Outstanding Achievements in Natural Science and Technology

2021 ◽  
pp. 179-195
Author(s):  
O. Prysiazhniuk
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Natural Science ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
The Public ◽  
Extensive Collection ◽  
Museum Staff ◽  
First Time ◽  
Technical Products

The German Museum of Outstanding Achievements in Natural Science and Technology in Munich was founded in 1903. For three years its founder electrical engineer Oskar von Miller collected an extensive collection of historical and technical exhibits, and in 1906 the museum was opened to the public. The German Museum in Munich demonstrated for the first time that not only artists, but also technicians created masterpieces, not only philosophers, but also inventors had ingenious ideas, not only medieval objects, but also modern technology is a relic. O. von Miller formulated the most important motives and goals of the museum as follows: documentation of the role of technology for the development of society and culture; the implementation of an educational function in the presentation of technology, the achievement of a national status. The didactic principles of organizing exhibitions in the museum served to popularize natural science laws, to visually demonstrate the functional application of technical inventions. The presentation of technical objects was qualitatively different from the exhibition principles of other technical museums. Demonstration of old technologies and historical machines in action was already the norm in museum work. O. von Miller set the task of the museum to explain the technology of manufacturing technical products, such as watches, fabrics, and so on, for which fragments of workshops and factories were reproduced in exhibitions. For the first time in a technical museum, in addition to the traditional chronological display of technical inventions, the principle of operation of machines and apparatus was explained by means of experiments conducted with exhibits by visitors and museum staff. This function was extremely new for the technical museum and was nevertheless carried out mainly by the public, mainly students and young people.

scholarly journals Pandangan dan Kontribusi Islam terhadap Perkembangan Sains

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Nasrul Fauzi ◽  
Ibnu Chudzaifah
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Spiritual Dimension ◽  
The Universe

Islam acts for its adherents to conduct studies on the behavior or forms of circulation and changes that occur, both in the context of the universe and those that occur between fellow humans, as well as the development of modern technology. In connection with this understanding, the requested discussion of Islam, the words requested by the Prophet Muhammad, required compulsory knowledge for Muslims. Islam contributes to science between other verses in the Qur'an which encourages Muslims to develop science. Islam through the Qur'an is the basis of epistemology and ideology for Muslim scientists who connect their attitudes and relationships to transcendence with the creator. Expect that there is a spiritual dimension in dzikir and fear for Allah. Muslim appreciation of the amazing knowledge of the early days of Islam. At this time Muslims were able to play a role and master various disciplines. Islamic Ummah has a very prominent role but has differences in politics and internal crises in involving thinking, the role of Muslims is declining and very alarming. The role of Islam in the development of science and technology adds there are two namely First, making Islamic Aqeedah a paradigm of science. The paradigm that represents Muslims, is not a secular paradigm as it is now. Second, making Islamic Islam (born from Islamic Aqeedah) as a standard for the use of science and technology in everyday life.

The Role of Science and Technology

2013 ◽  
pp. 213-230
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Environmental Costs ◽  
Environmental Consequences

The role of modern technology needs to be reduced because of the ongoing threat of catastrophic environmental consequences. Regardless, some modern technology needs to be employed to monitor the ecosystem and to deal with potential celestial collisions. Other parts of modern technology that do not contribute to survival need to be reduced as quickly as possible without causing any more damage than necessary. Economic growth needs to be rethought with environmental costs properly included.

scholarly journals Pemuridan kontekstual sebagai sarana untuk menjawab kebutuhan generasi muda dalam dunia IPTEK.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yokhebed Palinoan
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Religious Education ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Important Task ◽  
Quality Education ◽  
Teacher’S Role ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Moral Ethics

AbstractGuru diera globalisasi ini mempunyai tugas yang sangat penting dalam memberikan arahan pendidikan yang bermutu pada muridnya. Terutama dijaman sekarang ini teknologi sangat memberi dampak pengaruh negatif bagi kalangan anak muda sekarang. Guru harus memiliki kemampuan dalam menguasai keahlian yang berkaitan dengan IPTEK, mampu bekerja secara profesional dengan orientasi mutu dan keunggulan. Pemuridan harus diwujudkan terhadap kalangan muda Kristen. Kondisi yang tidak dapat dibendung saat ini, dimana perkembangan terus terjadi tanpa memperhatihkan etika moral dan karakter anak muda, maka disini sangatlah diperlukan peran dari berbagai pihak termasuk dan teristimewa guru Pendidikan Agama Kristen untuk mengontrol siswanya yang terbawa arus globalisasi. Diperlukan peran guru yang sangat serius bangat untuk membentuk karakter siswa yang baik dan terpuji. Meskipun terkadang kita sadar bahwa saat ini sebagian besar siswa mengalami yang namanaya krisis karakter apalagi dengan kemajuan teknologi yang semakin kian pesat. Usaha akan terus dilakukan sebagai wujud pemuridan dalam memuridkan anak-anak yang terbawah arus globalisasi (IPTEK).Teachers in this era of globalization have a very important task in providing quality education direction to their students. Especially in today’s era, technology has a very negative impact on today’s young people. Teachers must have the ability to master skills related to science and technology, able to work profesionally with quality and excellence orientation. Disciplesship must be realized for Christian youth. An unstoppable condition at this time, where development continues without paying attention to the moral, ethics and character of young people, so here the role of various parties is needed including and especially Christian religious education teachers to control their students who are carried away by globalization. It takes a very serious teacher’s role to from good and praiseworthy student character. Although sometimes we realize that currently some students are experilencing a character crisis especially with increasingly rapid technological advances. Efforts continue to be made as a from of discipleship in discipling children who are under the flow of globalization (Science and Technology)

Georges Gilles de la Tourette

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Walusinski
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
World's Fair ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
The Public ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
National Archives ◽  
Complete Bibliography ◽  
First Time ◽  
Jean Martin Charcot

An exhaustive biography of French neuropsychiatrist Georges Gilles de la Tourette (1857–1904) has never been undertaken. Gilles de la Tourette worked closely with the nineteenth-century founder of neurology in Paris, Jean-Martin Charcot. His name is universally known because of the eponymous, disabling syndrome that affects 0.9% of children/adolescents. Unpublished family archives, as well as Gilles de la Tourette’s correspondence with the Parisian journalist Georges Montorgueil, conserved at the national Archives in Paris, were examined together with press and police archives to portray Georges Gilles de la Tourette’s family and professional life in an original light. These archives have never before been studied or made available to the public. How the eponymous syndrome was isolated, the errors initially made in its description, the hidden role of Jean-Martin Charcot, and the disputes with other authors are covered in detail based on multiple sources, original or already published. An in-depth analysis of the genesis of Gilles de la Tourette’s prolific neurological and psychiatric works within their historical context rounds out this biography. Major figures of neurology of the time are also featured—including Freud, Charcot and his son, Brissaud, and Babiński. Interwoven with Gilles de la Tourette’s life and times are discussions of politics, theater, literature, the 1900 Paris World’s Fair, and numerous letters exchanged with Jules Claretie of the Académie Française to highlight his significant involvement in each of these domains. The book concludes with a complete bibliography of all works written by Gilles de la Tourette, compiled for the first time.

scholarly journals Reflections on the role of less-than-comprehensive (exclusionary) private health insurance hospital products in the Australian healthcare system

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter E. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Private Health Insurance ◽  
Insurance Scheme ◽  
Policy Issues ◽  
The Public ◽  
Insurance Policies ◽  
Exclusionary Policies ◽  
First Time

The number of people in Australia that are currently covered by a hospital private health insurance product continues to rise every quarter. In September 2010, for the first time since the introduction of the public universal social insurance scheme, Medicare, more than 10 million persons in Australia are covered by private health insurance. Although the number of persons covered by private health insurance continues to grow, the quality and level of cover that members are holding is changing significantly. In an effort to limit premium rises and to reduce the benefits paid for treatment, private health insurers have introduced, and moved a large number of existing members to, less-than-comprehensive private health insurance policies. These policies, known as ‘exclusionary’ policies, are changing the dynamics of private health insurance in Australia. After examining the emergence and prevalence of these products, this commentary gives three different examples to illustrate how such products are changing the nature of private health insurance in Australia and are now set to create a series of policy issues that will require future attention.

Public Health Laboratory Network

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 194
Author(s):  
John R Bates
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Health Laboratory ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
Inaugural Meeting ◽  
The Public ◽  
Laboratory Network ◽  
Outbreak Investigations ◽  
First Time

The Public Health Laboratory Network had its inaugural meeting on 26 June 1997. The meeting was chaired by Professor Lyn Gilbert who played a pivotal role in establishing this group. This was the first time that all the state and territory public health laboratory directors had been called to meet together. Members expressed a strong desire to communicate more closely on issues of public health importance and recognised the importance of promoting the role of public health laboratories in outbreak investigations and routine and enhanced surveillance.

Arena or Temple?

2020 ◽  
pp. 150-203
Author(s):  
Mark Seymour
Keyword(s):  
Social Space ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
The Public ◽  
Sacred Spaces ◽  
New Type ◽  
Murder Trial ◽  
New Nation ◽  
Emotional Style ◽  
First Time

States anxious to wrest power from religious authorities viewed their courts of law as quasi-sacred spaces, often characterizing them as a form of ‘temple’ to signal the reverential emotional style required within. Foregrounding the emotional overlap between religious and legal spaces, this chapter portrays Rome’s Court of Assizes during the Fadda murder trial as both secular temple and emotional arena with great symbolic value for Liberal Italy. The argument is contextualized against analysis of the symbolic role of law at crucial stages in the development of other states, particularly England and France. After unification, Italian courts were opened to the public, in some cases for the first time. The civic audience in legal hearings, especially in criminal cases, was a fundamental tenet of Italy’s liberal ideology. The chapter analyses public participation in the Fadda trial against the background of a state’s need to engage its citizens in spaces and rituals that were unmistakably identified with the nation. The Fadda trial’s fascination both helped and hindered the state’s cause, drawing great crowds but provoking emotions that threatened to blur the line between dignified court and popular arena. The trial lasted a month and dominated the nation’s newspapers, drawing Italians from all over the peninsula into the drama in Rome. Ultimately the event was an opportunity to establish the contours of a new type of social space, a new emotional arena, for a new nation.

Shared Practice, Learning, and Goals between Police and Young People: A Qualitative Analysis of the National Volunteer Police Cadets

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey DeMarco ◽  
Antonia Bifulco
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Young People ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Shared Vision ◽  
Individual Development ◽  
The Public ◽  
Shared Practice

Abstract Engaging all members of the public is of paramount importance to British policing. This assists with demystifying the role of police in society, and also providing a shared vision and partnership between communities and the criminal justice system. The National VPC programme provides the opportunity to achieve this, recruiting diverse young people into a structured programme led by a range of police officers and staff. A series of focus groups were conducted across the country with both cadets and adult leaders to explore the benefits of the cadet programme for both groups—those relevant to policing but also more widely for community cohesion and individual development. Although the benefits to policing were clearly articulated, a range of strengths to the programme were also identified.

scholarly journals “The People Who Write to Us Are the People Who Don't Like Us”: Class, Gender, and Citizenship in the Survey of Sickness, 1943–1952

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisy Payling
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Public Health Research ◽  
The Public ◽  
The People ◽  
And Gender ◽  
British State ◽  
First Time ◽  
Second World

AbstractThe Second World War and the rise of social medicine in 1940s Britain reframed population health as a social problem in need of state investigation. The resulting government inquiry, the Survey of Sickness, sampled the whole adult population of England and Wales, engaging a broad and diverse cross-section in public health research for the first time. Complaints made against the Survey of Sickness reveal a complex set of relationships between different sections of the public and the British state. This article situates complaints about privacy, liberty, and wasted resources, as well as challenges to the authority of survey fieldworkers, in the context of wider resistance to postwar controls. By viewing these protests and criticisms in light of the material circumstances of the people who made them, this article argues that, for those with social, economic, and political capital, the role of the public in public health was up for negotiation in postwar Britain. The everyday politics of the survey's doorstep encounters were heavily influenced by gendered notions of home and citizenship. This exploration of how different sections of the public were constructed by public health and how they responded to that construction describes the hierarchies of expertise under formation while illuminating how class and gender informed contemporary understandings of citizenship in the emerging postwar British state.

The Evolving Arms Control Agenda: Implications of the Role of NGOS in Banning Antipersonnel Landmines

2000 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth R. Rutherford
Keyword(s):  
Agenda Setting ◽  
Arms Control ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
State Behavior ◽  
State Action ◽  
The Public ◽  
Antipersonnel Landmines ◽  
First Time

This article examines the role NGOs have played in placing and controlling the landmineban issue on the international arms control agenda, which eventually changed state behavior toward landmines. It develops a framework for agenda setting to examine how and why NGOs were successful in this role. More importantly, the article also examines how NGOs were able to generate state action toward the support of the Ottawa Treaty banning antipersonnel landmines, which marked the first time a weapon in widespread use has been banned. The article makes two interrelated arguments. First, NGOs initiated the landmine ban by placing it on the international arms control agenda, which gained intense media and public attention for the cause. The NGOs accomplished their goal by utilizing cognitive attribution strategies to educate the public about the minimal military utility of landmines and the humanitarian problems they pose. Second, NGOs changed states’ perception toward the legality and use of landmines once the issue was on the agenda by highlighting the horrible effects and disproportionate consequences of landmine use, playing leadership games with influential individuals and states, and claiming that antiban states were using incoherent arguments. In comparison, NGOs have not been included in the agenda-setting processes of most other major arms control and disarmament treaties, which typically are negotiated at the behest of major powers. These arguments address the broader question of agency in world politics by showing potential conditions of how NGOs can instigate governments to address issues in a way that may culminate in international law.

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