scholarly journals GUDA VARTI FOR POST-OPERATIVE PAIN MANAGEMENT- ROAD LESS TRAVELLED

2021 ◽  
pp. 90-93
Author(s):  
Vilas Thakre Kalpita ◽  
P Bhat Ramesh
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Pain Management ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Acute Pain ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Psychological Response ◽  
Post Operative Pain ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Adequate Management

Acute pain is an unpleasant sensory, emotional and mental sensation (experience) associated with vegetative signs, psychological response and changes in behavior. Post-operative pain is one such example and adequate management becomes utmost necessary. In Shalya tantra practice, proctology is the field of excellence for many practitioners and post-operative pain is an acquaintance difficult to handle. Many practitioners still resort to using contemporary I.M OR I.V analgesics for pain management which have proven ADR’S due to lack of availability of Ayurvedic analgesics for management. Vartis (suppositories) was in vogue since pre-historic times and have been mentioned in almost all Ayurvedic texts for various disorders with suitable formulations and various modes of insertion, e.g.: Ratadi varti for Shoola. Ayurveda also has a wide-range of drugs mentioned for relieving pain which have not been used to the full potential. Hence Guda varti as a drug delivery system for pain management needs to be explored in Ayurveda Shalya tantra practice.

scholarly journals Marine Polysaccharides as a Versatile Biomass for the Construction of Nano Drug Delivery Systems

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 345
Author(s):  
Ying Sun ◽  
Xiaoli Ma ◽  
Hao Hu
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
Marine Biomass ◽  
Nano Drug Delivery ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Marine Polysaccharide

Marine biomass is a treasure trove of materials. Marine polysaccharides have the characteristics of biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity, low cost, and abundance. An enormous variety of polysaccharides can be extracted from marine organisms such as algae, crustaceans, and microorganisms. The most studied marine polysaccharides include chitin, chitosan, alginates, hyaluronic acid, fucoidan, carrageenan, agarose, and Ulva. Marine polysaccharides have a wide range of applications in the field of biomedical materials, such as drug delivery, tissue engineering, wound dressings, and sensors. The drug delivery system (DDS) can comprehensively control the distribution of drugs in the organism in space, time, and dosage, thereby increasing the utilization efficiency of drugs, reducing costs, and reducing toxic side effects. The nano-drug delivery system (NDDS), due to its small size, can function at the subcellular level in vivo. The marine polysaccharide-based DDS combines the advantages of polysaccharide materials and nanotechnology, and is suitable as a carrier for different pharmaceutical preparations. This review summarizes the advantages and drawbacks of using marine polysaccharides to construct the NDDS and describes the preparation methods and modification strategies of marine polysaccharide-based nanocarriers.

scholarly journals POST-OPERATIVE PAIN RELIEF FOR LOWER ABDOMINAL SURGERY

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (03) ◽  
pp. 340-345
Author(s):  
ROBINA FIRDOUS
Keyword(s):  
Pain Management ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Pain Relief ◽  
Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Opioid Receptors ◽  
Acute Pain ◽  
Alternate Route ◽  
Parenteral Route ◽  
Group I ◽  
Post Operative Pain

The severity of post-operative pain and the lack of efforts in relievingit have led to the involvement of Anaesthesiologists in the management of post-operative and acute pain. Parenteralopiates have been utilized for post-operative pain management. The identification of the opioid receptors on substantiagelatinosa has provided an alternate route i.e 1 the epidural route - for administering opiates. Objectives: To evaluateand compare the efficacy and side effects of parenteral Buprenorphine with those of Extradural Buprenorphine.Setting: Department of Anaesthesia, District Headquarter Hospital, Faisalabad. Period: The data was collected duringthe last three and a half years. Materials and Methods: Sixty adult patients of either sex and ages ranging from 35-45years, who underwent lower abdominal surgery, were randomly selected for the study. They were equally divided intotwo groups. Group I patients were administered Buprenorphine 0.3 mg through the epidural catheter in extraduralspace. Group II patients were given Buprenorphine 0.3 mg intramuscularly. Results: Buprenorphine through theepidural route gives better analgesia with fewer side effects as compared with the parenteral route.

scholarly journals A Totally Implantable Drug Delivery System for Local Therapy of the Middle and Inner Ear

1997 ◽  
Vol 76 (8) ◽  
pp. 567-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf Lehner ◽  
Heribert Brugger ◽  
Marcus M. Maassen ◽  
Hans-Peter Zenner
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Drug Application ◽  
Local Therapy ◽  
Trophic Factors ◽  
Mastoid Cavity ◽  
Round Window Membrane ◽  
Wide Range

Local therapy of middle and inner ear diseases is being used, but is restricted to cases of ear drum perforation or to repeated invasive intratympanic drug application by the physician. In accordance with the Medical Device Directive (class III), a bone-anchored, totally implantable drug delivery system (TI-DDS) has been developed. It includes a micropump for subcutaneous, patient-controlled activation, a drug reservoir and a septum port. A thin guide-wired catheter leads from the pump outlet to the point of application in the mastoid or middle ear cavities. Local inner ear therapy with suitable drugs is possible by positioning the catheter's end near the round window membrane. The system requires no battery and will offer a wide range of patient-controlled bolus applications (25 μl per activation). We first analyzed the three-dimensional implantation geometry of the mastoid cavity. Basic micromechanical problems have been solved in order to create several prototypes. The TI-DDS has already undergone extensive in vitro testing. Recent results of pump rate precision and digital pressure force testing are promising. Local drug treatment for conditions such as lidocaine-sensitive tinnitus, secretory otitis media, Meniere's disease, localized pain and intralesional cancer is under discussion. Furthermore, local application of future biotechnological trophic factors for inner ear treatment is anticipated. The basic engineering is completed and initial animal tests are in preparation.

Managing acute pain after abdominal surgery: examples from practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-83
Author(s):  
Nurhayati Nurhayati ◽  
Mayoora Madsiri
Keyword(s):  
Pain Management ◽  
Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Acute Pain ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Pain Treatment ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Preoperative Information ◽  
Delayed Recovery ◽  
Pain At Rest ◽  
Adequate Management

Following abdominal surgery, ischaemia and neuropeptide release cause pain at the trauma site, and there is a high incidence of moderate-to-severe pain. Inadequate pain management leads to complications, delayed recovery and prolonged hospitalisation, and thus, effective management is essential. This article describes an implementation of acute pain management after abdominal surgery. A multidimensional assessment tool collected data on demographics, medical history and surgical situation, as well as interventions used, their administration route and their side effects. Pain level was recorded on a scale of 0–10, both at rest and during physical activity, by postoperative day; patient participation and satisfaction were also recorded. Nine patients met the inclusion criteria for the study. Pharmacological analgesic interventions included opioids (morphine, fentanyl and tramadol) and paracetamol. Administration was either intravenous, epidural or via patient-controlled analgesia. These were combined with non-pharmacological interventions, specifically cold gel packs, massage therapy and music therapy. All patients achieved the adequate management goals of pain at rest below 3/10 and during activity below 4/10, and all participated in pain decision-making, were satisfied with pain treatment, and reported the usefulness of preoperative information. Pain management following abdominal surgery is vital, and the use of a combination of pharmacological and non-pharmacological techniques was effective.

Investigation of Nanoscale Structure of Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery System Containing Poorly Water-Soluble Model Drug

2014 ◽  
Vol 970 ◽  
pp. 272-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mont Kumpugdee-Vollrath ◽  
Yotsanan Weerapol ◽  
Karin Schrader ◽  
Pornsak Sriamornsak
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Correlation Spectroscopy ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Poorly Water Soluble ◽  
Nanoscale Structure ◽  
Model Drug ◽  
20 Nm

This work has a focus on the self-emulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS), which can be used in pharmaceutical field for increasing bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. The model drug resveratrol was used because of its poor water-solubility and is of interest because of its wide range of pharmacological effects. It is beneficial to understand the mechanism of SEDDS formation in the human body, therefore, the determination of nanoscale structure was carried out. For this purpose, small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques were applied. We have found that the size and size distribution of particles were in nanometers. The inner structure of SEDDS was ordered with the lamellar distances (d-spacing) of < 20 nm. It seems that the prepared SEDDS in water form large oil drops (200-400 nm) in water as well as small micelles with the droplet size of 10-20 nm.

scholarly journals Microsphere: A Unique and Useful Drug Delivery System

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Novel Technology ◽  
Gelatin Microsphere ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Therapeutic Substance ◽  
Selective Information

Microsphere is one the novel technology that is used to deliver the drug to it targeted site. Microsphere they are micro particle in size. They are of natural and synthetic one. There are various approaches in delivering a therapeutic substance to the target site in a sustained controlled release fashion. For preparation of microsphere protein physiochemical property to be optimized this include optimal pH, protein stochiometry and protein concentration. Some of the important microsphere technology includes Ceformin microsphere technology Ceformin EI, Ceformin TI, Ceformin EA/CR, Silk microsphere and gelatin microsphere. Microsphere drug delivery system has gained enormous attention due to its wide range of application as it covers targeting the drug to particular site to imaging and helping the diagnostic features. Microsphere is excellent polymer used for buccal delivery. It is also used to deliver pacilitaxel at the tumor site. In the present study valuable and selective information on microsphere is enlightened with its important applications which will be beneficial for further newer drug development.

Intrathecal Drug Delivery System: A Pain Management Option for Refractory Cancer-Related Pain

Pain Medicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robalee L Wanderman ◽  
Jonathan M Hagedorn
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Pain Management ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
World Health ◽  
Refractory Pain ◽  
System A ◽  
Intrathecal Drug Delivery ◽  
Pain Medications ◽  
Medication Side

Abstract Cancer-related pain is progressive and therefore requires a stepwise approach to management, such as the World Health Organization’s Pain Ladder. This approach calls for increasingly strong pain medications in addition to interventional options for patients with medication-refractory pain or intolerable medication side effects. Here, we discuss a case involving cancer-related pain which ultimately required intrathecal drug delivery system placement for optimal pain management.

Pharmaceutical Applications of Carbon Nanotube-Mediated Drug Delivery Systems

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1685-1696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pradeep Kumar S ◽  
Prathibha D ◽  
Gowri Shankar N L ◽  
Parthibarajan R ◽  
Mastyagiri L ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Wide Range

Carbon nanotubes, which are elongated fullerenes, resemble graphite sheets wrapped into cylinders with a high length-to-width ratio (few nm in diameter and up to 1 mm in length). Carbon nanotubes are molecular-scale tubes of graphitic carbon with outstanding properties. Carbon nanotubes have drawn great interest and attraction in the field of novel drug delivery system. Nanomedicines can target, diagnose, monitor and treat cancerous cell also. The small nanoscale dimension and astonishing properties make them a distinctive carrier with a wide range of promising applications. These cylindrical carbon molecules have novel properties that make them potentially useful in many applications in nanotechnology. The various nano-size carrier systems are available for biotechnological applications including the drug delivery. Carbon nanotubes are typically used for bioactive delivery due to their some unique outstanding properties. Carbon nanotubes drug delivery system opens up new potential and possibilities over nanoparticles, dendrimers, liposomes etc. for biomedical applications and new drug delivery. In last few years, Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have shown unexpected advantages in the field of cancer treatment and drug delivery systems. Present review article discuss in brief about the methods of synthesis, with purification as well as sorting techniques for giving different grades to different types of CNTs and biomedical applications. These show very good adsorption properties which helps in the detection of various chemicals, toxic agents etc. Research done using CNTs for cancer treatment is also discussed in brief.  

scholarly journals Optimisation and feature selection of poly-beta-amino-ester as a drug delivery system for cartilage

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (23) ◽  
pp. 5096-5108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Perni ◽  
Polina Prokopovich
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Feature Selection ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Polymer Structure ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Amino Ester ◽  
Amino Esters ◽  
Drug Conjugates ◽  
Selection Of

Drug localisation is one of the main challenges in treating cartilage; poly-beta-amino-esters (PBAEs) drug conjugates are a possible solution; their efficacy depends on the polymer structure hence the full potential of this system is still unknown.

Halloysite nanotubes as a new drug-delivery system: a review

Clay Minerals ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hanif ◽  
Fazila Jabbar ◽  
Sana Sharif ◽  
Ghulam Abbas ◽  
Athar Farooq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Controlled Release ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Halloysite Nanotubes ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
New Drug ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Loading Methods

AbstractNew drug-delivery systems have remained a challenge for pharmaceutical scientists due to the use of expensive polymers and the low loading capacity of prepared nanoparticles. There is pressure to develop formulations that contain not only cheaper materials but also have controlled-release properties. Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) are a naturally occurring clay mineral similar to kaolin, possessing a special particle shape in the form of an ultramicroscopic multilayered hollow cylinder. Its uses encompass a wide range in anticancer therapy, sustained- and controlled-release drug-delivery systems, cosmetics, delivery of proteins, vaccines and genes. These advantages are due to its biocompatibility, significant mechanical strength and natural availability. The surfaces of the tubules can be modified by coating different polymers for application in the drug-delivery system. This review is focused on the various aspects of HNTs such as structure, properties, loading methods, applications and characterizations.

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