scholarly journals Land Use Issues in Selected Disadvantaged Districts of Eastern India

Agropedology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. G. Patil ◽  
◽  
A. Chaturvedi ◽  
S. K. Singh ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Forest Area ◽  
Population Pressure ◽  
Residual Soil ◽  
Eastern India ◽  
Irrigation Development ◽  
Rainfed Rice

Status of current land use and development vis-a-vis available resources in 58 disadvantaged districts (of 150) in three different agro-ecological regions (AER) namely 11, 12 and 13 of eastern India were analyzed. Expectedly fragmentation of agriculture land holdings and declining per capita land availability emerged as major constraints. The analysis also indicated that development of water resource(s) is the most critical factor in AER 11 and 12 where protectionist forest laws appeared to have detrimental effect on irrigation development as evident from empirical negative relationship between irrigation development and forest area. It is argued that developmental plans and land use strategies in AER–11, 12 must be aimed at irrigation development and formulating sustainable non-timber forest produce (NTFP) utilization. Forest lands near villages need to be used for short, middle and long term plans to provide NTFP as a means of livelihood. Based on experimental results it is argued that there exists potential to grow legume crops using residual soil moisture after rainfed rice. AER 13 has very insignificant forest area and well developed irrigation but faces heavy population pressure. Cultivated area in this AER exceeds 74% and hence improving water use efficiency appears to be the emergent option for enhanced productivity. Other land uses such as industrial development are urgently required in AER 13 to relieve population pressure. We argue for revision of land use policies especially tenancy and share cropping and advocate inventory of natural resources with an agro-ecological approach.

Spatial variability studies of soil hydro-physical properties using GIS for sustainable crop planning of a watershed of eastern India and its testing in a rainfed rice area

Soil Research ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gouranga Kar ◽  
Ravender Singh ◽  
Harsh Nath Verma
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Eastern India ◽  
Water Capacity ◽  
Available Water ◽  
Rainfed Rice ◽  
Rice Area ◽  
Available Water Capacity

In this study soil hydro-physical properties such as soil texture, available water capacity, and organic carbon, along with existing land use and topography of a representative watershed of eastern India (Kadalipal watershed, 20.80–20.86°N and 85.54–86.50°E, Dhenkanal district, Orissa), were spatially mapped after collecting data from different sources (ground-truthing, profile survey, remote sensing satellite imagery). Since availability of water is confined to the south-west monsoon period (rainy season, June–September), eastern India is mainly mono-cropped, dominated by rice but second crops can be planned based on the soil hydro-physical properties, mainly water retention and available water of the soil profile utilising residual soil moisture. Keeping the existing land use as a base and considering the potential and prospects of soil hydro-physical properties in different topographies, in this investigation, an alternative land-use plan was developed in different parts of the watershed and tested in its rainfed rice area. Since direct measurement of available water capacity or soil water constants over a large area is time-consuming, pedo-transfer functions were also developed to predict soil water constants using easily measured parameters (e.g. cation exchange capacity, organic carbon, oven-dry bulk density, soil texture, calcium carbonate, etc.) of arable land of the watershed. Results of implementation revealed that the new cropping system was practical for increasing production, productivity, profitability, and sustainability of the rainfed rice area of the eastern India.

Implication of Socio-economic Factors on Land Use and Forest Cover Changes in and Around Magamba Nature Reserve in Tanzania

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-117
Author(s):  
Solomon Jeremiah Sembosi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Population Pressure ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Rural settlements in mountainous regions are a typical process that occurs in many places around the world and have a number of implications on the landscape. Among them is a threat it possesses to the conservation and management of Afromontane ecosystems. This study assessed the socio-economic factors that drive the changes in land use and forest cover and the extent of land use and vegetation cover in and around Magamba Nature Reserve. Focus group discussion, direct field observation and household survey were used to acquire socio-economic information that impacts land use and forest cover. Through the use of Remote Sensing and GIS methods Landsat satellite images of 1995, 2008 and 2015 were employed to identify the extent of the changes in land use and forest cover. The perceived factors for the changes include education level, unemployment, landless/limited, landholding, population pressure, expansion of built-up areas and agricultural land at the expense of other land covers. This study revealed the transformation of natural forest and associated vegetation from one form to another. There was a decrease in natural vegetation from 61.06% in 1995 to 26.02% in 2015 and increase in built-up areas by 6.69% and agricultural areas by 4.70%. This study recommends conservation monitoring and strong law enforcement relating to natural resources so as to promote sustainable use of resources to rescue the diminishing ecosystem services.

scholarly journals Development of Land Use Regression Model for Seasonal Variation of Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) in Lahore, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 4933
Author(s):  
Saimar Pervez ◽  
Ryuta Maruyama ◽  
Ayesha Riaz ◽  
Satoshi Nakai
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Land Use Classification ◽  
Land Use Regression ◽  
Air Exposure

Ambient air pollution and its exposure has been a worldwide issue and can increase the possibility of health risks especially in urban areas of developing countries having the mixture of different air pollution sources. With the increase in population, industrial development and economic prosperity, air pollution is one of the biggest concerns in Pakistan after the occurrence of recent smog episodes. The purpose of this study was to develop a land use regression (LUR) model to provide a better understanding of air exposure and to depict the spatial patterns of air pollutants within the city. Land use regression model was developed for Lahore city, Pakistan using the average seasonal concentration of NO2 and considering 22 potential predictor variables including road network, land use classification and local specific variable. Adjusted explained variance of the LUR models was highest for post-monsoon (77%), followed by monsoon (71%) and was lowest for pre-monsoon (70%). This is the first study conducted in Pakistan to explore the applicability of LUR model and hence will offer the application in other cities. The results of this study would also provide help in promoting epidemiological research in future.

scholarly journals Within-Season Changes in Land-Use Impact Pest Abundance in Smallholder African Cassava Production Systems

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Kalyebi ◽  
Sarina Macfadyen ◽  
Andrew Hulthen ◽  
Patrick Ocitti ◽  
Frances Jacomb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Bemisia Tabaci ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Smallholder Farming ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz), an important commercial and food security crop in East and Central Africa, continues to be adversely affected by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci. In Uganda, changes in smallholder farming landscapes due to crop rotations can impact pest populations but how these changes affect pest outbreak risk is unknown. We investigated how seasonal changes in land-use have affected B. tabaci population dynamics and its parasitoids. We used a large-scale field experiment to standardize the focal field in terms of cassava age and cultivar, then measured how Bemisia populations responded to surrounding land-use change. Bemisia tabaci Sub-Saharan Africa 1 (SSA1) was identified using molecular diagnostics as the most prevalent species and the same species was also found on surrounding soybean, groundnut, and sesame crops. We found that an increase in the area of cassava in the 3–7-month age range in the landscape resulted in an increase in the abundance of the B. tabaci SSA1 on cassava. There was a negative relationship between the extent of non-crop vegetation in the landscape and parasitism of nymphs suggesting that these parasitoids do not rely on resources in the non-crop patches. The highest abundance of B. tabaci SSA1 nymphs in cassava fields occurred at times when landscapes had large areas of weeds, low to moderate areas of maize, and low areas of banana. Our results can guide the development of land-use strategies that smallholder farmers can employ to manage these pests.

scholarly journals A Novel Efficiency Measure Model for Industrial Land Use Based on Subvector Data Envelope Analysis and Spatial Analysis Method

Complexity ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Chen ◽  
Rui He ◽  
Qun Wu
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Spatial Autocorrelation ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Efficiency Measure ◽  
Industrial Land ◽  
Envelope Analysis ◽  
Land Use Efficiency ◽  
Industrial Land Use ◽  
Use Efficiency

With the rapid and unbalanced development of industry, a large amount of cultivated land is converted into industrial land with lower efficiency. The existing research is extensively concerned with industrial land use and industrial development in isolation, but little attention has been paid to the relationship between them. To help address this gap, the paper creates a new efficiency measure method for industrial land use combining Subvector Data Envelope Analysis (DEA) with spatial analysis approach. The proposed model has been verified by using the industrial land use data of 30 Chinese provinces from 2001 to 2013. The spatial autocorrelation relationship between industrial development and industrial land use efficiency is explored. Furthermore, this paper examines the effects of industrial development on industrial land use efficiency by spatial panel data model. The results indicate that the industrial land use efficiency and the industrial development level in the provinces of eastern region are higher than those of the western region. The spatial distribution of industrial land use efficiency shows remarkable positive spatial autocorrelation. However, the level of industrial development has obvious negative spatial autocorrelation since 2009. The improvement of industrial development has a significant positive impact on the industrial land use efficiency.

scholarly journals Employees Perception of Training and Its Relationship with Organizational Commitment among the Employees Working at Saudi Industrial Development Fund

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed S. Alamri ◽  
Thamir I. Al-Duhaim
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Affective Commitment ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Simple Random Sample ◽  
Normative Commitment ◽  
Development Fund ◽  
Perceived Supervisor Support ◽  
Perceived Availability

The aim of this study is to examine employees perception of training provided by Saudi Industrial Development Fund (SIDF) and its relationship with organizational commitment. To achieve this aim, the study utilized a questionnaire consists of two validated, well established, international instruments: the first one is the perceived availability of training developed by Newman et al., (2011) and includes 22-item inventory that measures an individual on the training, the second instrument called commitment scale developed by Allen and Meyer, (1996) and includes 18-item inventory to identify a person’s commitment. This questionnaire has been distributed to a simple random sample consist of (200) employees of Saudi Industrial Development Fund. A total of (175) complete questionnaires has been received back at a response rate of (87%). After analyzing data and testing hypotheses, the main results of this study are:• There is a positive relationship between five training-related variables and affective commitment.• There is a positive relationship between two training-related variables (the perceived availability of training and perceived supervisor support for training) and two commitment-related variables (continuance and normative commitment).• There is a negative relationship between perceived co-worker support for training and two commitment-related variables (continuance and normative commitment).• There is no relationship between two training-related variables (the perceived benefits of training and motivation to learn) and two commitment-related variables (continuance and normative commitment).

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