scholarly journals Characterization and Classification of Geotechnical Index Properties of Shallow Soil Deposits at Oworoshoki Area, Kosofe Local Government, Lagos, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
I.T. Peni ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Laboratory Test ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Index Properties ◽  
Plastic Limit ◽  
Natural Moisture Content

The study of geotechnical index properties of soils in Oworoshoki, Kosofe, Lagos State was conducted to characterize and classify the index properties of soil samples. Disturbed and undisturbed soils were collected at different shallow depths (1m, 2m and 3m) from the study area and laboratory test was conducted. The laboratory test conducted includes natural moisture content, atterberg limits (liquid limit and plastic limit), particle size distribution, specific gravity, unit weight and hydrometer. The results of the test were gotten: natural moisture content as 23.5%, 24.5% and 25.3% , liquid limits (LL) 28.68%, 26.64% and 29.10%, Oworoshoki is non-plastic for the three depths i.e. plastic limit (PL) is 0, particle size distribution percentage passing through BS #200 (0.075mm) are 95.97 %, 97.97%, 98.10% and this shows that the soil sample contain much silt, the samples are non-plastic for all depths (1m, 2m and 3m), specific gravity as 2.61, 2.55 and 2.60, unit weight as 17.5 KN/m3, 18.1kn/m3 and 18.9KN/m3 and hydrometer percentage passing through BS #200 (0.075mm) as 95.97% at 1.0m depth, 97.97% at 2.0m depth and 98.10% at 3.0m depth. Hydrometer test was conducted because 95.97% passes sieve 0.075mm.This shows that the soil contain high amount of silt. Soils from depth 1.0m, 2.0m and 3.0m are non-plastic (NP) because the Plastic Index (PI=0) and the soil samples are classified as A – 3 according to American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) System.

scholarly journals Experimental Study of the Effects of Some Selected Geotechnical Indices on the Unconfined Compressive Strength of Lateritic Soil

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (Issue 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
G.O Adunoye ◽  
O.C Onah ◽  
F.O Ajibade
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Unconfined Compressive Strength ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Atterberg Limits ◽  
Effective Size ◽  
Natural Moisture Content ◽  
Coefficient Of Uniformity

This study undertook an experimental study of the comparative effects of Atterberg limits, particles size and compaction parameters on the unconfined compressive strength of selected soils. This was with a view to ascertaining which of the combinations of the soil properties will produce a good prediction of the unconfined compressive strength. To achieve this aim, soil samples were obtained from selected locations within Ife Central Local Government Area, Osun State, Nigeria. The following tests were conducted on the soil samples, following standard procedures: natural moisture content determination, specific gravity, Atterberg limits, compaction and unconfined compressive strength. Using Regression tool, the results obtained from the laboratory tests were used to develop the relationships between each of the index properties and unconfined compressive strength. Results showed that the natural moisture content of soil samples ranges between 18.48 % and 25.03 %; specific gravity ranges between 2.35 and 2.69; liquid limit ranges between 39.95 % and 83.98 %; plastic limit ranges between 29.32 % and 51.18 %; and plasticity index is between 8.74 % and 33.56 %. The maximum dry density ranges between 15.30kN/m3 and 19.30kN/m3 with their optimum moisture contents ranging between 13.80 % and 35.50 % while unconfined compressive strength is between 36.00 kN/m2 and 97.14 kN/m2. The results of regression analysis showed that effective size and coefficient of uniformity have the greatest effect (R2 = 0.82) on unconfined compressive strength of the tested soil samples. Therefore, the study concluded that effective size and coefficient of uniformity could be used to estimate the unconfined compressive strength of the soils.

scholarly journals Geotechnical investigation of road pavement failure along arigidi / oke - agbe akoko, southwestern, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Thompson Henry Tolulope Ogunribido ◽  
Tunde Ezekiel Fadairo
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Unconfined Compressive Strength ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
California Bearing Ratio ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Geological Condition ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Natural Moisture Content

Twenty soil samples collected from the failed portions in the study area were air dried for two weeks before analyses. Each soil samples were subjected to eight engineering tests which include: natural moisture content, atterberg limit, specific gravity, compaction, unconfined compressive strength, California bearing ratio, grain size and hydrometer analysis. Results showed that the natural moisture content ranged from 17.7% to 37.8%, liquid limit from 48.5% to 62.4%, plastic limit from 18.3% to 26.8%, plasticity index from 25.7% to 37.7%, shrinkage limit from 5.8%-12.5%, optimum moisture content from 14.2% to 32.4%, maximum dry density from 1301 Kg/rn3 to 2002 Kg/rn3. Soaked California bearing ratio ranged from 5% to 17%, unsoaked from 15% to 38%, specific gravity from 2.5 to 2.68, unconfined compressive strength r from 112.8 Kpa to 259.7 Kpa, shear strength from 56.4 Kpa to 129.9 Kpa and hydrometer analysis from 48.5% to 72.1%. Based on the Federal Government specifications for pavement construction, for the soil to be suitable, stabilization with bitumen, Portland cement, lime, coal fly ash, and saw dust should be done. Road pavement failure along Arigidi – Oke Agbe road was due to poor engineering geological condition of the sub-grade soils and poor drainage systems.  

scholarly journals Applicability of laser diffraction analyses in soil physics practice

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
András Makó ◽  
József Szabó ◽  
Zsófia Bakacsi ◽  
Sándor Koós ◽  
Gabriella Hauk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Laser Diffraction ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Diffraction Measurement ◽  
Boundary Values ◽  
Soil Physics ◽  
Soil Database ◽  
First Results

In this research we present the first results how can be used laser diffraction measurement in soil physics practice. The main goals are understanding differences of particle size distribution (PSD) measurments, developing converting methods of PSD data of different determinations. In order to realization of this survey a representative soil database of Hungarian soil types was built up. We compared PSDs of 157 soil samples measured with sieve-pipette method (SPM) and laser diffractometer technique (Malvern Mastersizer 2000) (LDM). Soil textural classes were also determined using the USDA texture triangle. We used the clay/silt fraction boundary values (clay < 0.0066 mm; silt: 0.0066 - 0.05 mm) introduced for the LDM data in order to take them comparable to PSD data determined by the SPM: We got higher similarities of clay and silt fractions of the modified size boundary values. For the used dataset correspondence of texture classes derived from SPM and LDM PSD data, however is not higher than 60%.

scholarly journals Suitability Assessment of Selected Lateritic Soils For Highway Construction In Anambra State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles M.O. Nwaiwu ◽  
Ibeawuchi S Chidera ◽  
Franklin C Uzodinma
Keyword(s):  
Highway Construction ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Silty Sand ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Index Properties ◽  
Clayey Sand ◽  
British Standard ◽  
Lateritic Soils ◽  
Anambra State

Fifteen samples of coarse-grained lateritic soils obtained from different parts of Anambra State were assessed for their suitability as materials for highway construction. The soil samples were subjected to laboratory tests to obtain their index properties, compaction and California bearing ratio (CBR) characteristics. Three compactive efforts namely, British Standard Light (BSL) compaction, West African Standard (WAS) and British Standard Heavy (BSH) compaction were employed in the compaction tests. Samples were soaked for 48hrs prior to CBR testing. The index properties of the soils were used to classify the soils as   silty sand (SM) or silty sand/clayey sand (SM-SC) based on the Unified Soil Classification System (USCS) classification as well as silty soils (A – 4) or silty/clayey gravel and Sand (A – 2 -4) based on American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) classification. All the fifteen soils fell under “grading F” based on AASHTO standard specification designations for particle size distribution. The maximum dry unit weight (MDUW) of the soil samples ranged from 16.203 kN/m3 to 19.424 kN/m3,17.385 kN/m3 to 19.996 kN/m3 and from 18.126 kN/m3 to 21.473 kN/m3 with  corresponding optimum moisture content of 11.4% to 21.4%, 12.45% to 12.5%  and 8.5% to 11.75% for BSL, WAS and BSH respectively. The CBR values ranged between 7.92% and 18.87%. Most of the soil (more than 50%) did not meet the lower values of MDUW while only 20% of the soils had CBR values above 10% which is specified for subgrade soils by the AASHTO standard and the Nigerian Highway Design Manual, Federal Ministry of works and Housing.Keywords: coarse-grained, lateritic soils, highway pavement materials, USCS, AASHTO

IMPACT OF FALLOWS ON THE WATER-PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF CHESTNUT SOILS

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 520-527
Author(s):  
S.O. Kanzyvaa ◽  
◽  
S.B.N. Kuzhuget ◽  
N.D. Chadamba ◽  
A.V. Khuurak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Water Permeability ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Moisture Capacity ◽  
Chestnut Soils ◽  
Fallow Soil ◽  
The Republic

Modern arable land in the Republic of Tyva is located on chestnut soils (69%) and chernozems (25%), but the former are characterized by low fertility. Soil fertility depends on the particle size distribution, structure, water-air regime, etc. Durind agricultural use of soils, the disturbance of the structure, especially of light particle size distribution, as well as depletion of humus and nutrient reserves can occur in them. Therefore, the aim of our work was to identify the influence of fallows on the change in the waterphysical properties of chestnut soils of the BarunKhemchiksky district of the Republic of Tyva. The chestnut soils of fallow and arable lands of the Barun-Khemchiksky district of the Republic of Tyva with the laying of two soil sections in arable and fallow fields were chosen as the object of the study. Soil samples from two horizons (arable and subsurface) were selected by the five-spot method. The water properties of these soils were subjected to the following analyzes: determining the water permeability of the soil according to the method of N. A. Kachinsky, determining the speed and height of rising water, determining the total capillary moisture capacity. As a result, it was found that the soil cover of the studied territories is represented by light loamy chestnut soils. Samples of fallow soil showed good water permeability with the amount of incoming water 80–100 mm per 1 hour. The water-lifting rate of soil arable land samples is slightly greater than the soil samples of the fallow: the soil sample of the arable layer of the arable land was completely moistened after 20 minutes, and the soil sample of the arable horizon of the fallow – only after 40 minutes. The moisture capacity of the fallow soil samples turned to be slightly higher than the arable land. An analysis of the studied samples indicates the improvement in the water-physical properties of the chestnut soils of the fallow compared with the arable field. Relatively low moisture capacity and accelerated water capacity indicate a destroyed and dispersed structure of arable land.

Influence of particle size distribution, test time, and moisture content on sandy stratum LCPC abrasivity test results

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 611-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengyang Sun ◽  
Zhiyong Yang ◽  
Yusheng Jiang ◽  
Hongji Gao ◽  
Kuanda Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Test Time ◽  
Test Results

scholarly journals Variations in selected soil physical properties with landforms and slope within an inland valley ecosystem in Ashanti region of Ghana

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 73-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.E. Obalum ◽  
J.C. Nwite ◽  
J. Oppong ◽  
C.A. Igwe ◽  
T. Wakatsuki
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Site Selection ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Silt Fraction ◽  
Inland Valley

One peculiar feature of the inland valleys abundant in West Africa is their site-specific hydrology, underlain mainly by the prevailing landforms and topography. Development and management of these land resources under the increasingly popular sawah (a system of bunded, puddled and levelled rice field with facilities for irrigation and drainage) technology is a promising opportunity for enhancing rice (Oryza sativa L.) production in the region. Information on the variations in selected soil physical properties as influenced by the prevailing landforms may serve as a useful guide in site selection. This is of practical importance since majority of the inland valleys are potentially unsuitable for sawah development and most farmers in the region are of low technical level. Three landforms (river levee, elevated area and depressed area) were identified within a sawah field located in an inland valley at Ahafo Ano South District of Ghana. Each of these landforms was topsoil-sampled along on identified gradient (top, mid and bottom slope positions). Parameters determined included particle size distribution, bulk density, total porosity and field moisture content. The soil is predominantly clayey. There were no variations in the particle size distribution among the slope positions in the river levee. Overall, the river levee had lower silt content than the elevated and the depressed landforms. The bulk density, total porosity, and gravimetric moisture content indicated relative improvements only in the depressed area in the order, bottom &gt; mid &gt; top slope. Irrespective of slope position, the three landforms differed in these parameters in the order, depressed &gt; river levee &gt; elevated. The sand fraction impacted negatively on the silt fraction and bulk density of the soil, both of which controlled the soil moisture status. Despite the fairly low silt content of the soil, the silt fraction strongly influenced the gravimetric moisture content (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.80). So too did the soil bulk density on the gravimetric moisture content (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.90). It is concluded that: (1) since the landforms more prominently influenced the measured parameters than the slope positions, the former should take pre-eminence over the latter in soil suitability judgment; (2) with respect to moisture retention, variations in silt fraction and bulk density of this and other clayey inland-valley soils should be used as guide in site selection for sawah development.

The Quality of U100 Sampling

1986 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 419-423
Author(s):  
I. L. Whyte
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Sample Quality ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Sample Disturbance

AbstractThe origins and development of the U100 (U4) thick-walled open-drive sampler are reviewed. The requirements of CP 2001 and BS 5930 are examined in relation to sample quality, and these are shown to be too favourable. Causes of sample disturbance are considered, particularly those due to volume changes, and shown to depend on moisture content, plasticity and particle size distribution. Quality classes possible with conventional U100 samples are suggested, and Classes 3 or 4 are to be generally expected. Class 1 samples are improbable. It is recommended that a general purpose sampler such as the U100 should have a maximum inside clearance of 1% and not ‘about 1%’ as recommended in BS 5930.

scholarly journals Factors influencing particle size distributions in finely ground forage

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Soofi-Siawash ◽  
G. W. Mathison
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
Particle Size Distributions ◽  
Routine Procedure ◽  
Factors Influencing

Two studies were conducted to assess the possibility of using particle size distribution following grinding as a routine procedure of forage evaluation. It was concluded that although differences in particle size distribution could be detected when different feeds were ground, it would be difficult to standardize the technique since particle size distributions were influenced by type of mill used for grinding, particle size of forage before grinding, and moisture content of the forage. Key words: Forages, grinding, particle size, moisture, mill

scholarly journals On soil textural classifications and soil texture-based estimations

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Ángel Martín ◽  
Yakov A. Pachepsky ◽  
Carlos García-Gutiérrez ◽  
Miguel Reyes
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Medium Sand ◽  
Texture Representation

Abstract. The soil texture representation with the standard textural fraction triplet 'sand-silt-clay' is commonly used to estimate soil properties. The objective of this work was to test the hypothesis that other fraction sizes in the triplets may provide better representation of soil texture for estimating some soil parameters. We estimated the cumulative particle size distribution and bulk density from entropy-based representation of the textural triplet with experimental data for 6300 soil samples. Results supported the hypothesis. For example, simulated distributions were not significantly different from the original ones in 25 and 85 % of cases when the 'sand-silt-sand' and 'very coarse+coarse + medium sand – fine +very fine sand – silt+clay', were used, respectively. When the same standard and modified triplets were used to estimate the average bulk density, the coefficients of determination were 0.001 and 0.967, respectively. Overall, the textural triplet selection appears to be application- and data-specific.

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