El impacto de un evento deportivo mediano: percepción de los residentes de la comunidad de acogida (The impact of a medium-size sporting event: The host community perceptions)

El objetivo de este estudio es conocer las percepciones de los residentes de una ciudad sede sobre un evento deportivo de mediana escala, como es el Open 500 de tenis de Valencia, a través de la identificación de grupos cuya actitud hacia este evento sea similar. Después de la realización de la encuesta se aplicó un análisis factorial exploratorio que permitió agrupar la escala de 23 ítems en cuatro factores: impacto socio-cultural y deportivo, impacto en el desarrollo urbano y las infraestructuras, impacto socio-económico e impacto en la imagen y la promoción. En segundo lugar, se realizó un análisis clúster combinando métodos jerárquicos y no jerárquicos, que permitió encontrar tres grupos de residentes: Favorables, Moderados y Desfavorables. Finalmente se observaron las características del perfil y las diferencias entre los grupos de residentes. Los resultados mostraron que el grupo de ciudadanos favorable al evento era bastante reducido en comparación con los otros dos colectivos. También, se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en las variables relacionadas con el interés por el deporte, la asistencia al acontecimiento, el grado de afición por el tenis, el respaldo a la celebración del evento, el trabajo vinculado al sector del turismo o los eventos y la identificación con la política de eventos deportivos. Los resultados de este estudio proporcionan una información útil a los organizadores de eventos deportivos y autoridades para comprender y atender mejor las necesidades y demandas de los ciudadanos.Palabras clave: evento deportivo mediano, percepción de los residentes, impacto social, análisis clúster.Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the residents perceptions of a city based on a medium-scale sporting event, such as tennis Open 500 Valencia, through the identification of groups whose attitude toward this event is similar. After completing the survey, an exploratory factor analysis was performed grouping the 23-item scale in four factors: socio-cultural and sports impact, infrastructure and urban impact, socio- economic impact and impact on the image and promotion. Second, cluster analysis was performed combining hierarchical and non-hierarchical methods, which allowed finding three groups of residents: Favorable, Moderate and Unfavorable. Finally, profile observed characteristics and differences between groups of residents. The results showed that the group of citizens with a favorable attitude towards the event was relatively small compared to the other two groups. Also, statistically significant differences were found in the variables related to the interest in the sport, event attendance, degree of fondness for tennis, supporting the event, the work related to tourism or events and the identification with sports events policy. The results of this study provide useful information for sports event organizers and authorities to understand and better meet the needs and demands of citizens.Key words: medium-scale sporting event, residents’ perceptions, social impact, cluster analysis.

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Social impact of major sports events perceived by host community

International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship ◽

10.1108/ijsms-02-2016-005 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 78-91 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Dongfeng Liu

Keyword(s):

Social Impact ◽

Host Community ◽

Impact Factors ◽

International Exchange ◽

Infrastructure Development ◽

Content Type ◽

Sports Events ◽

The Social ◽

Local Residents ◽

The Impact

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the social impact of major sports events perceived by host city residents using Shanghai as an example. Design/methodology/approach – Exploratory factor analysis based on 450 valid questionnaires. Findings – Research revealed six impact factors including four positive ones: “image and status,” “international exchange and cooperation,” “economic and tourism development,” and “infrastructure development.” In addition, two negative ones are also identified as “inconvenience of life” and “environment pollution and security concern.” Taken as a whole, the local residents in Shanghai have a relative positive perception of the impact of major sports events. Four out of six impact factors were significantly predictive of the attitude toward future bidding of major sports events. Originality/value – The existing literature mainly examined social impact of specific events through case study, and little is known about the overall perception of major sports events in general. Accordingly, this paper seeks to bridge the gap by taking an event portfolio approach using Shanghai as an example.

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Public Perception of Costs Associated with Major Sporting Events

Advances in Marketing, Customer Relationship Management, and E-Services - Strategies in Sports Marketing ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-5994-0.ch001 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 1-15

Author(s):

Juan Manuel Núñez-Pomar ◽

Ferran Calabuig-Moreno ◽

Vicente Añó-Sanz ◽

David Parra-Camacho

Keyword(s):

Singular Point ◽

Public Perception ◽

Social Impact ◽

Sporting Events ◽

Large Cities ◽

Sports Events ◽

Sporting Event ◽

The Social ◽

The Impact ◽

The City

Sporting events have become first-order promotional tools of large cities, allowing them to reach levels of dissemination economically unaffordable as conventional advertising. The social impact of the event on residents is very important, given their role as main actors. Perceptions of the residents of the cities that host sporting events have been extensively studied, although in this case a singular point of comparison to study the perception of the costs of organizing and holding the sporting event is provided. The purpose of this chapter is to assess the perception of the citizens of Valencia (Spain) on specific aspects of three sports events held in the city in 2012: European Grand Prix Formula 1, the Tennis Open 500, and Valencia Marathon. The results show significant differences in the perception of the costs of organizing the events related, and demonstrate the impact of the type of activity in the perception of residents.

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Public Perception of Costs Associated with Major Sporting Events

Hospitality, Travel, and Tourism ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-6543-9.ch055 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 945-959

Author(s):

Juan Manuel Núñez-Pomar ◽

Ferran Calabuig-Moreno ◽

Vicente Añó-Sanz ◽

David Parra-Camacho

Keyword(s):

Singular Point ◽

Public Perception ◽

Social Impact ◽

Sporting Events ◽

Large Cities ◽

Sports Events ◽

Sporting Event ◽

The Social ◽

The Impact ◽

The City

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‘Stressed, uncomfortable, vulnerable, neglected’: a qualitative study of the psychological and social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on UK frontline keyworkers.

10.31235/osf.io/dn43c ◽

2021 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tom May ◽

Henry Aughterson ◽

Daisy Fancourt ◽

Alexandra Burton

Keyword(s):

Social Impact ◽

Work Conditions ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Work Related ◽

Health And Wellbeing ◽

Working Lives ◽

Psychosocial Concerns ◽

Postal Services ◽

Exposure Risks ◽

The Impact

Aims: Non-healthcare keyworkers face distinct occupational vulnerabilities that have received little consideration within broader debates about ‘essential’ work and psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this study was therefore to explore the impact of the pandemic on the working lives and mental health and wellbeing of non-healthcare keyworkers in the UK.Methods: In-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 23 participants employed in a range of non-healthcare keyworker occupations, including transport, retail, education, postal services and the police force. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analysed using a reflexive thematic approach. Results: Keyworkers experienced adverse psychological effects during the COVID-19 pandemic, including fears of COVID-19 exposure, contagion and subsequent transmission to others, especially their families. These concerns were often experienced in the context of multiple exposure risks, including insufficient PPE and a lack of workplace mitigation practices. Keyworkers also described multiple work-related challenges, including increased workload, a lack of public and organisational recognition and feelings of disempowerment. Conclusion: In efforts to reduce psychosocial concerns among non-healthcare keyworkers, there is a need for appropriate support during the COVID-19 pandemic and in preparation for other infections (e.g. seasonal influenza) in the future. This includes the provision of psychological and workplace measures attending to the intersections of personal vulnerability and work conditions that cause unique risks and challenges among those in frontline keyworker occupations.

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A Small-Scale Event and a Big Impact—Is This Relationship Possible in the World of Sport? The Meaning of Heritage Sporting Events for Sustainable Development of Tourism—Experiences from Poland

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su10114289 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 4289 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Ewa Malchrowicz-Mośko ◽

Joanna Poczta

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Development ◽

Social Impact ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Tourism Industry ◽

Small Scale ◽

Sporting Events ◽

Sporting Event ◽

Horse Riding ◽

The World ◽

The Impact

The theoretical part of this article presents the meaning of sporting events for the tourism industry and the importance of sporting events at a small scale, as well as heritage sporting events for sustainable development of tourist destinations. The literature review shows that there is a clear research gap with respect to the analysis of economic and social impacts of small-scale events. The empirical research was conducted by the method of a diagnostic survey during three sporting events of different rank, which took place in Poland and represented various sports disciplines—running, horse riding, and swimming. A total of 2098 respondents took part in the study, including sports tourists and resident-hosts who took part in the studied events. The aim of the study was to examine whether there is a link between the rank of a sporting event, the development of tourism, and the impact on the host city’s image. The results of the study showed that the highest additional tourism activity in the city on the occasion of participation in an event as an athlete or supporter was undertaken by the participants of the lowest ranked sporting event (Half-Marathon). They also gave the highest rating of the positive impact of a sporting event on the host city’s image. The hosts also rated the highest social impact from the Half-Marathon (i.e., increased sense of pride, social integration, and local identity). Events related to the heritage of the sport of a given region and other smaller-scale sporting events, including mass sports and recreation events (e.g., marathons and other running events), provide an alternative to homogenized, commercial, and very expensive sporting events in the world and may contribute to the sustainable development of tourist regions. The research results show that big social potential lies in the organization of small-scale sports events. The reflections contained in this article may inspire the organization of small-scale sporting events and the continued care for sporting events related to the cultural heritage of a given region. Events of this kind successfully impact tourist revival and improvement of the regions’ image.

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The Effects of Social Media on Sporting Event Satisfaction and Word of Mouth Communication: An Empirical Study of a Mega Sports Event

Information ◽

10.3390/info11100482 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 482

Author(s):

Juan Du ◽

Mei-Yen Chen ◽

Yu-Feng Wu

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

University Students ◽

Word Of Mouth ◽

Sporting Events ◽

Sports Events ◽

Sporting Event ◽

Use Of Social Media ◽

Level Of Understanding ◽

Word Of Mouth Communication ◽

The Impact

This study examines the impact of word of mouth (WOM) communication through social media and how it affects satisfaction with the Summer Universiade in Taipei. This study hopes to understand the usage characteristics of social media among university students and the implementation of social media and their effectiveness as a marketing strategy for sport organization. The hypotheses were verified using a survey of 572 university students from four universities that hosted competitions for the Summer Universiade Games. Data were analyzed using t test, Pearson’s correlation analysis and two-way ANOVA analysis. The results indicated that WOM has impacted satisfaction via social media, and the level of understanding of sporting events was significantly affected by WOM communication and overall satisfaction. Moreover, gender showed no significant differences in WOM communication and overall satisfaction with sporting events. However, male participants had significantly higher value in WOM dissemination than female respondents. In addition, the spectators’ understanding of the sporting event on WOM communication and overall satisfaction was not affected by the continued use of social media. Suggestions are provided, including sufficient sports marketing and service quality from the organizers, in order to maintain good sports events and enhance spectators’ feelings.

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‘Stressed, uncomfortable, vulnerable, neglected’: a qualitative study of the psychological and social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on UK frontline keyworkers

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050945 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. e050945

Author(s):

Tom May ◽

Henry Aughterson ◽

Daisy Fancourt ◽

Alexandra Burton

Keyword(s):

Social Impact ◽

Qualitative Interviews ◽

Well Being ◽

Work Conditions ◽

Work Related ◽

Psychosocial Concerns ◽

Postal Services ◽

Exposure Risks ◽

The Uk ◽

The Impact

ObjectivesNon-healthcare keyworkers face distinct occupational vulnerabilities that have received little consideration within broader debates about ‘essential’ work and psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this study was therefore to explore the impact of the pandemic on the working lives and mental health and well-being of non-healthcare keyworkers in the UK.DesignIn-depth, qualitative interviews, analysed using a reflexive thematic analysis.SettingTelephone or video call interviews, conducted in the UK between September 2020 and January 2021.Participants23 participants aged 26–61 (mean age=47.2) years employed in a range of non-healthcare keyworker occupations, including transport, retail, education, postal services, the police and fire services, waste collection, finance and religious services.ResultsKeyworkers experienced adverse psychological effects during the COVID-19 pandemic, including fears of COVID-19 exposure, contagion and subsequent transmission to others, especially their families. These concerns were often experienced in the context of multiple exposure risks, including insufficient personal protective equipment and a lack of workplace mitigation practices. Keyworkers also described multiple work-related challenges, including increased workload, a lack of public and organisational recognition and feelings of disempowerment.ConclusionsIn efforts to reduce psychosocial concerns among non-healthcare keyworkers, there is a need for appropriate support during the COVID-19 pandemic and in preparation for other infections (eg, seasonal influenza) in the future. This includes the provision of psychological and workplace measures attending to the intersections of personal vulnerability and work conditions that cause unique risks and challenges among those in frontline keyworker occupations.

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