Food security and COVID-19 in Latin America: A challenge to overcome

2020 ◽  
Vol 128 (S2) ◽  
pp. S188-S195
Author(s):  
Marianella Herrera Cuenca
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Informal Employment ◽  
Economic Decline ◽  
Large Magnitude ◽  
Nutritional Security ◽  
Population Policies ◽  
Food And Nutritional Security

Latin America is a region full of challenges due to its characteristics. The COVID-19 pandemic arrived in an unprepared region that must take action for controlling an emergency of a large magnitude, which is not surprising because of the economic decline, the increase in hunger, and informal employment experienced in recent decades. Previous efforts to eradicate hunger and move closer to meeting the number two goal of sustainable development are facing now a setback given the slowdown in activities because of the pandemic. The projection of the increase in intraregional poverty reported by CEPAL is a call for attention to the reformulation of policies associated with the dimensions of poverty and in particular the food and nutritional security of the population. Policies should focus on two levels: an immediate level of attention to the vulnerable population and another dedicated to planning structural actions with a view to the middle and long term.

The Challenge of Food and Nutritional Security

2021 ◽  
pp. 230-248
Author(s):  
Sarah McKune
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
Nutritional Security ◽  
Poor Nutritional Status ◽  
Food And Nutritional Security

In a region characterized by chronic food insecurity and extremely high rates of malnutrition, the projected impact of global climate change on nutritional outcomes is likely to have synergistic effects, compounding the already poor nutritional status of the Sahelian population. Various studies of nutrition among children under five underscore the significant role that animal-source foods play in long-term childhood development and growth. Given the intimate relationship between livestock and people throughout the Sahel, these findings hold important implications for nutritional security in the region. This chapter examines the food security and consumption patterns of the Sahel, mechanisms by which climate change may exacerbate the current situation, and the role of livestock in the future nutrition and food security of the Sahel.

scholarly journals Latin America: Reduced S&T Investment Puts Sustainable Development at Risk

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Bolaños-Villegas ◽  
Pablo Bolaños-Villegas ◽  
Pablo Bolaños-Villegas ◽  
Pablo Bolaños-Villegas ◽  
Pablo Bolaños-Villegas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Extreme Case ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
The Face ◽  
Social Turmoil

Latin America is home to more than 600 million people and has considerable natural and human resources. However, investment in science and technology (S&T) lags far behind that in developed countries. This gap represents a barrier to the development of economies based on knowledge and hampers the region's ability to tackle environmental and social problems. This lack of investment is evident in the extreme case of Venezuela, where much of the science workforce has fled economic chaos, but also in every Latin American country, including science powers such as Brazil and Argentina, where federal budgets in science, technology and education have been drastically reduced in recent years. Investments in S&T foster cooperation, commerce and good will and enhance resilience in the face of environmental and social turmoil. Therefore, scientists must start to actively engage governments and encourage long-term spending in S&T to support the development of Latin American societies.

scholarly journals Bridging Sustainability and Food Security Ideas Towards Building Sustainable Food Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Majing Oloko
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Security Assessment ◽  
Assessment Framework ◽  
Sustainable Food Systems ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Nutritional Security ◽  
Food And Nutritional Security ◽  
Health And Well Being

Having stable access to nutritious and culturally preferred food to maintain health and well-being is still a challenge for many people across the globe. Food insecurity and environmental degradation is rising across the world with interrelated drivers. There has been increasing advocacy for the creation of sustainable food systems to support food and nutritional security without degrading the environment. Bridging sustainability and food security ideas is a step towards building such food systems. However, how to apply ideas of sustainability and food security into building sustainable food systems remains a challenge, given the connection between the two concepts is not well appreciated. I introduce a sustainability and food security assessment framework as a first step for bridging sustainability and food security concepts, towards building sustainable food systems.

scholarly journals Análisis de indicadores de disponibilidad y accesibilidad alimentaria en el municipio de Xalapa

UVserva ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Felipe Godínez García ◽  
Lol Ki Itzel López Galindo ◽  
María Magdalena Álvarez Ramírez
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Food Access ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Programs ◽  
Nutritional Security ◽  
Active Population ◽  
Para Determinar ◽  
Food And Nutritional Security ◽  
Access To Food

Para determinar la situación de Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutricional del municipio de Xalapa, Veracruz, se analizaron los pilares de la disponibilidad y accesibilidad a los alimentos; los indicadores incluidos fueron: producción de alimentos básicos, programas sociales, pobreza y carencias, desempleo, población económicamente activa e ingreso. De los 22 indicadores analizados, 13 presentan datos que indican una tendencia hacia la inseguridad alimentaria, mientras que 7 muestran valores de seguridad alimentaria. La producción de alimentos mostró una disminución, mientras que en los programas sociales se muestran como fortaleza, los indicadores de pobreza y desempleo muestran tendencia al aumento, al igual que la carencia por acceso a la alimentación. Al considerar que con uno de los cuatro pilares no se encuentre al 100% se considera un estado de inseguridad, es necesario examinar los indicadores de la SAN como un referente para establecer un diagnóstico por municipio.Palabras clave: seguridad alimentaria; municipio; indicador; pobreza; desnutrición AbstractThe Food and Nutritional Security: Food availability and Food access were analyzed to determine the situation of the municipality of Xalapa, Veracruz. The indicators worked were basic food production, social programs, poverty and shortages, unemployment, economically active population, income. The food production shows a decrease, while in social programs a strength is shown, poverty and unemployment indicators show a tendency to increase, as well as the lack of access to food. In total of the 22 indicators analyzed, 13 present data indicating a trend towards food insecurity, while 7 show food safety values. It is necessary to analyze the indicators of the other pillars of the SAN to establish a better diagnosis of the municipality.Keywords: Food Security; Municipality; Indicator; Poverty; Malnutrition

scholarly journals O MERCADO MUNICIPAL DE ARAGUAÍNA/TO COMO PROPULSOR DE ALIMENTOS DO CERRADO

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (01) ◽  
pp. 44-65
Author(s):  
Osmar Oliveira de Moura ◽  
Ana Caroline Pereira dos Santos ◽  
Silvania Reis de Araújo ◽  
Maurício Ferreira Mendes
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Public Place ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Nutritional Security ◽  
The Public ◽  
Cerrado Biome ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Food And Nutritional Security

Este estudo teve como objetivo compreender a importância do Mercado Municipal de Araguaína/TO como propulsor de alimentos do cerrado, gerando segurança alimentar e nutricional aos feirantes e aos consumidores, visto que acontece primeiramente o autoconsumo e posteriormente a comercialização, garantindo renda e sustento às famílias. O delineamento utilizado foi o estudo de caso. Foram aplicados questionários semiestruturados junto aos feirantes do Mercado Municipal, no período de setembro à novembro de 2019, além de levantamento de material bibliográfico e registro fotográfico. Os resultados mostram que houveram diversos conflitos entre feirantes e comerciantes para posterior implementação pelo poder público do Mercado Municipal de Araguaína, o que aconteceu em 1978, garantindo assim, inclusão social e renda, fortalecimento da cadeia produtiva dos frutos do cerrado, além da promoção da segurança alimentar entre feirantes e consumidores locais. Porém, esses alimentos estão ameaçados com o avanço da soja e pecuária sobre o bioma cerrado, comprometendo a diversidade de produtos ofertados pelos feirantes do Mercado Municipal em Araguaína. Palavras-chave: Espaço público. Mercado municipal. Araguaína.   THE MUNICIPAL MARKET OF ARAGUAÍNA/TO AS A FOOD DRIVER IN THE CERRADO ABSTRACT This study aimed to understand the importance of the Municipal Market of Araguaína/TO as a propellant of food in the cerrado, generating food and nutritional security for marketers and consumers, since self-consumption and then commercialization take place, guaranteeing income and sustenance for the families. The design used was the case study. Semi-structured questionnaires were applied to market vendors in the Municipal Market, from September to November 2019, in addition to a survey of bibliographic material and photographic record. The results show that there were several conflicts between marketers and traders for subsequent implementation by the public authorities of the Araguaína Municipal Market, which happened in 1978, thus guaranteeing social inclusion and income, strengthening the productive chain of cerrado fruits, in addition to promoting food security between marketers and local consumers. However, these foods are threatened by the advance of soy and livestock over the cerrado biome, compromising the diversity of products offered by market vendors in the Municipal Market in Araguaína.  Keywords: Public place. Municipal market. Araguaína.    EL MERCADO MUNICIPAL DE ARAGUAÍNA/TO COMO CONDUCTOR DE ALIMENTOS EN EL CERRADO RESUMEN Este estudio tuvo como objetivo comprender la importancia del Mercado Municipal de Araguaína/TO como propulsor de alimentos en el cerrado, generando seguridad alimentaria y nutricional para comercializadores y consumidores, ya que se produce el autoconsumo y luego la comercialización, garantizando ingresos y sustento para las familias de la familia. El diseño utilizado fue el estudio de caso. Se aplicaron cuestionarios semiestructurados a vendedores de mercado en el Mercado Municipal, de septiembre a noviembre de 2019, además de una encuesta de material bibliográfico y registro fotográfico. Los resultados muestran que hubo varios conflictos entre comercializadores y comerciantes para la posterior implementación por parte de las autoridades públicas del Mercado Municipal de Araguaína, que ocurrió en 1978, garantizando así la inclusión social y los ingresos, fortaleciendo la cadena productiva de frutos cerrados, además de promover seguridad alimentaria entre comercializadores y consumidores locales. Sin embargo, estos alimentos están amenazados por el avance de la soya y el ganado sobre el bioma cerrado, lo que compromete la diversidad de productos ofrecidos por los vendedores en el Mercado Municipal de Araguaína.  Palabras-clave: Espacio público. Mercado municipal. Araguaína.

scholarly journals Strengthening the Resilience of Vulnerable Communities: Results from a Quasi-experimental Impact Evaluation in Coastal Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christophe Béné ◽  
Mahfuzul A. B. M. Haque
Keyword(s):  
Impact Evaluation ◽  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nutritional Security ◽  
Coastal Bangladesh ◽  
Vulnerable Communities ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Food And Nutritional Security ◽  
The Impact

AbstractAt present, no clear consensus exists on how to assess resilience interventions in the field. In this paper we propose to measure the impact of the ECOFISH project, the objective of which was to strengthen the resilience of local fishing communities affected by recurrent crises in Bangladesh. The evaluation was based on a difference-in-difference (DiD) framework. The DiD analysis indicates that households who benefited from ECOFISH have a higher propensity to adopt positive responses than non-beneficiaries when hit by a shock. Those beneficiaries also report a statistically higher recovery rate (resilience). The analysis indicates however that the project did not manage to reduce the propensity of households to engage in detrimental coping strategies and that the long-term food and nutritional security of the beneficiaries has not yet visibly improved compared to the control group. Those different results are discussed in the light of the wider literature on resilience evaluation.

scholarly journals New cassava germplasm for food and nutritional security in Central Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac Tize ◽  
Apollin Kuate Fotso ◽  
Elias Nchiwan Nukenine ◽  
Cargele Masso ◽  
Francis Ajebesone Ngome ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Nutritional Security ◽  
Food And Nutritional Security

AbstractCassava is a key food security crop in Central Africa, but its production depends largely on the use of local farmers’ varieties characterized by inherently low yield which is compounded by generally high susceptibility to various growth and yield-limiting pests and diseases. Improved cassava genotypes have demonstrated the potential to substantially improve cassava’s contribution to food security and the development of the cassava industry and the improvement of nutrition status elsewhere in Western Africa. Eleven improved cassava genotypes were compared with a local landrace (LMR) used as a check under field conditions over two years in eight locations, grouped in four agro-ecologies in Cameroon. Pest and disease abundance/incidence and damage severity were evaluated. At harvest, root yield and carotenoid content were measured. Best linear unbiased predictors showed the lowest breeding value for LMR with the cassava mosaic virus disease (+ 66.40 ± 2.42) compared with 1.00 ± 0.02% for the most susceptible improved genotype. Two genotypes (I010040-27 and I011797) stood out for having higher predicted fresh root yield means which were at least 16 times greater compared with LMR. Predicted total carotenoid content was the highest (+ 5.04 ± 0.17) for improved genotype I070593 compared with LMR which showed the lowest (− 3.90 ± 0.06%) and could contribute to the alleviation of vitamin A deficiency from cassava-based food systems. Diffusion of high-yielding and nutritious genotypes could alleviate food and nutritional security in Central Africa.

scholarly journals Open in Order to Achieve Food and Nutritional Security

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sridhar Gutam
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Nutritional Security ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
2030 Agenda ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Food And Nutritional Security

Agriculture is the principal component of the 2030 agenda for sustainable development and is directly or indirectly linked to all the 17 sustainable development goals (SDGs). The new estimate recently released by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations in their report, ‘The State of Food and Agriculture 2017,’ puts the number of chronically undernourished people in the world at 815 million. So, let’s make all the agricultural research data and information to be open in order to achieve food and nutritional security and realize the ambitious vision outlined in the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals.

scholarly journals Latin America: Reduced S&T Investment Puts Sustainable Development at Risk

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Bolaños-Villegas ◽  
Pablo Bolaños-Villegas ◽  
Pablo Bolaños-Villegas ◽  
Pablo Bolaños-Villegas ◽  
Pablo Bolaños-Villegas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Extreme Case ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
The Face ◽  
Social Turmoil

Latin America is home to more than 600 million people and has considerable natural and human resources. However, investment in science and technology (S&T) lags far behind that in developed countries. This gap represents a barrier to the development of economies based on knowledge and hampers the region's ability to tackle environmental and social problems. This lack of investment is evident in the extreme case of Venezuela, where much of the science workforce has fled economic chaos, but also in every Latin American country, including science powers such as Brazil and Argentina, where federal budgets in science, technology and education have been drastically reduced in recent years. Investments in S&T foster cooperation, commerce and good will and enhance resilience in the face of environmental and social turmoil. Therefore, scientists must start to actively engage governments and encourage long-term spending in S&T to support the development of Latin American societies.

FOOD ENVIRONMENT: CONCEPTUALIZATION AND IMPORTANCE IN PERSPECTIVE OF URBAN INDIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shams Perwaiz2 ◽  
Shams Perwaiz2
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Environment ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Nutritional Security ◽  
Governmental Agencies ◽  
Research Article ◽  
Urban India ◽  
Food And Nutritional Security ◽  
Access To Food

Food environment of an individual is characterized by the ‘availability of food’ and ‘affordability of food’. The latter determines the type of food available that is nutritious or nonnutritious nature of food while former determines the access to food in terms of purchasing power of people. These two components of food environment collectively play a major role in determining the food and nutritional security of any region. Country like India is characterized by the disparity in incomelevels, demography and development. Likewise, India is characterized by regions with varying degree of ‘food security’ and ‘nutritional security’. The present research article discusses the concept of ‘food environment’ in perspective of urban India. Further, the present research study investigates that how the above-mentioned concepts helpful in identifying the regions with food security and nutritional security or both. The study is based on secondary data collected from various governmental and non-governmental agencies.

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