scholarly journals Elements of biologization to ensure high energy and economic efficiency of sugar beet growing under the conditions of the Podillia

Bioenergy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. P. Voitova
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Biological System ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
The Right

Purpose. To study the ways of improving energy and economic efficiency of sugar beet cultivation based on the biological system of fertilizer grain-beet crop rotations under the conditions of sufficient moisture, the right-Bank forest-Steppe. Methods. Laboratory and field, statistical. Results. The results of studies on ways of improving energy and economic efficiency of sugar beet cultivation based on the biological system of fertilizers in grain-beet crop rotations under the conditions of sufficient moisture in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe are presented, which included technology for sustainable cultivation of sugar beet under the conditions of an acute shortage of organic fertilizers. The technology includes the following elements of biologization: straw, green manure biomass was used as an alternative organic fertilizer directly under sowing of pre-crop. The positive results of increasing energy and economic efficiency of sugar beet is shown. Conclusions. In the acute shortage of organic fertilizers, it is required to use mineral fertilizers and basic elements of biologization, such as green manure, crop residues, and perennial grasses and legumes as pre-crops. This will contribute to the increase in the value of the gross output of feedstock, energy-economic viability and sustainability of agricultural systems in agronomic sense.

scholarly journals Influence of fertilizer systems on spring barley yield under conditions of the Right Bank Forest Steppe

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-77
Author(s):  
G. P. Voitova
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
White Mustard ◽  
Research Results ◽  
The Right

The research results of the influence of fertilizer systems on the productivity of spring barley in the Right-bank Forest Steppe were presented. Traditionally fertilized backgrounds were studied: mineral, organic and organomineral (with half fertilizer rates of previous backgrounds), and the alternative to organic matter was cereal straw and biomass of green manure crops. The best backgrounds and optimal fertilizer systems for high level of grain yield were determined. The main factors that formed the productive plant density of spring barley were the rates and types of fertilizers. The improving of plant nutrition due to using of organic and mineral fertilizers led to an increase in the productive plant density in the agrocenosis and the competitiveness of plants, the reducing of weed infestation. Depending on the type of fertilizer, the grain yield of spring barley changed. Based on the research results, it was found that the combination of traditional fertilization with the application of alternative types of organic matter increased the grain yield of barley spring compared to the control variant on mineral background within 1.61–2.04 t/ha, organic – 1.69–2.14 t/ha, organomineral – 1.79–2.19 t/ha. At the same time, the yield indicators had a range: 4.86–5.29 t/ha on the mineral, 4.94–5.39 t/ha – organic and 5.04–5.44 t/ha organomineral background. The highest yield of spring barley was provided by a combined fertilizer system with half norms both mineral fertilizer and manure against the background of the afteraction of predecessor straw with compensatory dose of N10/t and green manure biomass of white mustard as organic fertilizer, and equaled of 5.44 t/ha (yield gain was 2.19 t/ha compared to control). The optimal fertilizer systems to increase of spring barley yield in conditions of the Right Bank Forest Steppe are combined mineral, organic and organomineral fertilizer systems, which include the use of traditional fertilizers: the action of mineral fertilizers and the afteraction of manure, as well as alternative fertilizers – the straw of predecessor with a compensatory dose of N10/t in combination with the white mustard biomass. Keywords: spring barley, predecessor by-products, mineral fertilizers, yield, fertilizer systems, grain quality.

The effect of agrochemical loading on the migration mobile phosphates in profile dark gray podzolized soil

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (93) ◽  
pp. 35-38
Author(s):  
S.G. Korsun ◽  
A.V. Davydiuk ◽  
M.O. Panasiuk
Keyword(s):  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Phosphorus Compounds ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Natural Level ◽  
Systematic Application ◽  
Mobile Phosphorus ◽  
Organic And Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
The Right ◽  
Statistical Results

The purpose of the study was to investigate the direction of migration processes of mobile phosphorus in the dark gray profile of podzolized soil for the long systematic application of various doses of organic and mineral fertilizers. Methods. Laboratory and mathematical-statistical. Results. The results of researches on studying migration processes of mobile phosphorus in the profile of dark gray podzolized soil under the influence of agrochemical loading are given. It was established that the application of mineral phosphates in the dose P74 on the fone of N75K83 and organic fertilizers on the dark gray podzolized soils of the right bank of the Forest steppe is sufficient for the expanded reproduction of the natural level of factor the capacity phosphates for preventing the migration of phosphorus compounds in the lower horizons of the soil.

scholarly journals APPLICATION EFFICIENCY OF THE COMPLEX OF ORGANIC FERTILIZERS IN WINTER WHEAT CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY IN THE FOREST STEPPE OF THE VOLGA REGION

2021 ◽  
Vol 212 ◽  
pp. 74-80
Author(s):  
A. Kh. Kulikova ◽  
◽  
E. A. Yashin ◽  
A. V. Karpov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Biological Product ◽  
Experimental Field ◽  
Wheat Cultivation ◽  
Cultivation Technology

The paper presents results of studying the effectiveness of a complex of organic fertilizers (straw, green manure, biological product) in the technology of winter wheat cultivation. Experimental field studies were carried out on the experimental field of Ulyanovsk State Agrarian University in 2018 - 2020 in a five-field grain-green manure crop rotation: green manure fallow - winter wheat - millet - spring wheat - barley. The experiment scheme included 6 variants: 1. Control, 2. Forecrop straw (barley) + green manure (vetch-oat mixture), 3. Straw + 10 kg N / t straw + green manure, 4. Straw + biological product + green manure, 5. Biological product + green manure, 6.N64P32K54 (NPK). The experiment was carried out in a 4-fold repetition with a randomized placement of plots, the record area of which was 72 m2 (4x18), total - 120 m2 (6x20). Mineral fertilizers are calculated for the planned yield of winter wheat of 4.5 t / ha. “Biocomposite-correct” product produced by AO Shchelkovo Agrokhim was used as a biological fertilizer. The experiment focused on the change of soil agrochemical parameters (typical medium-thick medium-loamy black soil) depending on application of fertilizers, grain yield, its quality and environmental safety; economic assessment of winter wheat cultivation technology with application of fertilizers was conducted. A significant improvement of the soil nutrient regime was found in case of application of a complex of organic methods, which was slightly inferior to the variant with full fertilization. The yield increase of winter wheat grain in case of combined usage of straw, green manure and a biological product was 0.67 t / ha (control - 5.83 t / ha). The usage of a complex 80 of biological techniques for winter wheat cultivation is environmentally safe and cost effective.

Fertilization System as a Factor of Transforming the Humus State of the Soil

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
V. Lopushniak
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Podzolic Soil ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Content Increase ◽  
Energy Reserves ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Stable Forms

Aim. To establish the effect of different fertilization systems in short fi eld crop rotation on the change in the state of humus in the dark gray podzolic soils in Western Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Field studies were carried out in a stationary experiment of the Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry of the L’viv National Agrarian University; determination of humus content – according to DSTU 4289:2004, and that of its labile forms – in accordance with DSTU 4732:2007, fraction-group composition – by Ponomare- va-Plotnikova’s method, according to the measurement procedure 31-497058-008-2002. Results. The use of organo-mineral fertilizer system in short fi eld crop rotation with the saturation of organic fertilizers of 15 t/ha of crop rotation contributes to the humus content increase by 0.7 % after the third rotation in 0–40 cm layer of dark gray podzolic soil, the increase in the share of stable forms of humic compounds up to 57–59 % and the increase in the ratio of R HA :R FA to 1.3–1.4. The study demonstrated very high dependence of amount of gross energy reserves in the humus on the R HA :R FA ratio. Conclusions. The combined application of organic fertili- zers in the form of manure, non-market of the crop (straw) and siderate, along with mineral fertilizers is re- commended in short fi eld crop rotations of Western Forest-Steppe of Ukraine toensure expanded reproduction of fertility of dark gray podzolic soil, improvement of its humus status, increase in gross energy reserves and the share of the stable forms and humic acids in the humus.

The efficiency of the crop rotations with short rotation with different levels of their saturation of cereals and crops in the conditions of Western Forest-Steppe

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (92) ◽  
pp. 62-68
Author(s):  
R. Holod ◽  
О. Bilinska ◽  
H. Shubala
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Water Regime ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Field Crop ◽  
Soil Water Regime ◽  
Short Rotation ◽  
Arable Farming ◽  
Green Manure Crops

There were analyzed and disclosed the basic components of arable farming systems and their Meaning, the current state and scientific principles in the context of the further development of field crop cultivation in the conditions of Western Forest-Steppe. The purpose of research. To study an effect of alternation of crop in crop rotation in conditions of brief rotation on the soil water regime, productivity and economic efficiency. Methods. Field, laboratory, comparative and analytical. Results. The results of researches on study of productivity of four-field crop rotations with short rotation depending on their saturation by the grain and tilled cultures, of various use of mineral fertilizers, green manure crops and collateral products which were conducted during 2014-2015 in the stationary experiment of the scientific and technological department of plant growing and arable farming, of the TDSGDS of the IKSGP of NAAN are resulted In the article. The elements of the biologization of farming are the basis of our development of crop rotations with short rotation. The study of the effect of green manure crops and collateral products in four-field crop rotations with a different set of crops on the change of soil fertility and productivity of crop rotations as a whole was carried out to this purpose. According to the results of the research, is provided the information on the effectiveness of improving the field crop rotations with short rotation with varying degrees of saturation by grain and tilled crops, that ensure the production of environmentally friendly products, reducing the cost of grain, improving the quality of marketable products. The study of the effect of alternation of crop in crop rotation in conditions of brief rotation on the soil water regime, productivity and economic efficiency showed that an increase in crop rotation productivity is observed in short-rotation crop rotations, if they are saturated by grain crops up to 100%, cereals crops reduction to 50% in crop rotations contributes to a decrease in crop productivity. Conclusion. Thus, the results of the research showed that with the correct construction of short rotational crop rotations, such problems as rational use of nutrients and soil moisture, control of weeds and pests of agricultural crops, improvement of the physical and chemical properties of the soil, increased efficiency in the use of fertilizers and equipment, Cheapening of the received agricultural product may be solved.

scholarly journals Monitoring of the agrochemical state of agricultural chernozems of the forest-steppe zone of the central chernozem region of Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 03018
Author(s):  
A.V. Surinov
Keyword(s):  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Sunflower Seeds ◽  
Forest Region ◽  
Central Chernozem

The Borisovsky district of the Belgorod region, located in the south-west of the forest-steppe zone of the Central Forest Region, was chosen for the study. The study covered an 11-year period, during which 3 cycles of agrochemical soil survey were conducted in the district - in 2010, 2016 and 2020. Analyzing the use of mineral and organic fertilizers, an increase in crop yield indicators was noted. Thus, an increase in the dose of organic fertilizers (up to 1.96 t/ha) and mineral fertilizers (up to 127.2 kg/ha) made it possible to obtain 5.13 t/ha of winter wheat, 4.19 t/ha of spring barley, 7.9 t/ha of corn for grain and 3.29 t/ha of sunflower seeds. In addition, the content of macro and microelements in the soil has changed. The active fight against soil acidity affected the content of available forms of phosphorus and zinc, the indicators of which decreased slightly.

scholarly journals Scientific bases of the humus stabilization in ordinary chernozem in Russia

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Oleg Goryanin ◽  
Anatoly Chichkin ◽  
Baurzhan Dzhangabaev ◽  
Elena Shcherbinina
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Ordinary Chernozem ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Middle Volga Region

<p>The influence of long-term use of mineral and organic fertilizers, crop rotations, plant residues, soil treatment systems on humus content of common chernozems and stabilization of productivity of field crops in the arid conditions of the Middle Volga region is considered on the example of researches in the Samara area. The zone climate of field experiments is characterized as extremely continental. The sum of the active temperatures (above 10°C) is 2,800-3,000°C. The average annual rainfall is 454.1 mm with fluctuations over the years from 187.5 mm to 704.6 mm. At some years, precipitation does not happen within a month or more. Hydrothermal index in May-August is 0,7, the duration of the frost-free period is 149 days. If the humus content in the region is 4.35-4.52%, then, it is necessary to introduce 6.7-8.0 t/ha of manure per year to maintain the balance of the deficit. The introduction of biological methods for the conservation and reproduction of soil fertility (green fertilizers, perennial grasses, straw as fertilizer) reduces the loss of humus by 0.15-0.24 t/ha. This makes it possible to increase the payback of mineral fertilizers, which must be taken into account when developing fertility reproduction systems for soils. In the variants with minimal and differentiated cultivation of the soil during crop rotation in 30 years of the study, the loss of humus in the 0-30 cm layer decreased by 0.04 - 0.73% (43-789 kg per year with maximum values in the combination of direct seeding of spring crops with deep loosening for a number of crop rotations is 4.14%, significantly exceeding the control (by 0.54%). The decrease in soil fertility in the variants with constant plowing and minimal tillage contributed to an increase in the conjugation of productivity of crops with humus. Based on the research, in order to preserve the fertility of the soil of ordinary chernozem, it is necessary to use green fertilizer, leguminous perennial grasses. In the regional rotations of crop production, new generation technologies are recommended, the basis of which is differentiated tillage with the use of crushed straw as fertilizer.</p>

scholarly journals Agro-economic substantiation of the feasibility of green manured fallow in sugar beet crop rotations of the Central Chernozem Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 02001
Author(s):  
Alexander Akimenko ◽  
Vyacheslav Sviridov ◽  
Tatiana Dudkina
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Typical Chernozem ◽  
Central Chernozem Region ◽  
Sugar Beet Crop ◽  
Absolute Decrease ◽  
Central Chernozem

The aim of the study is to find out the feasibility of including green manured fallow in specialized sugar beet crop rotations by comparing necessary assessment indicators with their values in a traditional crop rotation with black fallow against the background of unequal fertilization levels. The study was based on the analysis of experimental data from a long-term stationary experiment, laid out simultaneously in all fields and variants on typical chernozem in triplicate. The results are as follows: within the same fertilization levels, no significant differences in the yield of winter wheat (sugar beet precursor) were revealed, and the yield of sugar beet in a crop rotation with green manured fallow was stably higher (no more than 5 to 7%), an increase in yield relative to the control fertilizer variant (6 tons of manure per hectare per year) against the background of a double rate of manure in combination with mineral fertilizers amounted to 21.7 to 23.4% for wheat and 14.3 to 15.6% for beets with an increase in the productivity of crop rotations (in natural and value terms) by 1.2 times, but an increase in costs by 1.3 times caused an absolute decrease in the level of profitability by 23 to 25%. Differences in the assessment indicators for specific fertilization variants increased over time due to an unequal degree of soil fertility reproduction, and therefore in the fifth cycle of the crop rotation with black fallow turned out to be 1.1 to 1.3 times greater than in the green manured rotation.

scholarly journals Efficiency of fertilization systems in the short crop rotation of the Forest-Steppe of the Western Ukraine

2019 ◽  
pp. 93-101
Author(s):  
A. L. Kyrylesko
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Energy Estimation ◽  
Energy Accumulation ◽  
Energy Assessment ◽  
Western Ukraine

The results of the energy assessment of the crop rotation chain in the Forest-Steppe of the Western Ukraine, humus balance in the soil, nitrogen circulation and plant residues are presented. It has been established that all the proposed fertilization systems are effective in terms of energy accumulation. It has been proved that application of mineral fertilizers in combination with organic fertilizers increases Kee values by 1.2 times. The results of energy estimation of a crop rotation link in the northern part of Forest Steppe of Ukraine are presented. It is established that effective in terms of the energy accumulation are all the proposed fertilizer systems. It is proved that the application of mineral fertilizers in the combination with organic ones increases Kee indices 1.2 times.

POTASSIUM BALANCE IN THE SOIL AND THE EFFECTIVENESS OF POTASSIUM DEFICIENCY SYSTEM OF FERTILIZATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
Н. M. Hospodarenko
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Field Crop ◽  
Heavy Loam ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
The Right

The influence of long-term application of different doses and ratios of mineral fertilizers in field crop rotation on the content of basic nutrients in grain and straw of spring barley has been established. The study was held in the conditions of podzolic black heavy loam soil of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The relative nutrients removal by spring barley depending on the doses of different types of fertilizers and their combinations in the field crop rotation is calculated. It is shown that the content of basic nutrients in the harvest of spring barley (grain and straw) significantly depends on the content of their mobile compounds in the soil. This is especially true of nitrogen and less of potassium. Economic removal of nutrients from the grain harvest of spring barley depends on the doses of fertilizers in the field crop rotation and the ratio of nutrients in them. The largest share is nitrogen (65–122 kg / ha), followed by K2O - 47–92 and P2O5 26–51 kg / ha. From 1 ton of grain and the corresponding amount of straw, spring barley of the Commander variety removes 19.2–22.4 kg of nitrogen, 7.8–9.2 - P2O5 and 14.0–16.8 kg of K2O from the soil, depending on the fertilizer and saturation of field crop rotation with different types of fertilizers. Straw is an important source of soil organic matter reproduction and the return of nutrients used for crop formation. Depending on the system of fertilization, 17–25% of nitrogen, 25–30% of phosphorus and 68–69% of potassium are returned to the soil with spring barley straw via economic removal. It is specified that spring barley of the Commander variety absorbs N, P2O5 and K2O in the following ratio: 1: 0,4: 0,3 to form a unit of grain yield and the corresponding amount of straw in the conditions of podzolic black heavy loam soil of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe.

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