scholarly journals Influence of fertilizer systems on spring barley yield under conditions of the Right Bank Forest Steppe

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-77
Author(s):  
G. P. Voitova
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
White Mustard ◽  
Research Results ◽  
The Right

The research results of the influence of fertilizer systems on the productivity of spring barley in the Right-bank Forest Steppe were presented. Traditionally fertilized backgrounds were studied: mineral, organic and organomineral (with half fertilizer rates of previous backgrounds), and the alternative to organic matter was cereal straw and biomass of green manure crops. The best backgrounds and optimal fertilizer systems for high level of grain yield were determined. The main factors that formed the productive plant density of spring barley were the rates and types of fertilizers. The improving of plant nutrition due to using of organic and mineral fertilizers led to an increase in the productive plant density in the agrocenosis and the competitiveness of plants, the reducing of weed infestation. Depending on the type of fertilizer, the grain yield of spring barley changed. Based on the research results, it was found that the combination of traditional fertilization with the application of alternative types of organic matter increased the grain yield of barley spring compared to the control variant on mineral background within 1.61–2.04 t/ha, organic – 1.69–2.14 t/ha, organomineral – 1.79–2.19 t/ha. At the same time, the yield indicators had a range: 4.86–5.29 t/ha on the mineral, 4.94–5.39 t/ha – organic and 5.04–5.44 t/ha organomineral background. The highest yield of spring barley was provided by a combined fertilizer system with half norms both mineral fertilizer and manure against the background of the afteraction of predecessor straw with compensatory dose of N10/t and green manure biomass of white mustard as organic fertilizer, and equaled of 5.44 t/ha (yield gain was 2.19 t/ha compared to control). The optimal fertilizer systems to increase of spring barley yield in conditions of the Right Bank Forest Steppe are combined mineral, organic and organomineral fertilizer systems, which include the use of traditional fertilizers: the action of mineral fertilizers and the afteraction of manure, as well as alternative fertilizers – the straw of predecessor with a compensatory dose of N10/t in combination with the white mustard biomass. Keywords: spring barley, predecessor by-products, mineral fertilizers, yield, fertilizer systems, grain quality.

POTASSIUM BALANCE IN THE SOIL AND THE EFFECTIVENESS OF POTASSIUM DEFICIENCY SYSTEM OF FERTILIZATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
Н. M. Hospodarenko
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Field Crop ◽  
Heavy Loam ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
The Right

The influence of long-term application of different doses and ratios of mineral fertilizers in field crop rotation on the content of basic nutrients in grain and straw of spring barley has been established. The study was held in the conditions of podzolic black heavy loam soil of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The relative nutrients removal by spring barley depending on the doses of different types of fertilizers and their combinations in the field crop rotation is calculated. It is shown that the content of basic nutrients in the harvest of spring barley (grain and straw) significantly depends on the content of their mobile compounds in the soil. This is especially true of nitrogen and less of potassium. Economic removal of nutrients from the grain harvest of spring barley depends on the doses of fertilizers in the field crop rotation and the ratio of nutrients in them. The largest share is nitrogen (65–122 kg / ha), followed by K2O - 47–92 and P2O5 26–51 kg / ha. From 1 ton of grain and the corresponding amount of straw, spring barley of the Commander variety removes 19.2–22.4 kg of nitrogen, 7.8–9.2 - P2O5 and 14.0–16.8 kg of K2O from the soil, depending on the fertilizer and saturation of field crop rotation with different types of fertilizers. Straw is an important source of soil organic matter reproduction and the return of nutrients used for crop formation. Depending on the system of fertilization, 17–25% of nitrogen, 25–30% of phosphorus and 68–69% of potassium are returned to the soil with spring barley straw via economic removal. It is specified that spring barley of the Commander variety absorbs N, P2O5 and K2O in the following ratio: 1: 0,4: 0,3 to form a unit of grain yield and the corresponding amount of straw in the conditions of podzolic black heavy loam soil of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe.

scholarly journals Elements of biologization to ensure high energy and economic efficiency of sugar beet growing under the conditions of the Podillia

Bioenergy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. P. Voitova
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Biological System ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
The Right

Purpose. To study the ways of improving energy and economic efficiency of sugar beet cultivation based on the biological system of fertilizer grain-beet crop rotations under the conditions of sufficient moisture, the right-Bank forest-Steppe. Methods. Laboratory and field, statistical. Results. The results of studies on ways of improving energy and economic efficiency of sugar beet cultivation based on the biological system of fertilizers in grain-beet crop rotations under the conditions of sufficient moisture in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe are presented, which included technology for sustainable cultivation of sugar beet under the conditions of an acute shortage of organic fertilizers. The technology includes the following elements of biologization: straw, green manure biomass was used as an alternative organic fertilizer directly under sowing of pre-crop. The positive results of increasing energy and economic efficiency of sugar beet is shown. Conclusions. In the acute shortage of organic fertilizers, it is required to use mineral fertilizers and basic elements of biologization, such as green manure, crop residues, and perennial grasses and legumes as pre-crops. This will contribute to the increase in the value of the gross output of feedstock, energy-economic viability and sustainability of agricultural systems in agronomic sense.

Changes in organic part of the soil and acid-base balance depending on green manure fertilization in podzolized chernozem

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
G. Hospodarenko ◽  
O. Lysianskyi
Keyword(s):  
Green Manure ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Sweet Clover ◽  
White Mustard ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Oilseed Radish ◽  
Bare Fallow ◽  
The Impact

Aim. To study the changes in the content and stock of organic substances as well as the reaction of the soil en- vironment depending on the impact of different types of fertilization of green-manured fallows. Methods. Field studies were conducted on podzolized heavy loamy chernozem, on loess, in conditions of Right-Bank Forest- Steppe of Ukraine. Experimental design included: sweet clover with the seeding rate of 20 kg/ha, white mustard – 20, oilseed radish – 20, spring vetch – 150, and buckwheat – 150 kg/ha with the following fertilization variants: no fertilizers – control; N 40 ; P 40 K 40 ; N 40 K 40 ; N 40 P 40 ; N 40 P 40 K 40 ; N 80 P 40 K 40 . The content of total carbon and nitrogen were defi ned using Anstett’s method, modifi ed by Ponomariova and Nikolaeva; the content of total humus in the soil prior to sowing winter wheat (the impact of green manure for a year) – according to DSTU 4289:2004, pH of the water extract – according to DSTU ISO 10390:2007. Results. Nitrogen-carbon ratio was in the range from 11.1 to 11.8 in the biomass of leguminous crops and from 18.8 to 20.7 – in root remains, and its highest value was observed in root remains of Brassicaceae crops – from 28.8 to 34.5 depending on doses and types of mineral fertilizers. Compared to bare fallow, green manure fertilization promotes humus preservation in the soil. The de- crease in the level of humus intension of the soil by 0.01–0.04 % was registered both in the surface and subsurface layers in conditions of bare fallow compared to green-manured fallow. 1.67 t/ha of humus is mineralized in the soil of bare fallow. The transformation of green manure biomass allows accumulating 1.15–2.05 t/ha of humus depending on doses and types of mineral fertilizers. When the Cruciferae family (white mustard and oilseed rad- ish) are used as green manure, the isohumus index is 1.52–1.55, 1.67–1.69 – for the Leguminosae (annual sweet clover and spring vetch), and 1.52–1.60 – for buckwheat, depending on fertilization. The humifi cation coeffi cient for vegetative biomass of oilseed radish is 0.023, for spring vetch – 0.027, for buckwheat – 0.033, for white mustard – 0.035, and for annual sweet clover – 0.036. The administration of different doses and types of mineral fertilizers conditions the decrease in the coeffi cient of green manure fertilization. Conclusions. The application of green manure both with and without fertilizers compared to bare fallow promotes the preservation of humus content in the soil. The transfer of calcium from lower layers to the arable soil layer, performed by the plant root system in green-manured fallow, decreases active acidity of the soil.

scholarly journals POTASSIUM BALANCE IN THE SOIL AND THE EFFECTIVENESS OF POTASSIUM DEFICIENCY SYSTEM OF FERTILIZATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 42-46
Author(s):  
Н. M. Hospodarenko
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Potassium Content ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Field Crop ◽  
Temporary Reduction ◽  
Potassium Balance ◽  
The Right

The influence of long-term application of potassium-deficient fertilizer system in the field crop rotation (winter wheat, corn, spring barley, soybeans) on podzolic heavy loam black earth of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine on potassium content in plants, its costs for formation of one unit of the harvest was determined; potassium balance was calculated and the effectiveness of different doses of potassium fertilizers was comprehensively assessed. It was found that the potassium content in grains and seeds of agricultural crops under the influence of potassium fertilizers varies by no more than 8%, while in straw and stalks - by 10-24% depending on the variant of the experiment. It is shown that the non-grain part of the crop contains a significant part of potassium - 50-80% of economic removal depending on the crop. It is calculated that if it is left in the field for fertilizer in the variant of the experiment Basis + K80, it compensates for the consumption of potassium by 71%. By applying K40 and K80on the basis of applying N110P60 and leaving the non-commodity part of the crop in the field for fertilizer, the balance of potassium in the soil is formed positive with intensity of 111 and 212%, respectively. According to the index of complex assessment, which takes into account seven indicators: payback of 1 kg of mineral fertilizers; additionally conditionally net profit; net energy profit; humus balance and intensity of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium balance, the best variant of the experiment is application of N110P60K40 per 1 ha of field crop rotation area. This indicates the possibility of a temporary reduction in the dose of potassium fertilizers in field crop rotation on podzolic heavyloam black earth in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

scholarly journals Influence of mineral fertilizers and inoculation on the formation of individual and seed productivity of soybean in conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Step

1970 ◽  
pp. 82-92
Author(s):  
О.V. Furman
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Individual Productivity ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right

Purpose. To establish the effect of seed inoculation with a microbial preparation of multifunctional action based on nitrogen-fixing and phosphorus-mobilizing bacteria and different doses and terms of mineral fertilizing on formation of individual and seed productivity of soybeans in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe. Methods. Field (to study the interaction of the object of study with biotic and abiotic factors), test sheaf (to determine the individual productivity of plants), harvesting (to determine the seed yield), statistical (to determine the probability of research results), comparative calculation. Results. According to the research results, the most favourable conditions for the optimal parameters of plants individual productivity formation of early-maturing soybean of the Vilshanka and medium-ripening Suzirya varieties were created due to the seeds inoculation by phosphonitragin and mineral fertilizing in the dose of N30P60K60 + N15 in the phase of budding, what positively affected the level of yield as a whole. Conclusions. The technology model for intensive growing of the Vilshanka and Suzirya soybean varieties, which involves the use of seeds inoculation by a bacterial preparation based on strains of nodule bacteria (Br. Japonicum) and phosphate-mobilizing microorganisms (B. mucilaginosus) and introduction of N30P60K60 in the main fertilizing and extra-feeding with N15 provided the highest values of individual and seed productivity: the number of beans (24.7 and 28.8 pcs/plant, respectively), the number of seeds (51.0 and 56.1 pcs/plant), the weight of 1000 seeds (147.2 and 144.6 g), yield (2.91 and 3.17 t/ha). The organized factors ensured the optimal height of the lower bean attachment on the plant, which had a positive effect on yield preservation and facilitated mechanized harvesting. Improving the technology of growing the Vilshanka and Suzirya soybean varieties on the basis of bacterial and mineral nutrition has led to the highest level of profitability, respectively 124 and 160%, and energy efficiency ratios (2.20 and 2.40).

scholarly journals FOLIAR FEEDING AS A FACTOR IN INCREASING THE LEVEL OF GRAIN PRODUCTIVITY OF SPRING BARLEY

2020 ◽  
pp. 223-234
Author(s):  
Valentyna Tynko
Keyword(s):  
Spring Barley ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Row Crops ◽  
Biological Products ◽  
The Right

The article presents the results of spring barley crops and the effect of foliar fertilization on them. Prospects and effectiveness of biological products as a basic fertilizer for cereals. Spring barley is a valuable food, fodder and technical crop. Pearl barley and barley groats are made from vitreous and coarse-grained two-row barley grain. Most barley is used for feed purposes. In 1 kg. grain contains 1.2 feed units and 100 g of digestible protein. Spring barley contains a lot of protein (9-12%), carbohydrates (70-75%), pentazoles (7-11%), sucrose (1.7-2%), fiber (3.8-5.5%), fat (1.6-2%), ash (2-3%). Spring barley grain is characterized by high nutritional value and is widely used in feed production, confectionery, brewing. However, in the dynamics of its yield there are significant fluctuations, which is associated with both agro-climatic conditions and organizational and economic. Having a short growing season, underdeveloped root system, the culture is quite demanding on the provision of basic factors of plant life, including nutrients. The system of fertilization of spring barley is determined primarily by predecessors. It has a valuable ability to make the best use of the aftereffects of organic and mineral fertilizers applied to the previous crop. If spring barley is sown after well-fertilized row crops (sugar beet, potatoes), under which 40-50 t / ha of manure and mineral fertilizers are applied within N80P80K80 - N120P120K120, then fertilizers are not applied directly under barley at all. Against this background, barley with proper care can form 40-50 kg / ha of grain. It is clear that in case of incomplete supply of sugar beets or potatoes with fertilizers, barley will require additional application of macronutrients. Barley responds very well to fertilizer application, especially in conditions of sufficient moisture. The increase in yield from mineral fertilizers can reach 15-20 kg / ha. To prevent lodging of plants, it is necessary to ensure the correct ratio of nutrients - nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Given the condition of the soil cover and low volumes of fertilizer application, we consider the issues of optimization of mineral nutrition of spring barley to be relevant and in need of refinement. An important component of the plant nutrition system is the use of microfertilizers. Therefore, the purpose of our research is to establish the reaction of spring barley to the complex use of microfertilizers, crop formation and grain quality in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine [3] Key words: spring barley, foliar feeding, biological products.

scholarly journals Forming The Microbial Complex Type Chornozem in Agrofitocenosis of Various Barley for Rise Farming Systems

2019 ◽  
pp. 39-48
Author(s):  
M. O. Kiroyants
Keyword(s):  
Functional Organization ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Microbial Complex ◽  
Taxonomic Groups ◽  
The Right

Microbial coenosis is one of the most diverse and widespread types of spatial-functional organization of living groups on Earth. The article presents the results of studies that rely on the study of the qualitative and quantitative composition of the microbial complex, which transforms the organic matter of typical black soil of spring barley cultivation in various farming systems. The study of the typical microbial flora of the black soil was carried out on the basis of the stationary field experience of the Department of Agriculture and Herbology of NULES of Ukraine "Agronomic Experimental Station". The territory of the studied field is located in the right-bank part of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The experiments were conducted on biological, ecological and industrial systems of agriculture; processing - plowing and superficial; and the system of noutil as a control was also studied. The number of microorganisms of the main physiological and taxonomic groups was determined by the method of sowing soil suspensions on the respective elective nutrient media. In the article a comparative analysis of the formation of the microbial complex of typical blck soil in spring barley agrophytocenoses was conducted. The qualitative composition of the microbial complex was studied on the basis of the representation of morphological and cultural types. According to the results of the analysis, the level of differentiation of the number of major physiological and taxonomic groups of microorganisms of the rhizosphere of plants was studied. One of the main goals of the study is the long-term development, formation and realization of the best agents of the rhizospheric environment of the RSL to optimize the growth and development of barley against the backdrop of reducing the use of mineral fertilizers

scholarly journals Influence of fertilization with green manure and treatment on yield, economic and energy efficiency of spring barley

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-68
Author(s):  
K.S. Karabach ◽  
◽  
E.M. Berezhniak ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Typical Chernozem ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
The Impact

The influence of the application of fertilizers with green manure and soil treatment on the yield, economic and energy efficiency of spring barley has been studied. The aim of the work was to identify the impact of the implemented tillage systems with elements of minimization and fertilization with elements of biologization on the productivity and economic performance of spring barley. It is established that in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine the aftereffect of application of high norms of organic and mineral fertilizers on typical chernozem has a positive effect on spring barley yield, increasing it, compared to control, by 0.55–1.10 t/ha per plowing, by 0, 65–1.35 t/ha for deep tillage and 0.55–1.30 t/ha for shallow tillage. It was found that the highest crop yield (3.85 t/ha) was obtained against after shallow tillage and aftereffects of fertilizer application with manure. The use of fertilizers helped to increase the protein content in the grain of spring barley. The influence of tillage systems on the protein content of barley was reliably noted only in the variant of fertilizers with straw & green manure. The use of shallow tillage with organic manure and fertilizer provides a decrease of 142.9 UAH/t of the cost of production, an increase of 886 UAH/ha of net profit and a 21.2% reduction in energy consumption compared to plowing.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS AND PLANT DENSITY ON YIELD FORMATION OF CORN GRAIN IN NORTHERN FOREST-STEPPE OF THE AVERAGE VOLGA REGION

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
Anatoliy Andreevich Moiseev ◽  
Aleksey Vladimirovich Sidorov ◽  
Alexander Vasilievich Ivoylov
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Northern Forest ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Plant Stand ◽  
Yield Formation ◽  
Different Doses

The results of research on the influence of plant stand density and different doses of mineral fertilizers on the formation of grain yield of early-maturing maize hybrid on dark-gray forest medium-loam soil are presented. It is established that with increase in planting rates decreased indices of grain yield, grain mass of one cob and number of grains in one cob, and a mass of 1 000 grains. The use of fertilizers increased the weight of grain from the cob by 55.0-84.4 %, the lake content of the cob – by 24.9-40.9 %, and the absolute weight of grain-by 23.1-31.8 % compared to the variants without fertilizers. At the same time, the best indicators were obtained when N90 and N120 were added to the NQC. The application of mineral fertilizers increased the grain yield, on average, by 76.4-112.8% in relation to the control (2.97 t/ha). The largest increase was provided by the introduction of N90P30K30 and N120P30K30-2.95 and 3.35 t / ha. the highest efficiency of fertilizers was noted against the background with a density of 65 thousand plants/ha-an increase relative to the control of 80.1-121.5 %.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF TECHNOLOGICAL METHODS OF SPRING BARLEY OF GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE RIGHT BANK FOREST-STEPPE ZONES

2020 ◽  
pp. 89-107
Author(s):  
Oleh Kolisnyk
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Weather Factors ◽  
Biological Products ◽  
Spring Variety ◽  
Technical Factors ◽  
The Right ◽  
Ground Mass

The barley is traditionally one of the leading cereal crops and occupies significant areas in Ukraine. However, despite the great potential of crop productivity, the yield and gross harvests of its grain are low and unstable by year, which is due to a complex of meteorological, agrobiological and agro-technical factors. The cumulative manifestation of negative factors or phenomena, or the significant prevalence of one of them, determines the size of the annual crop failure. The research was to identify the agrobiological features of spring barley and define the need to develop effective technological measures for its cultivation, aimed at increasing the adaptability of plants to adverse environmental conditions, taking into account the variation of weather factors, the genotype of the variety, its response to the use of micro and macro-fertilizers appropriate doses, methods and timing of their use depending on the preceding crops (winter wheat, corn a) in the conditions of economy. To achieve this goal it was supposed to solve the following problems: - to establish the influence of technological measures of cultivation on field germination and density of standing plants of spring barley; - to investigate the features of growth, development and formation of the density of plant stem depending on the precursor and the use of micro- and macro-fertilizers and biological products; - to find out the influence of complex application of mineral fertilizers and biological products on assimilation activity and water consumption of crops - determine the growth rate of the above-ground mass of plants under the influence of the investigated agromeasures; - to identify the peculiarities of the elements formation of the ear structure, yield and quality of grain under the influence of the complex action of agro-technical factors; The scientific novelty of the study is determined by the fact that, for the first time, , the patterns of plant growth and development, the productivity of barley spring variety Sovir are revealed in the conditions of the Forest-Steppe of the Right Bank. It is theoretically substantiated and experimentally proved the possibility of stabilizing the productivity of spring barley crops by enhancing the adaptive functions of plants by selecting preceding crops, using biological products and fertilizers. The results of the influence of the complex application of micro- and macro-fertilizers and biological products on the growth processes of spring barley, the peculiarities of the increase of the above-ground mass of plants, the formation of elements of the structure of the yield, the economic evaluation of the studies. Key words: barley, hydrothermal conditions, inoculation, structural analysis, grain, yield.

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