scholarly journals Changes of Partial Pressure of Carbon Dioxide in Arterial Blood (PaCO2) and Respiratory Rate (RR) in Pregnant Women

2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (Number 1) ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
D K Sunyal ◽  
Md. R Amin ◽  
MH Md. R ◽  
GM Kibria ◽  
G M Molla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of

In the present study the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood (PaC0:1 and respiratory rate (RR) were studied in pregnant and non-pregnant women in Dhaka city. Far this purpose a total 32 women for PaCO)and 100 women for RR with age ranging front 25 ...ears le 35 years without any recent history of respiratory diseases were selected. Normal pregnant women were taken as e.yperimental group and healthy nor-pregnant ...omen as return!. Data was collected during first trimester. second trimester and third trimester in pregnant women and also nompregnant women. The PaCOrwas determined by using 'EASY BLOOD GAS .0TO INALMER" and RR was recorded. The PaCO, and RR during different trimesters of pregnant .rumen were compared with that of non-pregnant 11.1101. Statistical analysis was drum with .tudents '1' rest. The PeCOr was significantly lower in first trimester, second trimester and third (rimester of pregnant women than that of non-pregnant women. Similarly, RR was significantly higher in first trimester. second trimester and third trimester of pregnant women than that of nonpregnant women. Again RR was significantly higher in third trimester than in first trimester and second trimester of pregnant women. There were no statistically significant difference of PaCO, among first trimester. second trimester and third trimester of pregnant women. Similarly, there were no statistically significant difference of RR between first trimester and second trimester of pregnant women. It may be concluded from the study that the progressively decreased PaCO• and increased RR throughout Me pregnancy were most likely MP be related to the effect of progesterone-induced hyperventilation. Hypermfilation in pregnancy is due to hypersensitivity of respiratory centre. Due to hyperventilation there is expel out of CO, miming decrease in PaC0r and increase in RR during pregnancy.

scholarly journals Progressive Decline of Partial Pressure of Carbon dioxide and Bicarbonate levels in Arterial Blood of Pregnant Women

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 13-16
Author(s):  
Dipok Kumar Sunyal ◽  
Md Ruhul Amin ◽  
MH Molla ◽  
MA Momen Talukder ◽  
Abida Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Women Subjects ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
Respiratory Centre ◽  
Experimental Group

 In the present study the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) and bicarbonate ion (HCO3-) in arterial blood was estimated in 32 women in Dhaka city. For this purpose a total 32 women subjects with age ranged from 25 years to 35 years without any recent history of respiratory diseases were selected and divided into 8 healthy non-pregnant women as control and 24 normal pregnant women as experimental group. Experimental group was further divided into 8 first trimester, 8 second trimester & 8 third trimester of pregnant women. The PaCO2 and HCO3- were estimated by using "Easy Blood Gas Auto Analyzer". The PaCO2 and HCO3- were estimated during the 1st, 2nd, 3rd trimesters of pregnant women and non-pregnant women. The mean of measured values of PaCO2 and HCO3-were analyzed statistically in relation to 1st, 2nd, 3rd trimesters of pregnant women & non-pregnant women. The PaCO2 and HCO3- were significantly lower in 1st trimester, 2nd trimester & 3rd trimester of pregnant women than that of non-pregnant women. There were no statistically significant difference of PaCO2 and HCO3- between the 1st trimester and 2nd trimester; between the 1st trimester and 3rd trimester; and between the 2nd trimester and 3rd trimester of pregnant women. It may be concluded that the causes of progressively decreased PaCO2 and HCO3- throughout the pregnancy were most likely to be due to effect of progesterone causing hyperventilation. Hyperventilation in pregnancy is due to hypersensitivity of respiratory centre. Due to hyperventilation, there is expelling out CO2 and HCO3- causing decreases PaCO2 and HCO3- during pregnancy. doi: 10.3329/jbsp.v3i0.1788 J Bangladesh Soc Physiol.2008 Dec;(3):13-16.

scholarly journals Study of Forced Vital Capacity in Pregnant Women

2007 ◽  
Vol 9 (Number 2) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
D K Sunyal ◽  
Md. R Amin ◽  
M H Molla ◽  
A Ahmed ◽  
S Begum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Forced Vital Capacity ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Women Subjects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
Experimental Group

In the present study. Forced Vital Capacity (PVC) suit estimated in 100 women in Dingo city. For this purpose a total 100 women subjects with age ranged from 25 years to 35 years withow any recent history of respiratory diseases were selected. 75 normal pregnant women as experimental group and 25 healthy non-pregnant women as control. Eiperintemed group included 25 first trimester. 25 second trimester and 25 third trimester of pregnat women. The FVC was estimated by using a automatic spironteter during the first. second and third trimester of pregnant women and also in non-pregnant control. The mean of the measured values of PVC were analysed statistically. The PVC was significantly lower in third trimester of pregnant women than that of non-pregnant women. Again the FVC was significantly haver he third trimester than that of first trimester of pregnant women. There were no statistically significant difference of PVC bentren the nonpregnant and first trimester: ',email the non-pregnant and second trimester; henveen the first trimester and second trimester: and between the second ',integer and third trimester of pregnant women. h may be concluded dun the causes of progressively decreased FVC throughout the pregnancy were most likely to he mechanical effects of progressively increasing uterus that progressively decrease the hum rolume capacity.

scholarly journals Physiological Adjustment of Arterial Blood Gases and Bicarbonate ION During Pregnancy in Human

1970 ◽  
pp. 10-12
Author(s):  
Dipok Kumar Sunyal ◽  
Md Ruhul Amin ◽  
Abida Ahmed ◽  
Mir Rabaya Akhter ◽  
Golam Morshed Molla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Blood Gases ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Women Subjects ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Entire Pregnancy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Experimental Group

In the present study the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2), carbon dioxide (PaCO2) and bicarbonate ion (HCO3-) in arterial blood were estimated in 32 women in Dhaka city. For this purpose a total of 32 women subjects with age ranged from 25 years to 35 years without any recent history of respiratory diseases were selected. Of those, 8 healthy non-pregnant women were included as control and 24 normal pregnant women as experimental group. The PaO2, PaCO2 and HCO3- were estimated during the first, second and third trimester by using 'easy blood gas auto analyzer'. The PaO2 was significantly higher during entire pregnancy period. However, the PaCO2 and HCO3- were significantly lower in first, second and third trimester of pregnant women than that of non-pregnant women. There were no statistically significant difference of PaO2, PaCO2 and HCO3- ion among first trimester, second trimester and third trimester. The progressively increased PaO2, decreased PaCO2 and HCO3- ion throughout the pregnancy is possibly due to the effect of progesterone causing hyperventilation. DOI: 10.3329/bjpp.v23i1.5724Bangladesh J Physiol Pharmacol 2007; 23(1&2) : 10-12

scholarly journals Maternal Serum Levels of Alpha Tumour Necrotic Factor, Interleukin 10, Interleukin 6 and Interleukin 4 in Malaria Infected Pregnant Women Based on Their Gestational Age in Southeast, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
Obeagu, Emmanuel Ifeanyi ◽  
Esimai, Bessie Nonyelum ◽  
Ekelozie, Ifeoma Stella ◽  
Asogwa Eucharia Ijego ◽  
Amaeze Augustine Amaeze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tumour Necrotic Factor

Malaria has been reported as a condition caused by infestation with Plasmodium parasite species, is a major public health problem globally especially in developing countries like Nigeria. This study was carried out in Federal Medical Centre Umuahia in Abia State, Nigeria. A study was done to determine the maternal serumlevels of alpha tumour necrotic factor, interleukin 10, interleukin 6and interleukin 4 in malaria infected pregnant women based on their gestational age in Southeast, Nigeria. A total of 150 subjects between the ages of 18-45 years were recruited for the study comprising of fifty (50) subjects each of the 3 trimesters. Commercial ELISA Kit by MELSIN Medical Co Limited was used to measure all the cytokines. The results of Table 1 showed no significant difference of TNF-α (p=0.346), IL-10 (p=0.059), IL-6 (p=0.811) and IL-4 (p=0.257) of malaria infected pregnant women at first trimester and second trimester respectively. The results of Table 2 showed no significant difference of TNF-α (p=0.642), IL-10 (p=0.678), IL-6 (p=0.551) and IL-4 (p=0.280) of malaria infected pregnant women at first trimester and third trimester respectively. The results of Table 2 showed no significant difference of TNF-α (p=0.062), IL-10 (p=0.016), IL-6 (p=0.352) and IL-4 (p=0.914) of malaria infected pregnant women at first trimester and third trimester respectively. The study showed no changes in the cytokines studied among the malaria infected pregnant women based on gestational ages except when IL-10 was compared between the subjects on second trimester and third trimester. This study shows that malaria infection does not changes these cytokines in pregnant women based on gestational ages except the il-10 when compared at second trimester and third trimester but changes when compared at other trimesters.

scholarly journals Assessment of Percentage Saturation of Hemoglobin with Oxygen in Arterial Blood of Pregnant Women

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 10-13
Author(s):  
DK Sunyal ◽  
MR Amin ◽  
MH Molla ◽  
A Ahmed ◽  
S Ferdousi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Progesterone Level ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Percentage Saturation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Experimental Group

Objective: Percentage saturation of hemoglobin with oxygen in arterial blood (SaO2) was studied in pregnant women to evaluate the lung function status in pregnancy. Methods: This study was conducted in the department of physiology in Dhaka medical college during July 2004 to June 2005. For this purpose total 32 women with age ranged 25-35 years without any recent history of respiratory diseases were selected from Dhaka city. Eight (8) age matched apparently healthy women was taken as control and Twenty four (24) normal pregnant women without any complication were included in experimental group. All pregnant subjects were studied during first, second and third trimester. SaO2 was determined by “Easy Blood Gas Auto Analyzer”. SaO2 during different trimesters were compared with that of non pregnant and also among the trimesters. Statistical analysis was done by students unpaired ‘t’ test. Result: Mean ±SD SaO2 during first trimester (97.73%±0.92), second trimester (98.05%±0.54) and third trimester (98.40%±0.30) were progressively increasing and were significantly higher (p<0.05, p<0.001, p<0.001) than that of non pregnant women (96.71±0.63). But no statistically significant differences were observed among the trimesteric values. The present result indicates increased lung function in pregnant women associated with progressively increased oxygen saturation with trimester. Higher progesterone level is related to increased ventilation which is more marked in luteal phase of menstrual cycle. In pregnant women gradually rising progesterone level reaches its peak at the later part of pregnancy. Conclusion: Therefore it may be concluded from the present study that progressively increased SaO2 might be related to hyperventilation induced by high progesterone level. Key words: Pregnant women, trimester, progesterone J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2006 Dec;(1):10-13.

scholarly journals Headaches during pregnancy in women with a prior history of menstrual headaches

2005 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 934-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliana Melhado ◽  
Jayme A. Maciel Jr ◽  
Carlos A.M. Guerreiro
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
International Headache Society ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third ◽  
Ihs Classification ◽  
History Of ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the presence of menstrual headaches prior to pregnancy according to the International Headache Society (IHS) classification criteria, 2004, and also study the outcome (frequency and intensity) of these pre-existing headaches during the gestational trimesters. METHOD: This study involved 1,101 pregnant women (12 to 45 years old). A semi-structured questionnaire was used to interview the women during the first, second and third gestational trimesters as well as after delivery. All the interviews were conducted by one of the researchers by applying the IHS Classification (IHSC-2004). RESULTS: A 1,029 women out of the 1,101 women interviewed presented headaches prior to gestation, which made it possible to study headaches in 993 women during the gestational trimesters. Menstrually related headaches were presented by 360 of the 993 women. Migraine was reported by 332/360 women (92.22%) with menstrual headaches and 516/633 women (81.51%) without menstrual headaches, respectively, prior to gestation. The majority of the women with menstrual migraine presented a headache improvement or disappearance during gestation (62.22% during the first trimester; 74.17% during the second trimester; 77.78% during the third trimester). CONCLUSION: Most of the pregnant women with menstrual or non-menstrual headaches prior to gestation presented migraine, which either improved or disappeared during pregnancy. Women who suffered from non-menstrual headaches improved during pregnancy but not as much as women with menstrual headaches.

Feasıbılıty of Transcutaneous Method for Carbon Dıoxıde Monıtorıng in an Intensive Care Unıt

2022 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazlıhan Boyacı ◽  
Sariyya Mammadova ◽  
Nurgül Naurizbay ◽  
Merve Güleryüz ◽  
Kamil İnci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Peripheral Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Arterial Blood Gas ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Transcutaneous partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PtCO2) monitorization provides a continuous and non-invasive measurement of partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2). In addition, peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) can also be measured and followed by this method. However, data regarding the correlation between PtCO2 and arterial pCO2 (PaCO2) measurements acquired from peripheric arterial blood gas is controversial. Objective: We aimed to determine the reliability of PtCO2 with PaCO2 based on its advantages, like non-invasiveness and continuous applicability. Methods: Thirty-five adult patients with hypercapnic respiratory failure admitted to our tertiary medical intensive care unit (ICU) were included. Then we compared PtCO2 and PaCO2 and both SpO2 measurements simultaneously. Thirty measurements from the deltoid zone and 26 measurements from the cheek zone were applied. Results: PtCO2 could not be measured from the deltoid region in 5 (14%) patients. SpO2 and pulse rate could not be detected at 8 (26.7%) of the deltoid zone measurements. Correlation coefficients between PtCO2 and PaCO2 from deltoid and the cheek region were r: 0,915 and r: 0,946 (p = 0,0001). In comparison with the Bland-Altman test, difference in deltoid measurements was -1,38 ± 1,18 mmHg (p = 0.252) and in cheek measurements it was -5,12 ± 0,92 mmHg (p = 0,0001). There was no statistically significant difference between SpO2 measurements in each region. Conclusion: Our results suggest that PtCO2 and SpO2 measurements from the deltoid region are reliable compared to the arterial blood gas analysis in hypercapnic ICU patients. More randomized controlled studies investigating the effects of different measurement areas, hemodynamic parameters, and hemoglobin levels are needed.

scholarly journals Serum adipocytokines and adiposity as predictive indices of preeclampsia

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Tijani Bawah ◽  
Francis Agyemang Yeboah ◽  
Salifu Nanga ◽  
Huseini Alidu ◽  
Robert A. Ngala
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background This study was aimed at determining the levels of serum adiponectin, leptin, resistin, visfatin and lipids during the first trimester in pregnant women and to evaluate the relationship between these biochemical markers and preeclampsia (PE). Available evidence point to changes in the levels of these adipokines in PE hence this study examined the potential of using these biomarkers in the prediction of the disease. Methods This was a case-control study which compared first trimester serum biochemical and anthropometric parameters in pregnant women who subsequently developed PE and those who did not. Blood pressure and urine protein were determined after 20 weeks of gestation and diagnosis of PE performed according to the guidelines of the American Heart Association. Results There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the lipid profile with the exception of HDL cholesterol which was significantly lower (p = 0.043) in the PE group compared to the normotensive group. There were, however, significant differences (p <  0.05) in the adipokines between the PE group and those without PE. Analyses of area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) for the adipokines, showed their ability to correctly predict PE even after controlling for body mass index (BMI) and family history of hypertension. Conclusion Adiponectin, leptin, resistin and visfatin were found to be significant predictors of PE, with resistin being the best predictor after controlling for BMI. However, adiponectin was the best predictor after controlling for BMI, age, parity and family history of diabetes and preeclmapsia.

scholarly journals Thrombin Generation in Chinese Pregnant Women and the Effect of Insulin Use on Thrombin Generation in Patients with GDM

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 107602961986349
Author(s):  
Feng Dong ◽  
Longhao Wang ◽  
Chengbin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Thrombin Generation ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Control Blood Glucose ◽  
Normal Ranges ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference

Pregnancy is a hypercoagulable state associated with an increased risk of venous thrombosis. Calibrated automated thrombogram (CAT) is a test to monitor the thrombin generation (TG), a laboratory marker of thrombosis risk, and increases during normal pregnancy, but it is still unclear whether TG is related to the use of insulin in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). We performed thrombin generation by CAT on 135 normal pregnant women, including 43 in first trimester, 32 in second trimester, 60 in third trimester, respectively; 68 pregnant women with GDM were also enrolled, 19 patients with GDM using insulin to control blood glucose and 49 patients control their blood glucose through diet and exercise with noninsulin treatment. The overall CAT parameters were calculated using descriptive statistics method with mean ± standard deviation. Mean endogenous thrombin potential, peak thrombin generation, and StartTail time increased significantly with the pregnancy. There was no significant difference in TG test parameters except StartTail time( P = .003) in insulin-treated GDM group when compared to those without insulin in the GDM group. The normal ranges for CAT parameters in pregnant women were determined. Thrombin generation increased significantly in first trimester and remains stable in second and third trimester. The use of insulin in patient with GDM did not affect thrombin generation test. Our study helps to establish the reference range of thrombin generation in Chinese normal pregnant population and provide more basis to predict the risk of thrombus complicating during pregnancy.

scholarly journals Lactobacillus iners Is Associated with Vaginal Dysbiosis in Healthy Pregnant Women: A Preliminary Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Nengneng Zheng ◽  
Renyong Guo ◽  
Yinyu Yao ◽  
Meiyuan Jin ◽  
Yiwen Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Vaginal Microbiota ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Premature Rupture Of Membranes ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Premature Rupture ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bacterial Marker ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Vaginal dysbiosis has been identified to be associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as preterm delivery and premature rupture of membranes. However, the overall structure and composition of vaginal microbiota in different trimesters of the pregnant women has not been fully elucidated. In this study, the physiological changes of the vaginal microbiota in healthy pregnant women were investigated. A total of 83 healthy pregnant participants were enrolled, who are in the first, second, or third pregnancy trimester. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to explore the abundant bacteria in the vaginal microbiota. No significant difference in the abundance of Gardnerella, Atopobium, Megasphaera, Eggerthella, Leptotrichia/Sneathia, or Prevotella was found among different trimesters, except Lactobacillus. Compared with the first pregnancy trimester, the abundance of L. iners decreased in the second and third trimester while the abundance of L. crispatus was increased in the second trimester. Moreover, we also found that vaginal cleanliness is correlated with the present of Lactobacillus, Atopobium, and Prevotella and leukocyte esterase is associated with Lactobacillus, Atopobium, Gardnerella, Eggerthella, Leptotrichia/Sneathia, and Prevotella. For those whose vaginal cleanliness raised or leukocyte esterase became positive, the richness of L. iners increased, while that of L. crispatus decreased significantly. Our present data indicated that the altered vaginal microbiota, mainly Lactobacillus, could be observed among different trimesters of pregnancy and L. iners could be considered as a potential bacterial marker for evaluating vaginal cleanliness and leukocyte esterase.

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