scholarly journals Serum adipocytokines and adiposity as predictive indices of preeclampsia

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Tijani Bawah ◽  
Francis Agyemang Yeboah ◽  
Salifu Nanga ◽  
Huseini Alidu ◽  
Robert A. Ngala
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background This study was aimed at determining the levels of serum adiponectin, leptin, resistin, visfatin and lipids during the first trimester in pregnant women and to evaluate the relationship between these biochemical markers and preeclampsia (PE). Available evidence point to changes in the levels of these adipokines in PE hence this study examined the potential of using these biomarkers in the prediction of the disease. Methods This was a case-control study which compared first trimester serum biochemical and anthropometric parameters in pregnant women who subsequently developed PE and those who did not. Blood pressure and urine protein were determined after 20 weeks of gestation and diagnosis of PE performed according to the guidelines of the American Heart Association. Results There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the lipid profile with the exception of HDL cholesterol which was significantly lower (p = 0.043) in the PE group compared to the normotensive group. There were, however, significant differences (p <  0.05) in the adipokines between the PE group and those without PE. Analyses of area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) for the adipokines, showed their ability to correctly predict PE even after controlling for body mass index (BMI) and family history of hypertension. Conclusion Adiponectin, leptin, resistin and visfatin were found to be significant predictors of PE, with resistin being the best predictor after controlling for BMI. However, adiponectin was the best predictor after controlling for BMI, age, parity and family history of diabetes and preeclmapsia.

scholarly journals Comparison of Maternal and Fetal Outcomes in Parturients With and Without a Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 647-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inês Carolina Siqueira Freitas ◽  
Micheli Cristiane Hintz ◽  
Larissa Chaiane Orth ◽  
Tamara Gonçalves da Rosa ◽  
Betine Moehlecke Iser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Diabetes Diagnosis ◽  
Fetal Outcomes ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of

Abstract Objective The present study aims to compare the maternal and fetal outcomes of parturients with and without a gestational diabetes diagnosis. Methods A case-control study including parturients with (cases) and without (control) a gestational diabetes diagnosis, who delivered at a teaching hospital in Southern Brazil, between May and August 2018. Primary and secondary data were used. Bivariate analysis and a backward conditional multivariate logistic regression were used to make comparisons between cases and controls, which were expressed by odds ratio (OR), with a 95% confidence interval (95%CI) and a statistical significance level of 5%. Results The cases (n = 47) were more likely to be 35 years old or older compared with the controls (n = 93) (p < 0.001). The cases had 2.56 times greater chance of being overweight (p = 0.014), and a 2.57 times greater chance of having a positive family history of diabetes mellitus (p = 0.01). There was no significant difference regarding weight gain, presence of a previous history of gestational diabetes, height, or delivery route. The mean weight at birth was significantly higher in the infants of mothers diagnosed with diabetes (p = 0.01). There was a 4.7 times greater chance of macrosomia (p < 0.001) and a 5.4 times greater chance of neonatal hypoglycemia (p = 0.01) in the infants of mothers with gestational diabetes. Conclusion Therefore, maternal age, family history of type 2 diabetes, obesity and pregestational overweightness are important associated factors for a higher chance of developing gestational diabetes.

scholarly journals Relationship Parity and Contraception with Mild Preeclampsia at Puskesmas Jagir

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Rizky Pradana Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Family History ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Calcium Supplementation ◽  
Chronic Hypertension ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Maternal Characteristics ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mild Preeclampsia

Mild preeclampsia is the frequent disease experienced by pregnant women in Puskesmas Jagir in 2011-2014. The number of mild preeclampsia in Puskesmas Jagir keep increase significantly. The purpose of this study is to analyze the association between the characteristics, family history and calcium supplementation in pregnant women with mild preeclampsia at Puskesmas Jagir Surabaya. The type of research is non-reactive research with case control design. Subjects was taken from the population using simple random sampling. The variables studied were age, body weight changes, parity, family history of preeclampsia, contraception, family history of diabetes mellitus, family history of chronic hypertension, and calcium supplementation. The statistical test was Chi-square test with α = 0.05, odds Ratio is calculated by value with 95% confidence interval (CI 95%). Variables associated with mild preeclampsia is a maternal characteristics such as parity (p = 0.001, OR 0.17) and contraception (p = 0.019, OR = 5.636). Variables that are not associated with mild preeclampsia is a maternal characteristics such as the form of changes in body weight during pregnancy, age, and family history of diabetes mellitus in the form of family history and family history of hypertension and calcium supplementation. There is a association between parity and contraception with mild preeclampsia.Keywords: mild preeclampsia, parity, contraception 

scholarly journals Interaction Analysis of Lipid Accumulation Product and Family History of Diabetes on Impaired Fasting Glucose and Diabetes Risk in Population with Normotension in Eastern China: A Community-based Cross-sectional Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Shu ◽  
Yingying Zhao ◽  
Yanqi Shen ◽  
Xiaolu Li ◽  
Mengting Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Impaired Fasting Glucose ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Lipid Accumulation Product ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background: Lipid accumulation product (LAP) is considered to be a new convenient useful indicator to assess the visceral fat. However, the association between LAP and family history of diabetes remains an undetermined concept. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the risk factors of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and diabetes, and explore the possible interacting influences of LAP with other factors on the risk of IFG and diabetes among Chinese normotension adults.Methods: A multistage stratified cluster sampling method was conducted to select urban residents aged 45-86 years in Bengbu, China. For each eligible participant, data on questionnaire survey, anthropometric measurements and laboratory tests were obtained. LAP was calculated and divided into four categories according to quartile. The effects of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist to height ratio (WHtR) and LAP for predicting IFG and diabetes were performed by multiple logistic regressions and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses. The interaction effects were evaluated by relative excess risk of interaction (RERI), attributable proportion due to interaction (AP) and synergy index (SI). If the 95% CI of RERI and AP do not include 0, the 95% CI of SI do not include 1, the interactions are statistically significant. Results: 6467 normotension subjects (2695 men and 3772 women) were enrolled in our study, the prevalence of IFG and diabetes were 9.37% and 14.33%, respectively. It was revealed that the prevalence rates of IFG and diabetes were gradually increased according to increasing LAP quartiles (P for trend <0.001). When assessed using ROC curve analysis, LAP exhibited higher diagnostic accuracy for identifying IFG and diabetes than BMI, the area under the AUC curve was 0.650 (95% CI: 0.637 to 0.662). After adjustment for age, sex, educational level and other confounding factors, multivariate logistic regression analyses indicated that subjects with the fourth quartile of LAP were more likely to develop IFG (adjusted OR: 2.735, 95% CI: 1.794-4.170) and diabetes (adjusted OR: 1.815, 95% CI: 1.297-2.541) than those with the first quartile. A significant interaction between LAP and family history of diabetes was observed in participants (RERI=1.538, 95%CI: 0.167 to 3.612; AP=0.375, 95%CI: 0.118 to 0.631; SI=1.980, 95%CI: 1.206 to 3.251), but there is no statistically significant difference between LAP and general obesity. However, a significant interaction between LAP and abdominal obesity was indicated by the value of RERI (1.492, 95%CI: 0.087 to 3.723) and AP (0.413, 95%CI: 0.014 to 0.756), but not the value of SI (1.824, 95%CI: 0.873 to 3.526). Conclusion: LAP significantly associates with IFG and diabetes risk in the study population, it has better performance than BMI, WC and WHtR. Apart from that, our results also demonstrated that there might be synergistic effect between LAP and family history of diabetes on the risk of IFG and diabetes.

scholarly journals Leptin, resistin and visfatin as useful predictors of gestational diabetes mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Tijani Bawah ◽  
Mohammed Mustapha Seini ◽  
Albert Abaka-Yawason ◽  
Huseini Alidu ◽  
Salifu Nanga
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Lipids and adipokines including leptin, resistin and visfatin play various roles in the pathophysiology of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM). This study was aimed at determining whether serum leptin, resistin and visfatin are significantly altered during the first trimester of pregnancies that subsequently develop GDM and whether such changes are useful in predicting the disease. Methods This was a case-case control study which compared first trimester biochemical and anthropometric parameters in 70 pregnant women who subsequently developed GDM and 70 pregnant women without GDM at the Volta Regional Hospital, Ho, Ghana. Lipid profile and some selected adipokines were analyzed and first trimester body mass index (BMI) was determined. Results There were significant differences (p < 0.05) in leptin, resistin, and visfatin as well as significant dyslipidemia among those with GDM compared to those without GDM. Furthermore, the area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves (AUCs) for leptin, resistin and visfatin were; 0.812, 0.836 and 0.799 respectively. Increased first trimester leptin (OR = 1.166; CI = 1.104–1.233; p < 0.0001), resistin (p < 0.0001) and visfatin (p < 0.0001) were associated with GDM. Conclusion Hyperleptinemia, hyperesistinemia and hypervisfatinemia precede GDM and can serve as good predictive indices for gestational diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Prevalence and cause of gestational diabetes mellitus in a tertiary care center in Kolar district: a population based study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 2709
Author(s):  
Poojita Tummala ◽  
Munikrishna M. ◽  
Kiranmayee P.
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Family History ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is carbohydrate intolerance at the onset of pregnancy which induces pathological short term or long term outcomes for both mother and baby. The aim of the present study was to know the prevalence of GDM in pregnant women who were attending the antenatal care (ANC) center at a tertiary care hospital in Kolar, Karnataka, India.Methods: This prospective study was conducted in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, a constituent of Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research, Kolar, Karnataka, India. The duration of the study was two months. In this study, 108 pregnant women above 24 weeks of gestation were screened for GDM by oral glucose tolerance test. Fasting 2 milli liter blood was collected and were given 75 grams of glucose in 200 milli liters of water and asked to drink within 5 minutes. Again 2 milli liters venous blood was collected after 1 hour and 2 hours from all participants. Plasma sample was used for the estimation of glucose by glucose oxidase and peroxidase (GOD-POD) method.Results: Out of 108, 12 women (11.1%) were diagnosed with GDM. The prevalence rate was higher in the age group of 26-30 years (41.6%).  Among 12 diabetic women, five (47.2%) exercised regularly and seven (58.3%) did not doing exercise. Out of 12 GDM subjects, eight of them had family history of diabetes in first degree relatives; among which one was hypertensive and five were suffering from thyroid problems.Conclusions: In the present study, the prevalence of GDM was found to be 11.1%. Prevalence of GDM might be influenced by increasing age, pre pregnancy weight, family history of diabetes, past history of pregnancy complications, status of literacy and exercise.

scholarly journals Prevalence of pre-gestational diabetes among the antenatal women attending a tertiary care center

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renji S. R. ◽  
Sujatha Thankappan Lekshmi ◽  
Nirmala Chellamma
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Tertiary Care Center ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of

Background: Number of pregnant women with preexisting diabetes is increasing. Hence the detection and management of diabetes from the beginning of pregnancy itself will help to improve the fetal and maternal outcome. Aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of pre-gestational diabetes among the antenatal women attending a tertiary care center and to study the associated factors.Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted in SAT hospital, Government Medical College, Trivandrum, Kerala, India for one year. HbA1C was the test used to diagnose diabetes. 400 women attending the OP in their first trimester were selected after informed consent. Socio demographic factors assessed by a structured questionnaire.  Blood samples were taken for HbA1C. Diagnosis of diabetes was made at levels of HbA1C ≥6.5%. Statistical tests used were mean, standard deviation, chi-square and odds ratio.Results: Prevalence of pre-gestational diabetes was 3.8%.in our study. Main associations were age more than 25 years, body mass index, family history of diabetes, history of intra uterine death, gestational diabetes in previous pregnancy, candidiasis and thyroid disease.Conclusions: Screening of all pregnant women in first trimester itself for diabetes will help in early detection of pre-gestational diabetes, so that anticipation of adverse outcomes and proper management can be done in such cases.

scholarly journals Serum Magnesium Levels among Pregnant Women with and without Complications: A Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santhini Gopalakrishnan Sethulekshmi ◽  
S Sumathy ◽  
Banani Dutta
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Magnesium Deficiency ◽  
Serum Magnesium ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
Student’S T

Introduction: Pregnancy is a period that is characterised by remarkable physiological changes which are needed to support the growing fetus. Micronutrients play a crucial role in the maintenance of pregnancy. Among the micronutrients, magnesium has got ample amount of clinical relevance to pregnancy. Magnesium deficiency has been associated with reproductive risk during pregnancy such as anaemia, pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, fetal growth retardation, preterm labour, low intrauterine growth rate and leg cramps. Aim: To find out whether there was significant difference in the magnesium levels among pregnant women with and without pregnancy related complications and also to find out whether the magnesium levels differed significantly among the three trimesters. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study done among 240 pregnant patients from different trimesters attending the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Outpatient Department. Out of them 164 women had complications like pre-eclampsia, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, leg cramps and history of abortions. Demographic details were obtained from all the women. BMI was calculated for each subject using the formula BMI=weight(kg)/height(m2). Haemoglobin was assessed in all samples using cyanmethaemoglobin method. Magnesium levels were analysed in the all samples using automated analyser in the Biochemistry laboratory. Student’s t-test was used to compare the levels of magnesium among the groups with and without complications. ANOVA test was used to compare the three trimesters. Results: The pregnant women were divided into three groups based on the different trimesters in which the samples were taken. Magnesium levels among the women in the first trimester were (2.96±0.83) second trimester (2.99±1.48) and third trimester (3.05±1.48) respectively. Women with previous abortions were found to have less magnesium levels (2.71) compared to women without a history of abortion (3.11) and value was found to be statistically significant (p<0.007) and magnesium levels among vegetarians (2.45) were lower than non vegetarians (3.08) and it was found to be statistical significant (p<0.013). There was no significant difference in the magnesium levels among pregnant women with complications and those without complications. Conclusion: The study shows the importance of maintaining the magnesium levels among pregnant women. There was no difference in the magnesium levels among the three trimesters. Study also points out the influence of parity, diet and occupation of pregnant women on the levels of magnesium.

scholarly journals Risk Prediction of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus In Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Based On A Nomogram Model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peilin Ouyang ◽  
You Yiping ◽  
Jia Xiaozhou ◽  
Yang Liqin
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Family History ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of

Abstract Women with polycystic ovary syndrome are prone to develop gestational diabetes mellitus, a disease which may have significant impact on the postpartum health of both mother and infant. We performed a retrospective cohort study to develop and test a model that could predict gestational diabetes mellitus in the first trimester in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Our study included 520 pregnant women who were referred to the obstetrics department between December 2017 and March 2020 with a diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome. Of these women, 171 were diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus in the second trimester. Univariate analysis revealed that in the first trimester, parity, family history of diabetes, age, body mass index (BMI), testosterone, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride(TG), total cholesterol(TC), fasting plasma glucose(FPG), Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1C), diastolic blood pressure(DBP)，and insulin levels were predictive factors of gestational diabetes mellitus (P<0.05). Logistic analysis revealed that TG, age, HbA1C, Insulin, TC, BMI and family history of diabetes were independent risk factors for gestational diabetes mellitus. The area under the ROC curve of the gestational diabetes mellitus risk prediction model was 0.917 in this retrospective analysis, demonstrating the great ability to predict. The sensitivity and specificity of the prediction model were 0.814 and 0.871, respectively. The Hosmer–Lemeshow test also showed a good fit to the test.

scholarly journals Changes of Partial Pressure of Carbon Dioxide in Arterial Blood (PaCO2) and Respiratory Rate (RR) in Pregnant Women

2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (Number 1) ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
D K Sunyal ◽  
Md. R Amin ◽  
MH Md. R ◽  
GM Kibria ◽  
G M Molla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of

In the present study the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood (PaC0:1 and respiratory rate (RR) were studied in pregnant and non-pregnant women in Dhaka city. Far this purpose a total 32 women for PaCO)and 100 women for RR with age ranging front 25 ...ears le 35 years without any recent history of respiratory diseases were selected. Normal pregnant women were taken as e.yperimental group and healthy nor-pregnant ...omen as return!. Data was collected during first trimester. second trimester and third trimester in pregnant women and also nompregnant women. The PaCOrwas determined by using 'EASY BLOOD GAS .0TO INALMER" and RR was recorded. The PaCO, and RR during different trimesters of pregnant .rumen were compared with that of non-pregnant 11.1101. Statistical analysis was drum with .tudents '1' rest. The PeCOr was significantly lower in first trimester, second trimester and third (rimester of pregnant women than that of non-pregnant women. Similarly, RR was significantly higher in first trimester. second trimester and third trimester of pregnant women than that of nonpregnant women. Again RR was significantly higher in third trimester than in first trimester and second trimester of pregnant women. There were no statistically significant difference of PaCO, among first trimester. second trimester and third trimester of pregnant women. Similarly, there were no statistically significant difference of RR between first trimester and second trimester of pregnant women. It may be concluded from the study that the progressively decreased PaCO• and increased RR throughout Me pregnancy were most likely MP be related to the effect of progesterone-induced hyperventilation. Hypermfilation in pregnancy is due to hypersensitivity of respiratory centre. Due to hyperventilation there is expel out of CO, miming decrease in PaC0r and increase in RR during pregnancy.

scholarly journals Risk Factors Associated with Gestational Diabetes among Pregnant Women in Owerri Municipal Council, Southeastern Nigeria

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
JC Nwaokoro ◽  
CO Emerole ◽  
SNO Ibe ◽  
AN Amadi ◽  
INS Dozie
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Southeastern Nigeria ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of

Background Gestational diabetes is emerging as a serious public health problem in Nigeria where the largest number of people with diabetes in Africa occurs. Current studies in Nigeria give an overall prevalence of gestational diabetes as 13.4% among pregnant women with unidentified risk factors. Aims and Objectives This study aimed at investigating the risk factors associated with gestational diabetes. Materials and Methods A cross-section analytical study design was adopted for this research and comprising a total of 100 pregnant women receiving ante-natal health care service at the Federal Medical Center, Owerri. A structured questionnaire including a set of detailed pre-determined questions was administered on the subjects. Data collected were analyzed statistically, using chi-square and T test. Results The results obtained suggest that there is a significant relationship (p<0.05) between previous macrosomic baby, parity, previous history of caesarean section, family history of diabetes and occurrence of gestational diabetes, respectively. However, there is no significant relationship (p>0.05) between history of miscarriages and stillbirth, socioeconomic status and occurrence of gestational diabetes. A family history of diabetes is independently and significantly associated with the development of gestational diabetes itself even after adjusting for other risk factors. Conclusion This study will be a working tool to guide obstetricians and midwives in counseling and advising women of their risk of developing GDM. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v5i1.8302 Asian Journal of Medical Science Vol.5(1) 2014 pp.39-46  

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