State and Performance of Water Retention Structures of Earthen Irrigation Dams in Northern Ghana

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
T. A. Adongo ◽  
F. K. Abagale ◽  
G. Kranjac-Berisavljevic
Keyword(s):  
Field Observation ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Structural Defects ◽  
Northern Ghana ◽  
Key Informants ◽  
Storage Reservoirs ◽  
State Of Water ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Retention Structures

The study assessed performance and state of water retention infrastructure of eight (8) irrigation schemes in three (3) northern regions of Ghana. Data was collected using field observation and key informants’ interviews. The results indicated that the Tono and Bontanga earthen irrigation dams’ embankments had no structural defects whereas the embankments of Libga, Golinga, Karni, Vea, Doba and Sankana had some structural defects. Except Libga, all the spillways had no structural deficiencies and signs of risk of failure. All the reservoirs contained some amounts of sediments and weeds. The night storage reservoirs at Tono and Vea were weedy and silted up. The developed irrigable areas of Vea, Tono, Doba, Sankana and Karni schemes had average irrigation rates ranging from 12 - 76 % for the years 2010 - 2017. The water retention infrastructure of the irrigation schemes are recommended for maintenance and periodic repairs to ensure sustainable water retention and availability for crop irrigation.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF THE FOREIGN SECTOR ON THE LEVEL OF ECONOMY DEVELOPMENT OF THE BORDER NORTHERN REGIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (4/2020) ◽  
pp. 85-94
Author(s):  
M. V. Moroshkina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Location ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Location Factor ◽  
The North ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
Article Analysis ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
And Performance ◽  
National Economies ◽  
The Impact

The northern and border regions are remote from the main economic centers of the country. Geographical location is not only a limitation, but also a competitive advantage, which is determined by proximity to economically developed national economies and greater opportunities for interaction. The main goal of the study is to assess the impact of the geographical factor on development dynamics. The object of the study is the border northern regions of the NWFD, Russia and Finland. The study uses a set of methods and tools to analyze the dynamics of the development of territories with a border and northern location. Within the framework of this article, analysis is carried out on the basis of statistical methods of research. Analytical work is based on the information base of Rosstat and data from Internet sources. As part of the study, the level of Russian-Finnish relations in the investment component vector is determined. An assessment of foreign investment in the context of federal districts was made, which made it possible to distinguish the influence of the geographical location factor. Indicators of labor productivity in the national and foreign sectors in the regions of the North-Western Federal District have been determined. The dependence of the productivity indicator on the geographical location of the territory was investigated.The conclusions of the Territory, having a geographical position favorable for foreign economic activity, are not able to fully take advantage of its competitive advantages. The study identified a low level of dependence between geographical location and performance. The results will help to shape the directions of increasing this indicator and can be used in strategic and program documents.

scholarly journals 9 Degrees North: The ABCs of North Ghana

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Dalmer
Keyword(s):  
Red Deer ◽  
Public Libraries ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Northern Ghana ◽  
School Students ◽  
University Of Alberta ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
The University ◽  
Made In

Tools for Schools Africa Foundation. 9 Degrees North: The ABCs of North Ghana. Red Deer, Alberta: Tools for Schools Africa Foundation, 2011. Print. Since 2003, Tools for Schools Africa Foundation has been working to increase educational opportunities in northern Ghana. A registered charity based out of Red Deer, Alberta, they have been working to advance the quality of life of those living in the northern regions of Ghana by improving access to post-primary education. One of their recent projects includes the publication of an ABC book for primary school students. 9 Degrees North: The ABCs of North Ghana is an amazing piece of beautiful artistry; each letter colourfully depicting animals, activities, plants, traditions, history and other aspects of Ghanaian life. Each of the 26 letters is illustrated by a different artist, allowing readers to be introduced to a variety of artistic mediums, including oils, pastels, watercolours and pencil. The artistry from letter to letter is unique, featuring different uses of colour and technique, yet each image is consistently impressive. The accessible and well-written sentences that accompany each illustration introduce readers to Bolga baskets (grass baskets made in Bolgatanga), Kapok trees (used by people and farm animals for its shade), Oware (the national game of Ghana), and the Black Volta River (full of crocodiles) amongst many other interesting facts and features about this country. In addition to the few sentences used to explain the illustrations associated with each of the 26 letters, there is a detailed appendix with additional facts about the object or focus of each letter which could serve as a useful teaching tool for using this book in the classroom. The appendix also includes several additional photographs and paintings of Ghana. 9 Degrees North: The ABCs of North Ghana is highly recommended for elementary school libraries as well as public libraries. With its varied and vibrant illustrations, and with proceeds from the sale of this book supporting scholarships for girls in northern Ghana, this will also make an excellent addition to any reader’s collection. Highly recommended: 4 out of 4 stars Reviewer: Nicole Dalmer Nicole Dalmer is a Public Services Librarian at H.T. Coutts Education & Physical Education Library at the University of Alberta. She is interested in health literacy, pinball, and finding the perfect cup of coffee to accompany a good read.

scholarly journals Effect of small water retention structures on diffusive CO2 and CH4 emissions along a highly impounded river

Inland Waters ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lluís Gómez-Gener ◽  
Marina Gubau ◽  
Daniel von Schiller ◽  
Rafael Marcé ◽  
Biel Obrador
Keyword(s):  
Water Retention ◽  
Ch4 Emissions ◽  
Small Water ◽  
Retention Structures

scholarly journals Metastable State of Water and Performance of Osmotically Driven Membrane Processes

Membranes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haifeng Zhang ◽  
Jie Wang ◽  
Ken Rainwater ◽  
Lianfa Song
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Pressure ◽  
Metastable State ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Hydraulic Pressure ◽  
Membrane Thickness ◽  
Semipermeable Membranes ◽  
Membrane Processes ◽  
State Of Water ◽  
Fundamental Reason ◽  
And Performance

Semipermeable membranes play critical roles in many natural and engineering systems. The osmotic pressure is found experimentally much less effective than the hydraulic pressure to drive water through the membrane, which is commonly attributed to the internal concentration polarization (ICP) in the porous layer of the membrane. In this study, it has been shown that a necessary condition for the osmotic pressure to be effective is water continuity across the entire membrane thickness under negative pressure, i.e., the water inside the membrane remains in a metastable state. However, the metastable state of water cannot be maintained indefinitely, and cavitation will undoubtedly occur in the osmotically driven processes. Collapse of the water metastable state was suggested for the first time to be a more important and fundamental reason for the low water fluxes in the osmotically driven membrane processes.

About Russian Old-timers' Performing Style in the Northern Regions of the Udmurt Republic

10.34690/209 ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 166-175
Author(s):  
Евгения Анатольевна Склярова
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Features ◽  
Performance Techniques ◽  
Local Tradition ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
Udmurt Republic ◽  
Round Dance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Local Traditions

Статья посвящена исследованию некоторых аспектов исполнительского стиля русских старожилов северных районов Удмуртской Республики на примере песенных жанров, включенных в календарную обрядность (песни святочных гаданий «Илею», колядки, хороводные, лирические песни). Экспедиционные материалы показывают, что темброво-тесситурные особенности и исполнительские приемы приобретают значение типичных элементов песенного стиля исследуемого ареала, свидетельствуя о единстве музыкального фольклора русских старожилов наряду с самобытными чертами местных локальных традиций. В статье указываются способы фиксации фольклорно-этнографического материала в экспедиционных условиях, которые дают возможность воссоздать фольклорные записи, представить звучащие песни включенными в определенный контекст, с учетом особенностей их функционирования; раскрываются сведения о том, кем, когда, в каком пространстве и как исполнялись колядки, песни святочных гаданий «Илею», хороводные и лирические песни. Эти сведения позволяют сделать вывод о некогда активном бытовании перечисленных жанров, об их значимости в местной традиции. Певческие приемы («петь на ростяг», «скольжения-переходы», взятия и сбросы дыхания), темброво-тесситурные, динамические особенности песенных форм, точные высказывания носителей традиции о звучании различных жанров музыкального фольклора углубляют знания об исследуемой культуре, позволяют воссоздать ее своеобразный звуковой облик, а также выявить музыкально-выразительные средства, характерные и для других песенных традиций. Article is devoted to the study of some aspects of the performing style of Russian old-timers in the Northern regions of the Udmurt Republic on the example of genres included in the calendar rites (songs of YuLe divination “ILeyu,” Christmas carols, round dance and Lyrical songs). The expedition materials show that timbre and tessitura indicators and performance techniques are becoming typicaL elements of the performing styLe in the studied areas. They point to the unity of the Russian old-timers musical folklore along with the original features of LocaL traditions. The articLe reveaLs the ways to record foLkLore and ethnographic materiaL in expeditions. It aLLows us to recreate foLkLore texts, imagine sounding songs incLuded in a certain context, taking into account the pecuLiarities of their functioning. This work provides detaiLed answers to the questions of who was performing the caroLs, songs of YuLe divination “Ileyu,” round dance and LyricaL songs, testifying to the once active existence of the Listed genres, their importance in the Local tradition. Singing techniques (singing “narostyag” (“stretching” signing), sLiding transitions, taking and resetting breath), timbre and tessitura, as weLL as dynamic features of song forms, accurate expressions of the bearers of tradition about the sounding of various genres of musical folklore deepen knowLedge about the cuLture under study, aLLow us to recreate its originaL sound appearance and identify musical and expressive means characteristic of other song traditions.

Determinants of Crop Diversification and Its Effects on Household Food Security in Northern Ghana

2020 ◽  
pp. 097674792093681
Author(s):  
Abdul Razak Baba ◽  
Abdul-Malik Abdulai
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Northern Ghana ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Crop Diversification ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Food Security Status ◽  
Northern Regions

This study analyses factors that determine smallholder farmers’ crop diversification decisions and their effects on household food security in Northern Ghana. A total of 1,284 households were sampled across the five northern regions of Ghana. Herfindahl Index for measuring crop diversification was used. The study found average crop diversity to be 0.55 and about 61 per cent of the sampled farmers had values above the average which indicated high crop diversification in the study area. The study also estimated the determinants of crop diversification and their effects on household dietary food security using the conditional mixed process model. Upon examining the determinants of crop diversification, occupation, technology adoption, labour, extension contact and farm size were identified as significant determinants. The study also computed the Household Food Consumption Score as a proxy for measuring food security. The result indicated that crop diversification contributes significantly to improving household food security status in Northern Ghana.

Preparation and Performance of Super-Absorbent Resin Using Polyacrylonitrile Fiber Wastes

2015 ◽  
Vol 1120-1121 ◽  
pp. 498-501
Author(s):  
Kun Yan Wang ◽  
Ru Feng Cen ◽  
Wen Wen Shu
Keyword(s):  
Water Retention ◽  
Polyacrylonitrile Fiber ◽  
Water Absorbency ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Weight Loss Step ◽  
Pan Fiber ◽  
New Material ◽  
Cross Linker ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Pan Fibers

In order to develop a new way for utilizing Polyacrylonitril (PAN) fiber wastes, a super-absorbent resin was prepared using the waste of PAN fibers at alkaline hydrolysis condition with Al3+ as cross-linker. The molecular structure of the super-absorbent resin was confirmed by FTIR. The thermal degradation of super-absorbent resin consisted of one main weight loss step. Factors that can influence absorbencies of the super-absorbent resin were investigated, such as the amount of cross-linker. The super-absorbent resin has the water absorbency of 131g/g in distilled water. The super-absorbent resin can be used as a new material to water retention from the soil in agriculture.

Deciding to Cooperate in Northern Ghana: Trust as an Evolutionary Constraint Across Cultural Diversity

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Acedo-Carmona ◽  
Antoni Gomila
Keyword(s):  
Small Groups ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Northern Ghana ◽  
Evolutionary Constraint ◽  
Ego Networks ◽  
Unconscious Processes ◽  
Emotional Bonds ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
Evolutionary Point

AbstractThe upper-east and northern regions of Ghana offers a unique opportunity to study the influence of evolutionary social dynamics in making cooperation possible, despite cultural differences. These regions are occupied by several distinct ethnic groups, in interaction, such as the Kussasi, Mamprusi, Bimoba, Konkomba, and Fulani. We will report our fieldwork related to how cooperation takes places there, both within each group and among people from the different groups. Methods included personal networks of cooperation (ego networks), interviews and analysis of group contexts. The most important result is that, while each ethnic group may differ in terms of family and clan structure, a similar pattern can be found in all of them, of cooperation structured around small groups of trust-based close relationships. The study suggests that habitual decisions about cooperation are not strategic or self-interested, but instead are based on unconscious processes sustained by the emotional bonds of trust. These kind of emotional bonds are claimed to be relevant from an evolutionary point of view.

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