scholarly journals Sexual Assault and Alcohol Use among College Students: A Critical Review of the Literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaili Calasso ◽  
Carly Thompson-Memmer ◽  
Aaron J Kruse-Diehr ◽  
Tavis Glassman
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
The United States ◽  
General Information ◽  
Female College Students ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Public Higher Education ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female College ◽  
Polysubstance Use

The purpose of this study was to assess the extant literature on the relationship between alcohol and sexual assault among college students. A literature search was conducted using the following databases: PubMed, Education Resources Information Center (ERIC), PsycINFO, JSTOR, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL). Key search terms included sexual assault, alcohol, and college students. A total of 23 articles met inclusion criteria, the plurality (47.8%) of which were cross-sectional and featured convenience samples (43.5%). All studies were conducted at public higher education institutions in the United States. The most salient crosscutting themes included perceived low risk for sexual assault among female college students, higher likelihood of severe sexual assault among women who consumed more alcohol, and general information about polysubstance use and sexual assault risk. Methodological shortcomings included an overreliance on convenience sampling, lack of reporting of where samples were obtained, and single-site data collection. Given the large number of studies that found women who consume alcohol are more likely than their nondrinking counterparts to experience sexual assault, public health educators must continue to prioritize female college students who drink. However, interventions should target potential perpetrators rather than focusing solely on how victims can avoid risky situations. Future research should include diverse, random samples across multiple institutions topromote greater generalizability of findings.

scholarly journals Impact of Birth Control Use on Metabolic Syndrome Risk in Female College Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 165-165
Author(s):  
Lilah Chase ◽  
Jesse Morrell
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Birth Control ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Female College Students ◽  
College Health ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female College

Abstract Objectives Research suggests birth control (BC) use alters blood lipids in women. The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in metabolic syndrome risk between birth control users vs. nonusers in a sample of female college students, 18–24 years old. Methods Data were collected between 2005–18 from the College Health and Nutrition Assessment Survey, an ongoing, cross-sectional study conducted at a midsized, northeastern university. Anthropometric, biochemical, and clinical measures were obtained in the fasted state and used to determine metabolic syndrome (MetS) prevalence. BC use was self-reported. Proportional differences between BC vs. non-BC users of MetS and individual MetS components were evaluated via chi-square tests. Results Forty-five % of the final sample (n = 6456) reported using BC. MetS (≥3 MetS criteria) was present in 3.9% of students; 16.7% of students had ≥ 2 MetS criteria. BC users vs. nonusers were more likely to have at-risk triglyceride levels (22.4 vs. 11.0%, P < .001) but less likely to have at-risk HDL levels (21.2 vs. 27.7%, P < .001) and abdominal obesity (14.3% vs. 16.4, P < .05). No significant differences were observed in prevalence of elevated blood pressure or glucose between BC users vs. nonusers. Overall, MetS prevalence did not differ between groups (3.8 vs. 3.9%, P = .85). Conclusions Our findings suggest BC use is common and impacts different MetS criteria in college females. College health providers and nutrition educators can utilize research findings to tailor information for female students at risk for MetS and chronic disease. Funding Sources New Hampshire Agriculture Experiment Station and USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Hatch Project 1,010,738.

scholarly journals Comparison of Whey Versus Almond Protein Powder on Nitrogen Balance in Female College Students; The California Almond Protein Powder Project (CAlmond-P3)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 11939
Author(s):  
Adeline Maykish ◽  
Morgan M. Nishisaka ◽  
Courtney K. Talbott ◽  
Scott K. Reaves ◽  
Aleksandra S. Kristo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Whey Protein ◽  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
Female College Students ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
Protein Supplement ◽  
Female College

Plant-based diets have become increasingly popular in the past decade, with approximately 11% of Americans self-identifying as vegan or vegetarian and many others trying to reduce meat consumption. Due to increasing interest, the plant-based food market has significantly expanded, with several innovative products serving as alternatives to animal-based products. One such example is almond protein powder, a new protein supplement created as an alternative to whey protein. Due to the novelty of almond protein products, little is known regarding how well the protein supplement supports nitrogen metabolism. The effects of both an almond-based protein beverage and a whey-based protein beverage on nitrogen balance are investigated in the work presented herein. Twenty female college students aged 20–25 years were randomly assigned to consume either an almond- or whey-based protein drink twice daily for one week; 24-h urine collection was performed at the baseline and endpoint of the 7-day treatment period and nitrogen balance was assessed. Body composition and hydration status were also assessed. Both protein sources (almond and whey) were able to notably improve nitrogen balance, thus indicating that almond protein powder may be a functional plant-based alternative to whey protein powder and may be of interest in future research regarding muscle mass and body composition improvement.

Receipt of Routine Gynecological Examinations among Sexually Active Female College Students in the United States

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 1195-1200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa L. Lindley ◽  
Heather M. Brandt ◽  
Lucy Annang ◽  
Corrie L. Barnett ◽  
James W. Hardin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
College Students ◽  
The United States ◽  
Female College Students ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Female College

scholarly journals Kebiasaan Makan Remaja Putri yang Berhubungan dengan Anemia : Kajian Positive Deviance

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Alfishar Akib ◽  
Sri Sumarmi
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Substance P ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Positive Deviance ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Female College Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female College ◽  
Consumption Habits

 Background: Female adolescents are at risk of anemia due to the imbalance of nutrient intake and unhealthy consumption habits. Objectives: Research aimed to analyzed food consumption habits related to anemia of  female college students. Moreover, this research aims to analyzed the positive deviance of female college students who did not experience anemia. Methods:  A cross sectional study was conducted, with the sample of 60 were randomly selected from female college students aged 17-20 years old who live at female boarder of the Airlangga Universitas. The dependent varible was status of anemia, meanwhile independent variables were nutrient intake including the intake of carbohydrate, protein, vitamin C and Fe, enhancer and inhibitor subtances. Pearson correlation test was used for ratio data, while Spearman correlation test was used for nominal and category data. In-depth interview was used to explore the positive habits of respondents who did not suffer from anemia. Results: The result shows that 70% of the respondents was anemia. The Most poor nutrition intake among respondents was intake of vitamin C and Fe (95%). Moreover, there is a correlation between the intake of protein (p=0.027) and enhancer substance (p=0.046) with the anemia status. However, the intake of carbohydrate (p=0.275), vitamin C (p=0.132) and Fe (p=0.618) and inhibitor substance (p=0.771) did not show any correlation with status of anemia status. The informants stated that their positive consumption habits are consuming animal protein and fruits rich of vitamin C, cooking by her self and choosing healty snacks.Conclusion : The intake of protein and enhancer substances has related with the anemia status of the female adolescents. This is partly due to  consumption habits of sufficient animal proteins and fruits rich of vitamin C.ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Remaja putri berisiko mengalami anemia, disebabkan oleh asupan gizi yang rendah dipicu oleh kebiasaan makan remaja yang tidak sehat. Diantara remaja mungkin ada yang tidak anemia, meskipun berada di lingkungan yang kurang mendukung.Tujuan: Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis asupan zat gizi dan kebiasaan makan yang berhubungan dengan status anemia, serta mengkaji kebiasaan makan positif pada remaja yang tidak anemia.Metode : Penelitian dengan rancangan cross sectional, dilakukan di asrama putri Universitas Airlangga. Besar sampel 60 mahasiswi berusia 17-20 tahun diambil dengan metode simple random sampling. Variabel yang tergantung adalah status anemia dan variabel bebas adalah asupan zat gizi meliputi karbohidrat, protein, vitamin C dan mineral Fe serta asupan zat enhancer dan inhibitor bagi penyerapan zat besi. Uji korelasi Pearson digunakan untuk data berskala rasio dan korelasi spearman untuk data nominal dan kategori. In-dept interview, dilakukan untuk menggali kebiasaan makan responden yang tidak anemia.Hasil: Sebesar 70% responden mengalami anemia. Sebagian besar (95%) responden asupan vitamin C dan Fe tergolong kurang. Ada hubungan antara asupan protein (p=0,027) dan zat enhancer (p=0,046) dengan status anemia. Tidak ada hubungan antara asupan karbohidrat (p=0,275), vitamin C (p=0,132) dan Fe (p=0,618) serta asupan zat inhibitor (p=0,771) dengan status anemia. Kebiasaan makan positif pada remaja putri yang tidak anemia adalah sering mengkonsumsi protein hewani, memilih buah sumber vitamin C, memasak diwaktu luang dan memilih snack bergizi.Kesimpulan: Asupan protein dan zat enhancer berhubungan dengan status anemia pada remaja putri. Hal ini disebabkan kebiasaan mengkonsumsi protein hewani dan buah-buahan dengan kandungan vitamin C tinggi. 

scholarly journals The Association Between Alcohol and Dysmenorrhea in University Students in North China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuo Yang ◽  
Jia Guo ◽  
Ming-li Sun ◽  
Qin-cheng He ◽  
Ya-Nan Ma
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
University Students ◽  
North China ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Female College Students ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Primary Dysmenorrhea ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female College

Abstract Background Evidence supporting the definitive effect of alcohol consumption on dysmenorrhea has been sparse. The current study was aim to evaluate the relationship between alcohol consumption and dysmenorrhea among age-stratified female college students in northern China.Methods A total of 3692 female college students were included in this cross-sectional study. The logical regression model was performed to evaluate the association between alcohol consumption and primary dysmenorrhea. The model adjusted for confounding factors such as age and body mass index, and estimated the odds ratio (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (CIs).Results Multivariable-adjusted models showed the analysis stratified by age at menarche (AAM) revealed that the prevalence of dysmenorrhea in participants with AAM < 13 years old (67.2%) was significantly higher than that in participants with AAM ≥13 years old (61.3%) (P = 0.003). Alcohol consumption showed a dose-response relationship with dysmenorrhea in participants with AAM ≥13 years old.Conclusion Our findings showed AAM modified the association of alcohol consumption with primary dysmenorrhea among female university students in North China.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Emergency Contraceptive among Undergraduate Female College Students: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deressa JT ◽  
◽  
Yang L ◽  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Female College Students ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Field Of Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female College ◽  
Emergency Contraceptive

Background: Emergency contraceptive is a unique type of family planning methods, which has been available since 1970s and can prevent pregnancy, when used after unprotected sex around the time of ovulation. Objectives: The main purpose of the study was to investigate the knowledge level, attitude towards and practice of emergency contraceptive among female college students. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used and data were collected by structured pre-tested questionnaire that 456 students were randomly selected. Logistic regression analysis was used and p <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: About 53.3% of the study participant’s knowledge level were good and 56.1% of them showed a positive attitude towards emergency contraceptive. Field of study, year of study and awareness were associated with the knowledge level. Age, year of study and sexual behavior were associated with attitudes towards emergency contraceptive. Attitude towards emergency contraceptive and sexual behavior were associated with the utilization of emergency contraceptive. Conclusions: The knowledge level, attitude towards and practice of emergency contraceptives were affected by age, field of study, level of study, awareness and sexual behavior.

The Mediating Roles of Hostility and Dissociation in the Relationship Between Sexual Assault and Suicidal Thinking in College Students

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 1635-1653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristy M. Keefe ◽  
Melanie D. Hetzel-Riggin ◽  
Naoyuki Sunami
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Dialectical Behavior Therapy ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Anger Expression ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Suicidal Thinking ◽  
The Relationship

Sexual assault and suicide are two serious public health concerns. Research has documented the relationship between sexual assault and suicidal thinking and attempts; however, limited research explores the more multifaceted relationships between posttraumatic stress reactions and suicidal ideation in college students through unsuccessful modulation of emotion. The authors hypothesized a mediation model where the relationship between sexual assault and suicidal ideation is mediated by dissociation and hostility. In total, 1,677 undergraduate students were administered modified versions of the Traumatic Life Events Questionnaire (TLEQ), Symptom Checklist–90–Revised (SCL-90-R), and Peritraumatic Dissociative Experiences Questionnaire (PDEQ). The results revealed both significant partial but equal mediators of hostility and dissociation. However, a portion of the direct effect between sexual assault and suicidal ideation remained unaccounted for by indirect effects. The current model supports previous work on dialectical behavior therapy that says either side of the dialectic between extreme expression and suppression of hostility increases the likelihood of suicidal thinking after sexual assault. With sexual assault survivors, practitioners should use strategies that emphasize both anger expression and healthy avoidance as a way to modulate emotion to potentially reduce suicidal thoughts. Future research should focus on different gender models, additional possible mediators such as alcohol use and guilt, and different forms of sexual assault. Limitations of the correlational, cross-sectional methodology are discussed.

History of Sexual Assault Perpetration and Violence-Related Prosocial Tendencies Among Men by Fraternity Affiliation Status

2021 ◽  
pp. 107780122110373
Author(s):  
Jill C. Hoxmeier ◽  
Daniel Zapp
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Violence Prevention ◽  
College Men ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prosocial Tendencies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sexual Assault Perpetration

The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine self-reported sexual assault perpetration history, as well as violence prevention-related prosocial tendencies, among fraternity men, unaffiliated men with membership intentions, and unaffiliated men without membership intentions with data from 262,634 college men in the United States. Results indicate that fraternity status was related to sexual assault perpetration, both prior to and while at their current institution of higher education; both perpetration history and fraternity status significantly related to diminished violence prevention-related prosocial tendencies. The findings have important implications for future research and practice to reduce the incidents of sexual assault on college campuses.

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