scholarly journals A Retrospective Study of Vertebral Fracture and Luxation in Dogs Presented to University Veterinary Hospital, Universiti Putra Malaysia in 2015 to 2017

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Asri Murshidah ◽  
Seng Fong Lau ◽  
Saufi Azahari Ikhwan ◽  
Intan Nur Fatiha Shafie
Keyword(s):  
Vertebral Fracture ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Intact Male ◽  
Disc Disease ◽  
Radiographic Images ◽  
Stray Dogs ◽  
Local Setting ◽  
Stray Dog ◽  
One Year ◽  
Veterinary Hospital

To date, there is data paucity on canine vertebral fracture and luxation (VFL) in the local setting. Therefore, it was hypothesized that the geographical location and stray dog population would influence VFL cases in the University Veterinary Hospital, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UVH, UPM). This study aimed to describe the incidence and characteristics of VFL in dogs presented to UVH, UPM. Medical records, including radiographic images of 74 dogs between 2015 to 2017, were reviewed. VFL dominated the spinal cord disease in dogs at 49% (n = 36/74), exceeding intervertebral disc disease (IVDD) and acute non-compressive nucleus pulposus extrusion (ANNPE). Half of VFL cases were contributed by intact male, small breed dogs aged more than one-year-old, with 52% (n = 11/19) of cases caused by vehicular accidents. Almost two-thirds (n = 21/36) of dogs with VFL were outdoor or stray dogs, and the Th3-L3 region was the most susceptible (52%, n = 19/36) for VFL. More than 70% (n = 25/36) of the patients had unstable fractures, highly associated with severity. In conclusion, the occurrence of VFL in UVH, UPM is three times higher than reported in western countries and most likely contributed by a large number of outdoor and stray dogs.

Divergent patterns of anti-fracture medication use following fracture on therapy: A population-based cohort study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory A Kline ◽  
Suzanne N Morin ◽  
Lisa M Lix ◽  
William D Leslie
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Vertebral Fracture ◽  
Drug Efficacy ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Traumatic Fracture ◽  
Before And After ◽  
One Year

Abstract Context Fracture-on-therapy should motivate better anti-fracture medication adherence. Objective Describe osteoporosis medication adherence in women before and following a fracture. Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting Manitoba BMD Registry (1996-2013). Patients Women who started anti-fracture drug therapy after a DXA-BMD with follow-up for 5 years during which a non-traumatic fracture occurred at least one year after starting treatment. Main Outcome Linked prescription records determined medication adherence (estimated by medication possession ratios, MPR) in one-year intervals. The variable of interest was MPR in the year before and after the year in which the fracture occurred with subgroup analyses according to duration of treatment pre-fracture. We chose an MPR of ≥0.50 to indicate minimum adherence needed for drug efficacy. Results There were 585 women with fracture-on-therapy, 193(33%) had hip or vertebral fracture. Bisphosphonates accounted for 82.2% of therapies. Median MPR the year prior to fracture was 0.89(IQR 0.49-1.0) and 0.69(IQR 0.07-0.96) the year following the year of fracture(p< 0.0001). The percentage of women with MPR ≥ 0.5 pre-fracture was 73.8%, dropping to 57.3% post-fracture(p<0.0001); restricted to hip/vertebral fracture results were similar (58.2% to 33.3%, p <0.002). Among those with pre-fracture MPR <0.5, only 21.7% achieved a post-fracture MPR ≥ 0.5. Conclusions Although fracture-on-therapy may motivate sustained/improved adherence, MPR remains low or even declines after fracture in many. This could reflect natural decline in MPR with time but is paradoxical to expectations. Fracture-on-therapy represents an important opportunity for clinicians to re-emphasize treatment adherence.

One-year parasitological screening of stray dogs and cats in County Dublin, Ireland

Parasitology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 146 (6) ◽  
pp. 746-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Garcia-Campos ◽  
C. Power ◽  
J. O'Shaughnessy ◽  
C. Browne ◽  
A. Lawlor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Population ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Aelurostrongylus Abstrusus ◽  
Stray Dogs ◽  
Wildlife Species ◽  
Veterinary Importance ◽  
One Year ◽  
Parasite Populations ◽  
And Control ◽  
Parasite Exposure

AbstractTo date, there are no recent studies identifying the prevalence of parasites of human and veterinary importance in dogs and cats in Ireland. The interaction between pets and wildlife species in the environment is an important source of parasite exposure to canids and felines, and one likely to be heightened in the stray animal population. This study aimed to establish the prevalence of endoparasites in unowned dogs and cats in County Dublin, Ireland. Feces from stray dogs (n= 627) and cats (n= 289) entering a rehoming centre were collected immediately after defecation. The main parasitic agents detected were ascarids (15.52 and 30.26%),Cystoisospora(3.27 and 3.69%),Giardiaspp. (6.02 and 1.84%) and lungworms (0.64 and 2.08%), in dogs and cats respectively. Animals younger than 3 months of age were more likely to be infected with ascarids (P< 0.001) andCystoisosporaspp. (P= 0.008 andP= 0.014) than older animals. All lungworms were morphologically identified and dogs were infected withAngiostrongylus vasorum(0.48%) andCrenosoma vulpis(0.16%) whereas cats were only infected withAelurostrongylus abstrusus(2.08%). This represents the first prevalence study of stray animals in Ireland. Data collected will inform the treatment and in addition, the future monitoring and control studies of parasite populations.

scholarly journals Stray dogs in urban fragments: relation between population’s perception of their presence and socio-demographic factors

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline G.A. Guilloux ◽  
Ligia I. Panachão ◽  
Ana J.S. Alves ◽  
Carolina B. Zetun ◽  
Alex J.F. Cassenote ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Stray Dogs ◽  
Stray Dog ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Responsible Ownership ◽  
Waste Handling

ABSTRACT: Stray dogs are associated with environment and public health impacts. São Paulo is a city with approximately 2.5 million owned dogs and until the time of writing no studies describing the distribution of the stray dog population have been conducted in this city. Therefore, no scientific support for intervention plans is available. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of local sociodemographic and environmental factors with the population perception of presence of stray dogs in urban fragments of São Paulo city. A convenience sample of six urban fragments was selected. In-depth interviews were performe, using a systematic random sample of households in each study area, between October/2010 and January/2011 to identify socio-demographic factors of interest and determine the population’s perception of stray dogs. Additionally, the presence of stray dogs was estimated by photographic mark-recapture method. The degree of human-dog proximity and environmental factors such as waste handling were associated to the sighting of stray dogs. Stray dogs were observed in two of the six study areas, agreeing with the greater population perception of this issue on those areas. Intervention in these factors and encouragement of responsible ownership are two potential solutions for management and reduction of problems associated with the presence of stray dogs.

174 EVALUATION OF THE 9-DAY PROTOCOL FOR ESTROUS SYNCHRONIZATION IN SANTA INÊS EWES

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 189
Author(s):  
P. Viau ◽  
M. B. Paes de Barros ◽  
L. M. K. Dias ◽  
S. S. Nicolau ◽  
C. T. Marino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Device Removal ◽  
Intact Male ◽  
Estrous Synchronization ◽  
Follicular Wave ◽  
Vaginal Progesterone ◽  
Device Placement ◽  
Santa Inês ◽  
Veterinary Hospital ◽  
Follicular Dynamics

The objective of the present study was to characterise follicular dynamics in Santa Ines (SI) during a 9-day protocol for oestrous synchronization and to evaluate the efficiency of the vaginal progesterone-releasing device Primer-PR® (Tecnopec, Brazil). Cyclic females were used (n = 10) at the ruminant sector of the veterinary hospital of the FMVZ–USP, in March 2009. The animals had body scores between 2.5 and 3 and were of proven fertility. Ultrasound examinations were performed using an ALOKA SSD-500 Scanner (Berger, Brazil) with a linear 5.0-MHz transducer, attached to a handle to allow safe intrarectal manipulation. Examinations were performed daily from 3 days (D-3) before the day of device placement (D0) until the day of device removal (D9), and twice daily from device removal until ovulation. All ewes received 0.03 mg of prostaglandin (D-cloprostenol, Prolise®, Tecnopec, Brazil) on D9. Ovulation was assessed by the disappearance of the growing larger follicle or follicles present in the previous examinations. Oestrous detection was performed using an intact male 3 times a day (at 10:00 a.m., 6:00 p.m., and 12:00 p.m.) from D9 until the last acceptant ewe, and blood samples were taken by jugular puncture for progesterone (P4) measurement by radioimmunoassay on solid phase (COAT-A-COUNT, Siemens, USA) from D-3 until the day of ovulation. Data were analysed by Shapiro–Wilk (PROC UNIVARIATE) using the SAS program (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA, 2001) and shown as mean ± standard deviation. Plasma P4 concentrations between D0 and D9 were 6.56 ± 2.32 ng mL–1, peaking between D3 and D5 (8.07 ± 2.31 ng mL–1). Oestrous behaviour was shown 45.6 ± 12.71 h after Primer-PR® removal. The first and the last ewe that showed oestrous behaviour was at 30 h and 66 h after Primer-PR® removal, respectively, and the majority of ewes (50%) at 42 h. Oestrous lasted 26.40 ± 9.47 h, and the majority of ewes (70%) showed oestrous behaviour during 24 h. Ovulation occurred 73 ± 14.38 h after Primer–PR® removal and 1.3 ± 0.48 ovulations per animal were observed. From all growing presumptively dominant follicles observed, 92.3% of them ovulated. When double ovulations occurred (n = 3), the interval between first and second ovulation was 16 ± 6.93 h. Emergence of the ovulatory follicular wave occurred at 8.5 days + 16 h after Primer–PR® insertion. The follicles observed to continue growing had a diameter of 3.48 ± 0.28 mm when they were first detected and reached 5.63 ± 0.66 mm, with a growth rate of 0.73 ± 0.43 mm per day. A standard follicle wave within the 9-day protocol was not possible to determine, and the follicles receded in up to 4 days. In conclusion, placement of a Primer-PR® device for 9 days resulted in synchronous oestrus and ovulation in Santa Inês ewes. FAPESP, CAPES, Tecnopec.

scholarly journals Diabetes Screening Through Community Pharmacies in England: A Cost-Effectiveness Study

Pharmacy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Wright ◽  
Richard Little ◽  
David Turner ◽  
Tracey Thornley
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Social Deprivation ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Community Pharmacies ◽  
Diabetes Screening ◽  
Tree Model ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Mixed Ethnicity

Community pharmacies are commonly used to screen for patients with diabetes. The aim of this paper is to estimate the cost per test and cost per appropriately referred patient from a pharmacy perspective using a one-year decision tree model. One-way sensitivity analysis was performed to estimate the effect of geographical location and patient self-referral rate. Data was used from 164 patients screened and located in an area with average social deprivation and largely white European inhabitants and 172 patients in an area with higher social deprivation (lower than average ability to access society’s resources) and a mixed ethnicity population in England. The diabetes screening consisted of initial risk assessment via questionnaire followed by HbA1c test for those identified as high risk. The cost per person screened was estimated as £28.65. The cost per appropriately referred patient with type 2 diabetes was estimated to range from £7638 to £11,297 in deprived mixed ethnicity and non-deprived areas respectively. This increased to £12,730 and £18,828, respectively, if only 60% of patients referred chose to inform their general practitioner (GP). The cost per test and identification rates through community pharmacies was similar to that reported through medical practices. Locating services in areas of suspected greater diabetes prevalence and increasing the proportion of patients who follow pharmacist advice to attend their medical practice improves cost-effectiveness.

CASE REPORT: THREE CASES OF NON-UNION FRACTURE IN DOGS TREATED WITH ADIPOSE-DERIVED ADULT STEM CELLS COMBINED WITH AUTOLOGOUS CANCELLOUS BONE AND SYNTHETIC BONE SUBSTITUTES

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Kun-Lung Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Stem Cell Therapy ◽  
Bone Plates ◽  
Intact Male ◽  
Non Union ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Veterinary Hospital

The first case was a 4-year old, 10[Formula: see text]kgs intact male Shiba Inu presenting fracture of the distal third of its right ulna and radius. The patient was first managed at a Local Veterinary Hospital (LVH) twice with bone plates but non-union was observed, along with bone infection and bone defect on a large area. The fracture site was re-stabilized and given stem cell therapy at Famous Veterinary Hospital (FVH). The area of bone defect reduced significantly with prominent callus formation. The second case was a 9-year old, 3.3[Formula: see text]kgs intact female Toy Poodle with fracture of the distal right radius and ulna. The fracture was first stabilized with bone plates at LVH but non-union was observed. Resorption of bone was visible radiographically around the proximal screw, which led to fracture and implant loosening at that location. Pan-arthrodesis followed after stem cells administration was performed at FVH. Radiography showed sufficient growth of the radius and union of the ulna occurred at 145 days after therapy. The third case was a 3.5-year old, 10[Formula: see text]kgs intact male Mongrel attended at LVH for a humerus fracture. Fracture reduction with bone plates was attempted twice at LVH but both loosened eventually. At FVH, an external skeletal fixator was used to stabilize the fracture, followed by stem cell therapy. There was radiographic evidence that the humerus healed well by the 35th day after therapy and was completely united by Day 113 of post-surgery and therapy.

352 The Effect of Epidural Steroid Injections on Bone Mineral Density and Vertebral Fracture Risk: A Systematic Review and Critical Appraisal of Current Literature

Neurosurgery ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (CN_suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 280-280
Author(s):  
Panagiotis Kerezoudis ◽  
Lorenzo Rinaldo ◽  
Mohammed Ali Alvi ◽  
Sandy Goncalves ◽  
Christine Hunt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertebral Fracture ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Osteoporotic Fractures ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Steroid Injections ◽  
Epidural Steroid Injections ◽  
Vertebral Fracture Risk ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
One Year ◽  
Epidural Steroid

Abstract INTRODUCTION Epidural steroid injections (ESIs) are a common treatment for the management of patients with radicular back pain. It is also known that the long-term enteral administration of exogenous steroids disrupts bone health and skeletal micro-architecture METHODS A systematic and critical review of recent literature was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. RESULTS >A total of 8 studies were included in the analysis (6 retrospective, 2 prospective). A total of 7233 patients with a mean age ranging between 49 and 74 years and an average follow-up between 6 and 60 months were studied. Steroids that were used included triamcinolone, dexamethasone, and methylprednisolone (MP), with a mean number of injections ranging from 1 to 14.7 and average cumulative dose in MP equivalents between 80 and 8130 mg. A single ESI was shown to decrease BMD as measured at the femoral neck by 1.8%, and increase the risk of vertebral fracture by 21%. Significant reductions in BMD were associated with a cumulative MP dose of 200 mg over a one year period and 400 mg over three years, but not in doses of less than 200 mg of MP equivalents for postmenopausal women and at least 3 g for healthy men. The risk of osteopenia and osteoporosis was lower in patients that were receiving anti-osteoporotic medication during the treatment course. CONCLUSION ESIs can decrease BMD, both locally (lumbar spine) and systemically (femoral neck) and increase the risk of vertebral fracture. Therefore, ESIs should be recommended with caution, especially in patients at risk for osteoporotic fractures, such as women of postmenopausal age. Anti-osteoporotic medication might be considered prior to ESI.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Parasites in Native Dogs in Palestine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rateb A. Othman ◽  
Sameh Abuseir
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
Similar Rate ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Stray Dogs ◽  
Pet Dogs ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
One Year

Background: Dogs play an important role in transmission of parasites and zoonotic diseases, especially in developing countries. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of internal parasites in stray and pet dogs in Palestine. Methods: Fecal samples were collected during the period between Jan to May 2019. A total of 150 fecal samples were collected and tested for parasites using sedimentation and flotation techniques. The targeted dogs were both pet dogs and stray dogs and were grouped according to gender and age. Results: Although there was no significant difference in infestation between males and females, the prevalence rate of infestation in males was 63.1% compared to females 72.4%. Dogs of ages under one year had similar rate of infestation compared to older dogs with a rate of 67.3% and 67.4% respectively. Infestations were significantly higher (P<0.05) in stray dogs 81.4% compared to pet dogs 48.4%. The highest infestation rate was with Toxocara canis 46.0% followed by Dipylidium caninum 23.0%, Echinococcus spp. 14.0% ,Isosopora canis  9.0%, Ancylostoma caninum 8.0%, Giarda spp. 5.0%, Strongyloides spp. 4.0%, Trichuris vulpis 3.0%, and Cryptosporidium spp. 3.0%. Conclusion: Local dogs in Palestine, especially stray dogs, are infested with different types of intestinal parasites that may cause many common and non-common diseases to humans. To prevent the spread of these parasites, future public health should be proposed and applied by authorities to achieve a healthy status of the residents in the country. Health awareness spread among people about the seriousness of the diseases transmitted by dogs must also be activated.

scholarly journals Surgical Management of Bicornual Uterine Prolapse in a Siamese Cat: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
pp. 320-323
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Management ◽  
Uterine Prolapse ◽  
Past History ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Operative Management ◽  
Visual Examination ◽  
Siamese Cat ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Year ◽  
Veterinary Hospital

Uterine prolapse is a rare condition in cats that can be managed by performing either an external hysterectomy or manual reduction followed by ovariohysterectomy. This article describes surgical management of bilateral uterine prolapse in a queen. A one year old female, pluriparous Siamese cat (Felis catus) with no past history of dystocia and weighing 2.8 kg was presented to Andys Veterinary hospital, Nairobi, Kenya with a protruding mass through the vulval. The queen had a history of recent queening and had delivered three kittens a week earlier. The owner noticed the protruding mass about 24 hours after the delivery of the last neonate. A few days later, the cat was not suckling the kittens well and was in appetent. As a sequel to this, two kittens died. After a week, the protruding mass had a pungent smell and the client presented the cat to the hospital. Complete bilateral uterine prolapse was diagnosed after a visual examination and palpation of the mass. The uterus was swollen, had necrotic areas and debris. Accordingly, a two staged ovariohysterectomy was opted for to manage the case. An internal ovariectomy was first done via a ventral midline celiotomy followed by an external hysterectomy. Post-operative management included pain medication and antibiotic therapy and the patient recovered well and was discharged after 2 days. The skin sutures were removed 10 days postoperatively. The cat recovered uneventfully with no further complications reported by the owner. In conclusion, this article shows that when the prolapsed uterus is swollen, damaged and necrotic, a two staged ovariohysterectomy should be the method of treatment and the outcome is good despite the duration of the condition.

scholarly journals Echinococcosis in Kurdistan Iraq: Prevalence of Cystic Hydatidosis in Man with a Survey of E.granulosus eggs in Stray Dogs in Kalar City, Sulaymania Province, Kurdistan- Iraq.

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-128
Author(s):  
Arkan Barzanji ◽  
Louis Saida
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Echinococcosis ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
City Center ◽  
Stray Dogs ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cystic Hydatidosis ◽  
Area North ◽  
One Year ◽  
Surgery Department ◽  
First Time

The current study included two levels: - cystic echinococcosis in man and a survey of eggs of the parasites E. granulosus in feces of stray dogs in Kalar city sulaymania province. The statically analysis of private and governmental hospitals documents showed 56 cases of cystic echinococcosis have been treated surgically during five years’ period (2013-2017). The patients who included in this study were examined by physicians and confirmed by one or more of the following methods, imaging diagnosis (CT scan, Ultrasound, and X ray), histopathology and serology. Among total of 3330 patients admitted to the surgery department of these hospitals, 56 (1, 6%) were found to be infected with cystic hydatidosis at approximately 5.6 cases per 100,000 persons and at average 11.2 cases per one year. Among total patients’ involvements, house wives 22 (39.28%) were high infected and then followed by the workers and students 12(21.4%) and 11(19.64%) respectively. According to the organs patients involvement liver was highly infected 31(55.3%) and then followed by lungs 9(16.07). The age group (41-50) yrs. was 13(23.21%) highly infected than other ages, and the females (53.57%) were high infected than males (46.4%) among total patients infected. The economic loses of 56 cases treated surgically was approximately 112000$ USA$. This study is the first time talking about economic losses in this city of Iraq. The result of 60 sample feces examination of stray dogs showed that 36.6% of which were contaminated with eggs of E. granulosus. The high percentage of infection with this parasite (60%), was found at the Slaughtered animal's area, south of city center and the lowest (10%) was at Awarakan, Jutyaran & sharawan2 area, north of city center.

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