Black Bass Diversity: Multidisciplinary Science for Conservation

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Growth Parameter ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
Minimum Length ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Black Bass ◽  
Annual Total ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Flint River

<em>Abstract</em>.—The largest native population of Shoal Bass <em>Micropterus cataractae</em> inhabits the Flint River, Georgia and remains relatively unstudied. We examined demographic characteristics of the population in the lower Flint River that is bounded by reservoirs during 2009–2011. We anchor tagged 741 Shoal Bass to evaluate the percentage of caught fish that were harvested. Shoal bass (<em>n</em> = 187) were sacrificed for age and growth analysis. Ages of sampled fish ranged from age 1 to 11. Von Bertalanffy growth parameter estimates were <EM>L</EM><sub>∞</sub> = 564 mm, <EM>K</EM> = 0.312, and<em> t</em><sub>0</sub> = –0.089. Male and female growth rates were similar, with the mean Shoal Bass requiring 2.4 years to reach 305 mm and 5.1 years to reach 457 mm. Growth rates of Shoal Bass were greater than those of previously studied populations and Largemouth Bass <em>M. salmoides</em> in the Flint River and an impoundment bounding the upper end of the study site. Annual total pooled mortality was 49%. Forty-one percent of caught Shoal Bass were harvested by anglers (range 31–60%). Our results suggest that with current population characteristics, an increase in the minimum length limit would not increase yield to the recreational fishery.

scholarly journals Rapid growth of wahoo (Acanthocybium solandri) in the Coral Sea, based on length-at-age estimates using annual and daily increments on sagittal otoliths

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1128-1139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitchell T. Zischke ◽  
Shane P. Griffiths ◽  
Ian R. Tibbetts
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Growth Parameter ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Daily Increments ◽  
Growth Increments ◽  
Coral Sea ◽  
Age Estimates

Abstract Zischke, M. T., Griffiths, S. P., and Tibbetts, I. R. 2013. Rapid growth of wahoo (Acanthocybium solandri) in the Coral Sea, based on length-at-age estimates using annual and daily increments on sagittal otoliths. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 70: 1128–1139. The wahoo (Acanthocybium solandri) is an economically important species incidentally caught in oceanic fisheries targeting tuna and coastal fisheries targeting mackerels. The age and growth of wahoo was examined using whole and sectioned otoliths from 395 fish (790–1770 mm LF) sampled from the Coral Sea. Growth increments were more reliably assigned on whole otoliths than sectioned otoliths. Edge analyses revealed that growth increments were deposited annually, primarily between October and February. Furthermore, analysis of presumed daily microincrements showed that ∼90% of fish had deposited the first “annual” growth increment by the 365th day, thereby indirectly validating annual increment formation. Wahoo were aged at between 108 d and 7 years, with 76% of fish being <2-year old. The specialized von Bertalanffy growth function provided the best fit to length-at-age data, with parameter estimates (sexes combined) of L∞ = 1499 mm LF, K = 1.58 year−1, and t0 = −0.17 years. The growth performance index for wahoo in the Coral Sea (φ′ = 4.55) was one of the highest of all pelagic fish, with their growth and maximum size most similar to dolphinfish. This study suggests that wahoo are one of the fastest growing teleosts and provides growth parameter estimates that may facilitate future stock assessments and guide fisheries management.

On the Age and Growth Rate of Giant Cacti: Radiocarbon Dating of the Spines of Cardon (Pachycereus Pringlei)

Radiocarbon ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Delgado-Fernández ◽  
Pedro P Garcillán ◽  
Exequiel Ezcurra
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Columnar Cacti ◽  
Rate Versus ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pachycereus Pringlei

AbstractAge estimation has been a limiting factor in the study of giant columnar cacti. In order to test the feasibility of using radiocarbon methods to estimate the age of the giant cardon cacti (Pachycereus pringlei), we selected six sites spanning the latitudinal and precipitation range of the species in the Baja California peninsula. In each site, we selected four individuals of different heights and sampled a spine from the lowest areole in the stem. The age of the spine was estimated using 14C dating, and the mean annual growth rate of the plant was calculated dividing the height of the lead shoot by the plant’s age. Mean annual growth rate was 0.098 m/yr, with values varying between 0.03 and 0.23 m/yr. Within the range of plants sampled, mean annual growth rates were significantly correlated with the height of the plant (r2=0.82, P<0.0001), and no other site-specific variable such as precipitation or latitude was a significant predictor of mean annual growth rates. A model integrating mean growth rate versus height showed that relatively small differences in growth rates between plants accumulate during the plants’ lifetime, so that plants of similar size may have very different ages. We conclude that 14C dating provides a robust method to explore the growth and demography of columnar cacti.

Growth of the Pacific pomfret, Brama japonica: a comparison between otolith and length–frequency (MULTIFAN) analysis

1995 ◽  
Vol 52 (12) ◽  
pp. 2747-2756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith A. Bigelow ◽  
Juble T. Jones ◽  
Gerard T. DiNardo
Keyword(s):  
Fork Length ◽  
Growth Parameter ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Cohort Model ◽  
Length Frequency ◽  
Spawning Period ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
The North ◽  
The Pacific

Age and growth of the Pacific pomfret, Brama japonica, were independently estimated with presumed daily increments within otolith microstructure and MULTIFAN analysis of length–frequency distributions obtained from drift net fisheries. Likelihood ratio tests detected significant differences between sexes and geographic areas in von Bertalanffy parameter estimates from otolith analysis. Otolith interpretations indicated that the species is short lived (age 3+), fast growing (growth coefficient (K) > 1.1), and fully recruited to the North Pacific squid drift net fishery at < 1 yr old. Back-calculated hatching dates indicate a protracted spawning period. MULTIFAN models fit the length–frequency data with an assumption of both annual and biannual recruitment. Growth parameter estimates were asymptotic fork length (FL∞) = 49.9 cm, K = 0.57 for an annual cohort model, and FL∞ = 49.4 cm, K = 1.0 for a biannual cohort model. The growth model derived from otolith increment counts is closer to the MULTIFAN model that assumes biannual length–frequency modes, rather than annual modes.

scholarly journals Age and growth of the ommastrephid squid Todarodes sagittatus from the western Mediterranean Sea

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 421-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoni Quetglas ◽  
Beatriz Morales-Nin
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Somatic Growth ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
Length Frequency ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
North West ◽  
Western Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Similar Work ◽  
The Mean

Age and growth of Todarodes sagittatus were estimated based on statolith analysis from individuals (N=352; 81–418 mm mantle length) caught by bottom trawlers during a year of sampling in the western Mediterranean. The daily nature of statolith increments was indirectly validated comparing the mean age of consecutive monthly modes (identified on the monthly length–frequency distributions) with the corresponding increase of 30 days. In agreement with other ommastrephids, results confirmed the following points: (1) lifespan lasts nearly a year; (2) growth rates decrease with age; (3) when adult, females have higher growth rates than males; and (4) females mature about a month later than males. Significant correlation was found between hatching (which occurred throughout the year but with a peak in November) and temperature at 50 m depth (where it is thought that hatchlings inhabit). Age and growth results were compared with those obtained in a similar work carried out in north-west Africa (Arkhipkin et al., 1999). Comparisons suggested that due to higher growth rates in juveniles, southern populations reach maturity and consequently decrease somatic growth at younger ages and smaller sizes than northern squid, which attain larger sizes as a result of maintaining fast growth and delaying maturation. Greater growth rates in juveniles from west Sahara could be explained by higher temperatures in this area than in the Mediterranean.

Managing Centrarchid Fisheries in Rivers and Streams

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Kilpatrick
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Largemouth Bass ◽  
Rate Function ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Opposite Pattern ◽  
Black Bass ◽  
High Flows ◽  
Basic Biology ◽  
Flint River ◽  
Annual Mortality

<em>Abstract.</em>—Black bass <em> Micropterus </em>spp. are important components of river fisheries in the southeastern U.S., but little is known about their basic life history and population characteristics in these systems. Largemouth Bass <em> M. salmoides </em>and Shoal Bass <em> M. cataractae </em>were collected from three areas in the Flint River on multiple occasions from 2005 through 2013. Collections were taken from the undammed section of the Flint River above Lake Blackshear, within Lake Blackshear, and the regulated reach of river below Lake Blackshear. Shoal Bass do not occur in Lake Blackshear, so only Largemouth Bass were collected. Population and life history data such as body condition, growth, mortality, and recruitment variability were examined for these species in all three areas. Shoal Bass and Largemouth Bass appeared to have similar scopes of growth in this system, reaching similar maximum sizes. However, Largemouth Bass grew slower than Shoal Bass in both river sections. Growth of both species was slower in the upper versus lower area of the river; growth of Largemouth Bass was similar between the lower Flint River and Lake Blackshear. Female Largemouth Bass grew faster than males in both sections of the river; whereas, growth of Shoal Bass was similar between sexes. Longevity of Largemouth Bass appeared to be slightly higher than Shoal Bass, with correspondingly lower annual mortality. Age frequencies and annual mortality was similar between the sexes for both species in all areas. Recruitment of Largemouth Bass was negatively affected by high flows in the spring in the upper Flint River and Lake Blackshear; whereas, Shoal Bass recruitment in the upper Flint River was not correlated to any flow measure. The opposite pattern was found in the lower Flint River, with recruitment of Largemouth Bass unaffected by flow but Shoal Bass recruitment negatively affected by high flows. Shoal Bass exhibited numerous differences from Largemouth Bass in the Flint River, including growth, mortality, and recruitment, demonstrating the danger in applying rate function data or basic biology concepts from one species to another closely related one. Results from this study will help biologists better understand the potential and limitations of black bass fisheries in rivers, and thereby enable more effective management.

Biology and Management of Inland Striped Bass and Hybrid Striped Bass

2013 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Striped Bass ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Morone Saxatilis ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Minimum Length ◽  
Hybrid Striped Bass ◽  
White Bass ◽  
Management Objectives ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Annual Mortality

Abstract.— Total annual mortality and mortality caps (maximum mortality thresholds) were estimated for hybrid striped bass (striped bass <em>Morone saxatilis</em> × white bass <em>M. chrysops</em>) populations sampled in six large Kansas reservoirs spanning 1995–2001; all reservoirs lacked a minimum length limit but had a 2/d creel limit. Total annual mortality of age-1 and older hybrid striped bass was estimated using a weighted catch curve. Mortality caps were modeled by varying growth rates and management objectives. Mortality rates that approach the cap signal the need for increased monitoring to determine what additional management action should be taken (e.g., harvest regulations to reduce mortality) or to reevaluate the size objective (targeted mean length of harvested fish) for the fishery. Estimated mortality caps were then compared with observed growth and mortality rates. Total annual mortality rates for all reservoirs varied from 22% to 52% (mean = 38%; SE = 4.9). All but two reservoirs had total annual mortality rates greater than 40%. Analysis of mortality caps indicated that when the objective was to maintain the mean length of harvested hybrid striped bass at current levels, total annual mortality was lower than the mortality cap for most reservoirs if a 381 mm total length (TL) minimum length limit (i.e., preferred length) were to be imposed. A management objective of 500 mm TL for the mean length of harvested hybrid striped bass was realistic for all reservoirs modeled with a 457-mm-TL length limit (special regulation available to managers) but only for two reservoirs with a 381-mm-TL length limit. Likewise, only two of the study reservoirs could support a management objective of 550 mm TL (herein defined as trophy length) for mean length of harvested hybrid striped bass when modeled with a 457-mm-TL length limit. Our analysis illustrates the potential of mortality caps for monitoring and establishing realistic management goals for hybrid striped bass fisheries.

scholarly journals Growth, mortality and spawning stock biomass of the striped red mullet Mullus surmuletus, in the Egyptian Mediterranean waters

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.F. MEHANNA
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Growth Parameter ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Red Mullet ◽  
Stock Biomass ◽  
Reading Technique ◽  
Spawning Stock ◽  
Mullus Surmuletus

Population parameters such as age, growth, mortality and maturity-at-age are crucial parameters for accurate stock assessment and management plans to ensure the sustainable development of fisheries. Also, they are essential for the calculation of spawning stock biomass (SSB) and equilibrium yield as well as biological reference points including Fmax, F0.1 and F30%SSB. Age and growth parameters were estimated for the striped red mullet, Mullus surmuletus, sampled from commercial landings of the trawl fishery in the Egyptian Mediterranean waters, using the otolith reading technique. M. surmuletus has a longevity of 5 years, but over 70% of fish were less than 2 years old. The growth parameter estimates were K= 0.47 yrs-1, L∞= 31.74 cm, and to= -0.3 yrs. Natural mortality (M) was 0.43 yrs-1, fishing mortality (F) was 0.73 yrs-1, survival rate (S) was 0.31 and exploitation ratio was 0.63 yr-1. Length-at-50% maturity was estimated at 15.1 cm TL, while the length at first capture was estimated at 11.6 cm TL. SSB analysis showed that effort reduction is strongly recommended such that F be reduced by 40% to rebuild spawner biomass to acceptable levels. Per-recruit analysis revealed that F should be reduced by about 27% to achieve the maximum Y/R. All approaches point to the need for drastic reduction in fishing pressure by about 30-40% in the Egyptian Mediterranean fisheries.

Validated age, growth and reproductive biology of Carcharhinus melanopterus, a widely distributed and exploited reef shark

2013 ◽  
Vol 64 (10) ◽  
pp. 965 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Chin ◽  
Colin Simpfendorfer ◽  
Andrew Tobin ◽  
Michelle Heupel
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Logistic Model ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Growth Parameter ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Reef Sharks ◽  
Carcharhinus Melanopterus

Inadequate life-history information can compromise management of shark populations. The present study examined the life history of blacktip reef sharks (Carcharhinus melanopterus) from north-eastern Australia with predictions that they would show life-history patterns similar to those of other reef sharks species. Age and growth estimates were derived from vertebrae and five growth models. Males were 543–1390 mm total length (LST) and females were 514–1600 mm LST. Longevity was 10 years (males) and 15 years (females). Chemical marking confirmed annual band pair deposition but indicated probable age underestimation of large individuals. The logistic model was preferred (second-order Akaike information criterion (AICc) weight 0.7536), with growth parameter estimates of length at birth (L0) = 617 mm LST; asymptotic length (L∞) = 1585 mm LST; k (from logistic model) = 0.251 year–1. Males matured at 4.2 years (1050 mm LST) and females at 8.5 years (1335 mm LST), although further verification is needed. Mating and parturition occurred in summer and autumn, females having three or four pups per litter. Data were inconclusive in determining reproductive periodicity. These data contribute to the species management and conservation and suggest that the species may be sensitive to fishing pressure and habitat loss. The study also demonstrated potential complications in using vertebrae to estimate age and growth of chondrichthyan fishes.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrom in Three Urban Communities of Dhaka City

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shurovi Sayeed ◽  
Akhter Banu ◽  
Parvin Akter Khanam ◽  
Sharmina Alauddin ◽  
Sabrina Makbul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Urban Communities ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
The Mean

Bangladeshis are prone to develop type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension (sHTN and dHTN) and atherosclerotic heart diseases, observed more predominantly in the urban population. Though metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a related disorder, there are few studies in this regard. The prevalence of obesity, T2DM and MetS in three urban communities of Bangladesh were addressed in this study. Nine hundred non-slum urban households in three Dhaka City Wards were randomly selected. One member (age ≥ 25y) from each household was invited for investigation with an overnight fast. Socio-demographic information as well as height, weight, waist-girth, hip-girth and blood pressure were measured. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), total cholesterol (chol), triglycerides (TG) and high-density lipoproteins-c (HDL) were estimated. A total of 705 (m / f = 239 / 466) subjects volunteered for the study. The mean value with 95% confidence interval (CI) of age was 42.4 (40.9 - 43.1) years for men and 37.8 (36.8 - 38.7) for women. The mean (CI) body mass index (BMI) was 21.0 (20.6 - 21.5) and 22.6 (22.2 - 22.9) and waist hip ratio (WHR) was 0.84 (0.83 - 0.84) and 0.82 (0.81 - 0.83), respectively for men and women. The mean (CI) FPG (fasting plasma glucose) was 5.5 (5.2 - 5.7) for men and 5.2 (5.0 - 5.4) for women. The prevalence of obesity (BMI ≥ 25.0) was 21%, T2DM (FPG ≥ 6.1 mmol/l) was 22.2%, triglyceridemia (TG ≥ 150mg/dl) was 45.1% and low HDL-c (HDL<40mg/ dl) was 43.8%. The crude prevalence of MetS varied based on different cluster combinations, being the lowest (0.3%) recommended by WHO cluster (FPG + BMI + SBP/DBP) and the highest (8.7%) by International Diabetes Federation (IDF) cluster (waist + FPG + HDL). The MetS was found higher in male than female by NCEP criteria and higher in female than male by IDF criteria. The study revealed an increased prevalence of obesity, T2DM and MetS in the urban communities. It also revealed that T2DM and MetS are moderately common and of growing healthcare burden in the rapidly growing urban population. Additionally, the study observed the wide ranging prevalence rates of MetS in the same study population indicating the need to establish a consistent and useful MetS-cluster depending on population characteristics. Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2008; 2(2): 44-48 Key Words: Metabolic syndrome, urban, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia   doi: 10.3329/imcj.v2i2.2936

The Status of the School Shark Fishery in South-Eastern Australian Waters

1959 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 150 ◽  
Author(s):  
AM Olsen
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Slow Growth Rate ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Pregnant Females ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
Annual Total ◽  
The Mean

The maximum yield of the school shark fishery in south-eastern Australian waters was 4.09 million lb in 1949. The catch has fluctuated since then about a declining trend to 3.18 million lb in 1956. In 1944, 7.3 hooks were required to catch a shark of mean weight 14.7 lb. In 1956 the number of hooks required was almost doubled: 13.6 hooks were needed to catch sharks of mean weight 13.7 lb; the catch per hook dropped from 2.01 to 0.99 lb. Whereas the catch per boat-month remained relatively stable at 4765 lb for 1944 and 4643 for 1956, the number of hooks used per boat-month increased from 2366 to 4668 hooks in 12 years. Throughout this period the mean weight of sharks in eastern Bass Strait remained fairly steady (11-13 lb) whereas there was a drop of 3 lb from a mean weight of 17-20 lb in the predominantly mature portion of the stock in western Bass Strait. Fishermen in South Australia have reported a comparable drop in the mean weight of sharks in their catches. During the period 1941-46 there was unrestricted inshore fishing of juveniles and pregnant females with a consequent severe drop in the inshore population. The subsequent decline in the annual total catch is believed to be due not only to a too intensive offshore fishery but also to the resultant reduced recruitment and depressed reproductive potential caused by the earlier destruction of juveniles and pregnant females. In the data presented in this paper there is evidence that the school shark fishery, which is operating on a single stock of sharks with a slow growth rate, a late sexual maturity, and a low fecundity, shows trends which are suggestive of depletion. Because similar trends in the soupfin shark fishery of California and in the dogfish fishery of British Columbia were followed by depletion, it has been inferred that regulations to protect the vulnerable phases of the life history of the school shark of Australia may be required. Measures for conservation are discussed.

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